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ENUM and its impact on the VoIP market
Jay Daley
If only VoIP was like email
You control your receipt of email
• Advertise which servers receive mail
– single, global, low-cost directory - the DNS
• Specify priority order for servers
• Control what mail to accept
– Black lists, white lists, reputation scores etc
Of course, this is the Internet
• Only pay for flat rate access - no per email charge
• Choose whether to connect via ISP or implement ISP-grade infrastructure
ENUM and its impact on the VoIP market
Contrast this with VoIP
VoIP in a pre-ENUM world
• Advertise your numbers, not your servers
• You must use a CP to get connected
– Can’t just buy the connectivity to become a CP
• No way to get addresses of servers from your numbers
– This directory lookup is done by CPs for you
– Directory for this is local, private and costs money
• Control on incoming calls is via CP
– You tell them what to do for you
• Pay for rental and call charges
ENUM and its impact on the VoIP market
Company B
Hotel/ConferenceHome Office
Company A
A common scenario
VoIP server
Ext 111
ENUM and its impact on the VoIP market
Ext 222
VoIP server
Ext 123
Ext 333 Ext 444
Ext 456
Internet
CP
• Company A wants to talk VoIP to company B. It needs to know
– Does B have a VoIP server?– What protocols does it support?– What is its IP address?
• With that info:– call across the Internet– no call charges, just line rental.
• Without it:– has to call via a CP– pays call charges
• Can pre-configure server, but does not scale.
• Need one way to look this up, for all telephone numbers.
A common scenarioENUM and its impact on the VoIP market
Company B
Hotel/ConferenceHome Office
Company A
VoIP server
Ext 111
Ext 222
VoIP server
Ext 123
Ext 333
Ext 444
Ext 456
Internet
CP
Using DNS to advertise VoIP
ENUM is just a part of DNS
• Step 1: turn telephone numbers into domain names:
– Special domain names to represent numbers
– 01865 332211 >> 1.1.2.2.3.3.5.6.8.1.4.4.e164.arpa
• Step 2: advertise available services associated with those numbers
– Special DNS records describe available services
– What server, what protocol, what addressing
• These domain names and records are not meant to be directly used by people.
– You still dial the number - device does the rest
ENUM and its impact on the VoIP market
A call using ENUM
Much like email
• You dial a number, same as before
• A device on your network turns it into a domain name
• Then it looks up the VoIP servers advertised on that domain
• Finds a match for supported VoIP protocol (e.g. SIP)
• Make the calls directly to receiving server across the Internet
• Did you spot?
– No CP !
– You are in control !
ENUM and its impact on the VoIP market
Configuration 2 - SBC
Configuration 1 - no SBC
Local configurations
VoIP server
Ext 111
ENUM and its impact on the VoIP market
Ext 222
VoIP server
Ext 123
Ext 456
Internet
CP
Outgoing ENUM
Outgoing non-ENUMAll incoming
SBC
Internet
CP
Outgoing ENUM
Outgoing non-ENUMAll incoming
Who might benefit from ENUM?
Lots of businesses already have VoIP internally
• Call centres
– Like to use an 0800/0845 number? - publish your ENUM instead
• Large supply chains
– Lots of suppliers to deal with? - Mandate the use of VoIP and ENUM.
• Multiple sites
– Is provisioning each site costly and complex? - Use ENUM for each site and they can automatically find each other.
ENUM and its impact on the VoIP market
Registering your ENUM
Available from late summer 2008
• Only you can register your telephone numbers
– Part of the process is proving they are yours
– So no cyber-squatting
• Register through a registrar
– Maybe your CP might become a registrar?
• They deal with the validation agency
– The people who check the number is yours
• You must have a telephone number assigned by a CP
– Can’t get numbers direct from Ofcom for this
• Expect to pay tens of pounds per year for a range
ENUM and its impact on the VoIP market
How does ENUM fit into CP market
• Convergence of Internet, voice, CPs, ISPs, content– CPs move to Next Generation Networks– One pipe, multiple services– Triple/quadruple play - Internet, TV, voice, mobile
• Some key new developments– Last mile is the new battleground– Hosting companies (web, email etc) adding VoIP mix
• Voice has an interesting part to play– Some CPs have given up on per-minute revenue for consumers– If you can keep your number and pay much less for calls then
why move to a new supplier?– How many businesses still buy non-VoIP voice switches?– What business wants to use islands of VoIP like Skype ?
ENUM and its impact on the VoIP market
Summary
• ENUM puts you in charge of your VoIP
– People can call you for free
– You control how you get those calls
• ENUM is simple, flexible and uses trusted technology
• Makes VoIP as simple as email
ENUM and its impact on the VoIP market