English Grammar.English Grammar.Simple for Simple for

understanding.understanding.

Prepared by Igor Kazakov Prepared by Igor Kazakov for Secondary school.for Secondary school.

There are 5 main Tenses There are 5 main Tenses in English Grammar. They in English Grammar. They

areare

1. Present Simple (Indefinite)1. Present Simple (Indefinite)2. Present Continuous 2. Present Continuous

(Progressive)(Progressive)3. Past Simple (Indefinite)3. Past Simple (Indefinite)

4. Future Simple (Indefinite)4. Future Simple (Indefinite)5. Present Perfect5. Present Perfect

Let’sLet’s study study them them

carefully! carefully!

PRESENT SIMPLE.PRESENT SIMPLE. If you are talking If you are talking about the general about the general present, or about present, or about regular or habitual regular or habitual action, you use theaction, you use the

PRESENT PRESENT SIMPLE ! SIMPLE !

1.1. Present Simple.Present Simple.

I, You, We, TheyI, You, We, They

eateat He, She, ItHe, She, It

eatseats

We We eateat vegetables vegetables every day.every day.

She She eatseats vegetables vegetablesevery day.every day.

DoDo you you eateat vegetables?vegetables?

DoesDoes she she eateat vegetables? vegetables?

You You don’t eatdon’t eat vegetables.vegetables.

She She doesn’t eatdoesn’t eat vegetables.vegetables.

When you use phrasesWhen you use phrases

Every day, week, year, Monday etc.,Every day, week, year, Monday etc.,

Seldom SometimesSeldom Sometimes

Often UsuallyOften Usually

Rarely From time to timeRarely From time to time

You take the You take the

PRESENT SIMPLE!PRESENT SIMPLE!

CLEAR ?CLEAR ?

Test yourself.Test yourself.

Мы каждый день читаем газеты.Мы каждый день читаем газеты.

Она не ходит в библиотекуОна не ходит в библиотеку по по субботам.субботам.

Пишите ли вы письма на уроках Пишите ли вы письма на уроках английского языкаанглийского языка??

We read newspapers every day.We read newspapers every day.

She doesn’t go to the libraryShe doesn’t go to the library on on Saturdays.Saturdays.

Do you write letters at English Do you write letters at English lessons?lessons?

PRESENT PRESENT CONTINUOUS.CONTINUOUS.

If you are talking about If you are talking about something in the present something in the present situation you usesituation you use

PRESENT CONTINUOUS !PRESENT CONTINUOUS !

Often is used to refer to a temporary Often is used to refer to a temporary situation.situation.

2. Present Continuous.2. Present Continuous.

I I amam He, She, It He, She, It isis We, You, They We, You, They areare + + Verb ingVerb ing!!I I am playingam playing now. now.

He He is playingis playing now. now.

We We are playingare playing now. now.

AmAm I I playingplaying now?now?

IsIs she she playingplaying now? now?

AreAre you you playingplaying now? now?

I I am not playingam not playing now!now!

He He is not playingis not playing now!now!

We We are not are not playingplaying now! now!

When you useWhen you use

NOWNOW

You take theYou take the

Present Present Continuous!Continuous!

CLEAR ?CLEAR ?

Test yourself.Test yourself.

Мы читаем газетыМы читаем газеты сейчас.сейчас.

Она не идёт в библиотеку сейчас.Она не идёт в библиотеку сейчас.

Пишите ли вы письма на уроке Пишите ли вы письма на уроке английского языка сейчасанглийского языка сейчас??

We are reading newspapers We are reading newspapers now.now.

She isn’t going to the libraryShe isn’t going to the library now.now.

Are you writing letters at Are you writing letters at English lesson now?English lesson now?

PAST SIMPLE.PAST SIMPLE. If you are talking If you are talking about the general about the general past, or about regular past, or about regular or habitual actions in or habitual actions in the past, you use thethe past, you use the

PAST PAST SIMPLE ! SIMPLE !

3. Past Simple3. Past Simple

Regular verbs – ed -Regular verbs – ed - Irregular verbs – ate – Irregular verbs – ate –

I played outdoors I played outdoors yesterday.yesterday.

She ate vegetables She ate vegetables yesterday.yesterday.

Did She play outdoors Did She play outdoors yesterday?yesterday?

