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Environmental Management
Systems; ISO 14000 & REACH
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What is Environment????
surroundings of an object
sum of all living and non-living things that
surround an organism, or group of
organisms
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Types of Environment
Natural environment is not man-made, such as Earth and all ofits natural component including ground water, flora and fauna. It isfull of beauty and hazards.
Induced environment are those been affected by humanaction e.g. highly polluted air that results from exhaust emissionsof automobiles in heavily populated cities.
Controlled environment is a natural or induced environmentthat has been changed in some way to reduce or eliminatepotential environmental hazards e.g. a home or workplace that iscooled to reduce potential hazards associated with heat.
Artificial environment one that fully created to prevent definitehazardous conditions from affecting people or material e.g.
environment within the space shuttle. Closed environment one that is completely or almost
completely shut off from natural environment. Both controlled andartificial environment must be closed.
Free environment one that does not interfere with the freemovement of air.
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Pollution
Introduction by man, waste matter or
surplus energy into the environment,which directly or indirectly causes
damage to man and his environment
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Water Pollution
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Air Pollution
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Environmental Management
Systems (EMS)
What is an EMS?
Part of overall management structure
Purpose of EMS
Address immediate & long-term environmental
impacts
Why have an EMS?Provide order and consistency in methods
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Why EMS?
Path Toward Excellence(Cascio, Figure 3.1, The ISO 14000 Handbook, Milwaukee,WI: ASQ Quality Press, 1996)
Time
End-of-Pipe Approach
Limited to Compliance
Systems Approach
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EPA View of EMS Purpose(United States Environmental Protection Agency, www.epa.gov/ems/info/index.htm
6/25/2002.)
System wide approach to environmental
management
Incorporates environmental considerations
into daily organization decisions
Provides a framework to continually improveenvironmental performance
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Components of Management System
Step 1: Establishing a policy statement
Step 2: PlanningStep 3: Implementing and operating
Step 4: Checking
Step 5: Reviewing
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Designing, Developing and Implementing a
Management System: Step 1 - Establishing a policy
statement
A policy statement will outline the strategic values that are most
important to the company and provide the foundation upon which
you build your management system.
Documented, communicated and available both internally and
externally
It should address what is important to your business and/or yourclients and your companys strategic values
Consider avoiding vague statements
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Step 2 -Planning
Planning is critical and should be as holistic as practical.
1. Identify the elements of the organizations activities, products and
services that intersect with the companys policy.
Which can the organization control and/or influence?
Which are the most important to control?
2. Establish a process to identify legal and other requirements, and
to maintain compliance.
3. Set goals to help you achieve and continue to improve upon your
management system.
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Step 3 -Implementing and operating
Identify the requirements necessary to execute against your policy and
plans:
Defined roles and responsibilities
Identify proper skills, education and/or experience necessary for
persons executing the requirements of the management system
Process to communicate relevant information about the management
system and performance to employees and other interested parties
Document and control the core elements of the management system
that are essential to maintain operational control
Plan for emergency situations
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No one Ever Gets Credit for Preventing Problems(Repenning and Sterman, California Management Review, 43 (4), Summer 2001, 64-88)
Time Spent on
Improvement
Delay
Investment in Capability Capability Capability Erosion
Actual
PerformanceTime SpentWorking
Performance Gap
Desired
Performance
+
+
+
-
+Pressure to
Do Work
+
+
B1
Pressure to Improve
Capability
+
+
B2Work Smarter
Work Harder
-
R1
Reinvestment
B3
Shortcuts
-
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Step 4 -Checking
Establish a process to monitor performance, legal compliance and theexecution of management system requirements.
The self-assessments and/or internal audits should closely examine whether:
Employees are aware of the policy statement and understand how what
they do in their job might impact it
The company is in compliance with legal and other requirements
Procedures, processes and related documents exist where necessary for
the management system to be maintained in a sustainable manner
Identify records that must be maintained to demonstrate legal compliance
and operational control
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Step 5 - Reviewing
Periodic review with top management. Some elements of this
review should include:
Status of goals and targets
Status of compliance with legal and other applicable requirements
Identification of any changes to business operations
Discussion regarding opportunities for improvement
Any resulting action that management identifies as a need forchanges to the management system, goals, other opportunities forimprovement or is there a need to change the policy statement?
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The ISO 14000 Series of Standards
The term ISO 14000 Series refers to a family ofenvironmental management standard that coverthe five disciplines:
environmental management system environmental auditor criteria (these criteria
may be used by internal/external auditors andexternal third-party auditors)
environmental performance evaluation criteria environmental labeling criteria
Life-cycle assessment methods.
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The ISO is a specialized international organizationwhose members are the national standards bodies of111 countries.
All standards developed by ISO are voluntary
ISO 14000 is a series of international standards onenvironmental management.
"ISO 14000" is the first international attempt tostandardize environmental management practicesaround the world.
ISO 14000 will help integrate the environmentalmanagement systems of companies that trade with eachother in all corners of the world.
