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Syntax : Simple, Complex and Compound Sentences.
Shubham VerlekarAU160001
FYBA
Department of EnglishParvatibai Chowgule College of Arts and Science
(Autonomous)
Idea of Simple, Complex and Compound Sentences.• Simple sentences live upto their name and are very simple• They are basically independent sentences
Connor is Happy.Connor likes Pizza.
• Compound sentences are basically two simple sentences combined together with an conjunction
Connor is happy because he got pizza.• Complex Sentences is where it begins with a conjunction
and then answers it/ continues with Simple Sentence. Ideas are usually separated by Commas.
Because Connor got to eat pizza, He’s happy
Simple Sentences• A simple sentence contains a subject and verb.
She likes me.• It expresses a single complete thought.• A simple sentence is a single independent clause.
Examples
James goes to the library and studies every day.Alicia crept through a dark house.
Compound Sentences• A compound sentence contains two independent clauses.• Which means it has two subjects and two verbs/predicates.• Conjunctions (for, and, nor, but, or, and yet, so) join these independent
clauses. ACRONYM : FANBOYS
Examples
. Lily played football, so Tomi went shopping.They went to beach because it was evening.
More on compound sentences.• The second way to join the clauses in a compound
sentence is to use a semicolon (;) in place of both the comma and the coordinating conjunction. For example, She could not find her keys; they must have fallen somewhere.• Without a coordinating conjunction the logical relationship between the
two clauses in the following sentence might be confusing. Which is why they are avoided
Erica’s grandfather has lived in the United States for fifty years; he has never learned to speak English.Erica’s grandfather has lived in the United States for fifty years, but he has never learned to speak English
COMPLEX! Sentences• A complex sentence is an independent clause joined by
one or more dependent clauses.• A subordinating conjunction begins the dependent claus
es.• A dependent clause that begins a sentence must be
followed by comma.• A dependent clause does have a subject and a verb, but
it does not make sense on its own.
• Example : When the evening came, they rested.
Dependent ClausesA dependent clause, unlike independent clause, cannot stand alone as a complete sentence. Instead, it must be attached to, or depend on, an independent clause to form a grammatically complete sentence and to express a complete idea.When he comes over . . . If we come to the play . . . Before we saw the movie . .
• Subordinating conjunctions because the word subordinate means “of lesser importance.” Grammatically speaking, a dependent clause is “less important” than an independent clause because it cannot stand alone as a complete sentence
Dependent Clauses….• The subordinating conjunctions used to begin adverb clauses
describe verbs by telling how, when, where, why, or under what conditions the action occurs. • how: as if, as though • when: after, as, as soon as, before, until, when, whenever, while • where: where, wherever why: because, in order that, since, so
that • under what conditions: although, as long as, even though, if,
though, unless
Subordinate ConjunctionsAfter how UntilAlthough if UnlessAs in as much as if in order that When as long as At least Whenever as much as now that whereas soon wherever as though SinceWhile because so thatBefore even if Thateven though though
Complex sentences.• Circle the subordinating conjunction. But Identify if they are
complex at all or not?!• While we studied, / he watched television. • I babysat / so that they could go to a movie. • As long as we communicate, / we will remain friends.• Underline the depend clauses• When Americans think of the Old West they picture cowboys and
Indians riding across miles of open range. • This scene changed after large numbers of farmers and ranchers
began to settle on the plains.• These settlers needed to build fences so that they could mark the
boundaries of their property and protect their livestock and their crops