Did We play outdoors Did We play outdoors yesterday?yesterday?

I didn’t’ play outdoors I didn’t’ play outdoors yesterday.yesterday.

She didn’t play She didn’t play yesterday.yesterday.

When you useWhen you use

YesterdayYesterday

You take theYou take the

Past Simple!Past Simple!

CLEAR ?CLEAR ?

Test yourself.Test yourself.

Мы читали газетыМы читали газеты вчера.вчера.

Она не ходила в библиотеку вчера.Она не ходила в библиотеку вчера.

Писали ли вы письма на уроке Писали ли вы письма на уроке английского языка вчераанглийского языка вчера??

We read newspapers yesterday.We read newspapers yesterday.

She didn’t go to the libraryShe didn’t go to the library yesterday.yesterday.

Did you write letters at English Did you write letters at English lesson yesterday?lesson yesterday?

FUTURE SIMPLE.FUTURE SIMPLE. If you are talking If you are talking about the general future, about the general future, or about regular or or about regular or habitual actions in the habitual actions in the future, you use thefuture, you use the

FUTURE FUTURE SIMPLE ! SIMPLE !

4. Future Simple4. Future Simple

I, We – shall -I, We – shall - You, He, She, It, We, You, He, She, It, We,

They – will – They – will –

I shall play outdoors I shall play outdoors tomorrow.tomorrow.

She will eat vegetables She will eat vegetables tomorrow.tomorrow.

Will She play Will She play outdoors tomorrow?outdoors tomorrow?

Shall We play outdoors Shall We play outdoors tomorrow?tomorrow?

I shan’t play outdoors I shan’t play outdoors tomorrow.tomorrow.

She won’t play outdoors She won’t play outdoors tomorrow.tomorrow.

When you useWhen you use

TomorrowTomorrow

You take theYou take the

Future Future Simple!Simple!

CLEAR ?CLEAR ?

Test yourself.Test yourself.

Мы будем читать газетыМы будем читать газеты завтра.завтра.

Она не пойдёт в библиотеку завтра.Она не пойдёт в библиотеку завтра.

Будете ли вы писать письма на Будете ли вы писать письма на уроке английского языка завтрауроке английского языка завтра??

We shall read newspapers We shall read newspapers tomorrow.tomorrow.

She won’t go to the libraryShe won’t go to the library tomorrow.tomorrow.

Will you write letters at English Will you write letters at English lesson tomorrow?lesson tomorrow?

PRESENT PERFECT.PRESENT PERFECT. you use the present perfect you use the present perfect tense when you are tense when you are concerned with the present concerned with the present effects of something which effects of something which happened at an indefinite happened at an indefinite time in the past.time in the past.

PRESENT PERFECT PRESENT PERFECT

5. Present Perfect5. Present Perfect

I, You, We, they – I, You, We, they – have -ed -,have -ed -, or or --V2-V2-..

He, She, It, – He, She, It, – hashas – –ed-ed-, or -, or -V2V2-. -.

I have already played I have already played outdoors.outdoors.

She has already eaten She has already eaten the vegetables.the vegetables.

Has She already Has She already played outdoors?played outdoors?

Have We already Have We already played outdoors?played outdoors?

I haven’t played I haven’t played outdoors yet.outdoors yet.

She hasn’t played She hasn’t played outdoors yet.outdoors yet.

When you useWhen you use

Ever, never,Ever, never,

just, already,just, already,

lately, recently lately, recently

yetyet You take theYou take the

Present Present Perfect!Perfect!

CLEAR ?CLEAR ?

Test yourself.Test yourself.

Мы уже прочитали газеты.Мы уже прочитали газеты.

Она недавно ходила в библиотеку.Она недавно ходила в библиотеку.

Вы когда-нибудь писали письма на Вы когда-нибудь писали письма на уроке английского языкауроке английского языка??

We have already read We have already read newspapers.newspapers.

She has recently gone to the She has recently gone to the library.library.

Have you ever written letters at Have you ever written letters at English lesson?English lesson?

EASY TO EASY TO UNDERSTAND!UNDERSTAND!

If you want to If you want to understand English understand English

Grammar better, You’ll Grammar better, You’ll have to learn all the have to learn all the

rules, which are given rules, which are given above, above, byby HEARTHEART!!