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An ISO 14001:2004-based EMS
An EMS meeting the requirements of ISO 14001:2004 is a
management tool enabling an organization of any size or
type to:
identify and control the environmental impact of its activities,
products or services, and to
improve its environmental performance continually, and to
implement a systematic approach to setting environmental
objectives and targets, to achieving these and to
demonstrating that they have been achieved.
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ISO 14001 EMS Model ANSI/ISO 14001-1996, vi i
Environmental policy
Planning
Implementation
and operation
Continual Improvement
Management review
Checking and
corrective action
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The European Union continues to advance
legislation to protect her population from
exposure to hazardous substances used
in products as well as during product
disposal.
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In 2007, the European Union adopted the REACHregulations which bring unprecedented scope,complexity and mandatory tracking of substances inmost every article (product) that Europeans use.
The REACH regulation: Regulation, Evaluation,Authorization of Chemicals; requires the registration ofhazardous substances that are sold, imported,manufactured or used in quantities exceeding 1 ton/yearand covers substances on their own, in preparations, or
used in a manufacturers articles.
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REACH is one of the most comprehensive and far-
reaching pieces of environmental legislation to come out
of the European Union.
Compliance with REACH is mandatory for continued
sales of chemicals and products in the European Union.
RE
ACH goes beyond the hazardous material contentrequirements starting with registering substances
intentionally released during manufacturing.
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These substances must be registered for the purposeand have a chemical safety report when used in quantityabove a threshold level.
Over 30,000 chemicals are expected to fall under thescope of the REACH directive, and require thatmanufacturers, importers and distributors of substances,preparations and articles fulfill REACH obligations.
Additionally, approximately 1,000 other materials areconsidered Substances of Very High Concern (SVHC)and prohibited by REACH.
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REACH aims at
- improving the protection of human health and theenvironment from the risks that can be posed by
chemicals;- enhancing the competitiveness of the EEA chemicals
industry, a key sector for the economy of the EEA;
- promoting alternative methods for the assessment of
hazards of substances;- ensuring the free circulation of substances on the internal
market of the European Union.
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Testing of chemicals and substances
including:
Physico-chemical testing
Toxicological testing
Eco-toxicological testing
Environmental fate
Residues testing and analysis
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Some Banned Auxiliaries
Alkylphenolethoxylates (APEOs)
linear alkylbenzene sulfonates (LAS),
bis(hydrogenated tallow alkyl) dimethyl ammonium
chloride (DTDMAC), distearyldimethyl ammonium chloride (DSDMAC),
di(hardened tallow) dimethyl ammonium chloride(DHTDMAC),
ethylene diamine tetra acetate (EDTA), and
Diethylene triamine penta acetate (DTPA)
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23 Amines Banned BY EU4-aminodiphenyl (92-67-1)
Benzidine (92-87-5)4-chloro-o-toluidine (95-69-2)
2-naphthylamine (91-59-8)
o-amino-azotoluene (97-56-3)
2-amino-4-nitrotoluene (99-55-8)
p-chloroaniline (106-47-8
2,4-diaminoanisol (615-05-4)
4,4-diaminodiphenylmethane (101-77-9)3,3-dichlorobenzidine (91-94-1)
3,3-dimethoxybenzidine (119-90-4)
3,3-dimethylbenzidine (119-93-7)
3,3-dimethyl-4,4- diaminodiphenylmethane (838-88-0)
p-cresidine (120-71-8)
4,4-methylene-bis-(2-chloraniline) (101-14-4)
4,4-oxydianiline (101-80-4)4,4-thiodianiline (139-65-1)
o-toluidine (95-53-4)
2,4-diaminotoluene (95-80-7)
2,4,5-trimethylaniline (137-17-7)
4-aminoazobenzene (60-09-3)
o-anisidine (90-04-0)
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Dyes that are carcinogenic, mutagenic
or toxic to reproduction & banned
C.I. Basic Red 9
C.I. Disperse Blue 1
C.I. Acid Red 26 C.I. Basic Violet 14
C.I. Disperse Orange 11
C. I. Direct Black 38
C. I. Direct Blue 6 C. I. Direct Red 28
C. I. Disperse Yellow 3
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Impurities in dyes The levels of ionic impurities in the dyes used shall not exceed the following:
Ag 100ppm;
As 50 ppm;
Ba 100 ppm;
Cd 20 ppm;
Co 500 ppm;
Cr 100 ppm;
Cu 250 ppm;
Fe 2500 ppm; Hg 4 ppm;
Mn 1000 ppm;
Ni 200 ppm;
Pb 100 ppm;
Se 20 ppm;
Sb 50ppm;
Sn 250 ppm;
Zn 1500 ppm.
Any metal that is included as an integral part of the dye molecule (e.g. metal complexdyes, certain reactive dyes, etc.) shall not be considered when assessing compliancewith these values, which only relate to impurities.
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72% have a REACH team. Half work for companies where
the REACH team includes representatives from safety,
health & the environment
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REACH Timeline
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