Ethics and Computers

Ethics Ethics are principles that guide

behavior

Community or Society

Professional or School setting

Individual Standards

Ethics are Not . . .Laws that have a penaltyDetailed instructions for every possible

situationFlexible and changing depending on each

person or situation

Is it Legal and Ethical?Can something be:

◦Legal and Unethical?◦Illegal and Ethical?◦Illegal and Unethical?

◦Legal and Ethical?

Laws Ethics

One Aspect That Helps Define Your Character?

What you do when no one is watching.

Cyber Ethics

Appropriate Electronic Behavior

Why Do People Use the Internet to Commit Crime?People tend to feel invisible onlineThey feel capable of doing things they might

not normally do in person or in publicThey can commit crime in the comfort of their

own homeThey assume there are no witnesses

What is netiquette?The correct or acceptable way of communicating on the Internet.

Copyright

Copyright is the rights possessed by the owner of information or resources.

Copyright gives the owner the right to: copy distribute use sell display lease perform rent

Public DomainWorks not covered by intellectual property

rights◦Property rights have expired [1]

◦Property rights are forfeited or unclaimed.[2]

Examples:◦The English language◦The Works of Shakespeare◦The Bible◦Math formulas

Fair UseA doctrine in U. S. copyright law that allows

limited use of copyrighted material without requiring permission from the rights holders, such as for commentary, criticism, news reporting, research, teaching, or scholarship.

Software Licenses

When you purchase software for the computer, you’re not buying the software itself, but the right to use it (also called a license).

Freeware or Open Source• A freeware software license grants recipients the rights to modify and redistribute the software, which would otherwise be prohibited by copyright law and is really what copyright is all about.

• You get the software for free or sometimes for a small fee.

Often considered Public Domain

Proprietary or RegularYou can purchase, use, and install the full version of software on one or sometimes more computers, but ownership of each copy remains with the software publisher.

Shareware or TrialYou can use the proprietary software on a trial basis and purchase it at the end of the trial period. (Some features may be disabled until you purchase the full version.)

End-User License Agreement (EULA)

2.1 General Use. You may install and use one copy of the Software on up to the Permitted Number of your compatible Computers.

I AgreeWhen you install the program, you agree to abide by the EULA, a legally-binding contract.

All Rights Reserved Copyrightthe copyright holder reserves, or holds for their own use, all the rights provided by copyright law, such as distribution, performance, and creation of derivative works

Copyright Infringement - Piracy

Stealing intellectual property Making illegal copies of CDs,

movies, software, pictures, etc. is called Piracy.

Piracy is a federal crime with serious penalties.

Conviction of a FIRST offense can result in a fine up to $250,000 and a jail sentence of up to five years.

Plagiarism“Use or close imitation of the language and thoughts of

another author and the representation of them as one's own original work.” [1]

People who create “intellectual property” need to be given credit for their efforts

This applies to:◦music◦writing◦art◦designs◦ideas

Citing Electronic Sources

Is it okay to use other people’s information without giving them credit?

No!

Citing Sources

You are allowed to paraphrase or quote if you don’t change the meaning, but you must give proper credit to the author. (Create a References or Works Cited page).

Acceptable Use Policy

An Acceptable Use Policy or AUP is a policy that is established by the computer owners regarding acceptable use of that computer.

Purpose of an AUPSet of Rules applied by the

owner/manager of a network, website, or a large computer system that restrict the ways in which the network site or system may be used.

AHS’s AUPAHS has an Acceptable Use Policy.You and your parent/guardian signed the AUP giving you access to the Internet and school’s computers.

What Did I Agree To?Do’s

Use computers for school-related assignmentsFollow basic netiquette

Don’tsDo not access chat rooms, personal email, or Instant MessengerDo not access or distribute inappropriate materials (pornography, obscene, or threatening material)Do not engage in illegal activitiesDo not change settings/configuration of computer

What is Private and Public Information?

Public vs. Private Info.

Public Information◦Information that can be used without

permission.Private Information

◦Information that cannot be used without your permission.

Public or Private?

Public Private

Full Name

Phone Number Home Address

GradesMedical Records

Is It Ethical?

AprilApril found some great

information on the Internet for her report. She only paraphrased a small amount of the material and doesn’t want to cite the source. Is this ethical?

NO! This is called plagiarism. You have to give credit where it’s due.

Tyler

Tyler likes his friend Bill’s computer game. Tyler borrows it from Bill to install it on Tyler’s computer at home. Is this ethical?

No! Most software license agreements allow software to be installed on only one computer at a time.

ToddTodd copied images off of

a freeware clip art site to put on his own homepage. Is it ethical?

Yes! But Todd should see if the site requires anything. Some ask that you provide a link back to their clip art site.

LynnLynn downloaded some songs for free from U2s

latest CD from a file-sharing server on the Internet. Is it ethical?

No, Downloading copyrighted materialwithout permission/purchasing it is unethical and illegal.

RickRick got a list of

written ideas for a new computer program from his coworker, Jason. Jason gave Rick permission to share the ideas at a company meeting. Is it ethical?

YES. Rick had Jason’s permission to use the information.

• Charlene bought some songs from iTunes and then burned them onto CDs to give to her three best friends. Is it ethical?

Charlene

NO! You can make one backup copy of a song or CD, but that backup copy is not to be distributed to anyone else, including family and friends.

Be EthicalDecide today to always make

ethical choices when using a computer.

Don’t we wish everyone did?

Works Cited Page1. qtd. in Stepchyshyn, Vera; Robert S. Nelson (2007). Library plagiarism

policies. Assoc of College & Resrch Libraries. p. 65. ISBN 0838984169.

2. BIS 1400 Materials. Utah State University

3. http://www.download.com

4. US Copyright Office

5. http://www.adobe.com 6. http://www.channelone.com/news/2003/09/04/file_swappers/

index.html7. Clipart from the Microsoft Office XPsuite8. Megan Hansen. “Ethics and Copyright” presentation9. Copyright Basics ·2002, the term of copyright will not expire before

December 31, 2047.10. "Fair Use." Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia. Web. 07 June 2010.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fair_Use .11. The National Center for Victims of Crime.

http://www.ncvc.org/ncvc/main.aspx?dbName=DocumentViewer&DocumentID=32458

12. ^ a b Sterling, Bruce. "Part 2(d)". The Hacker Crackdown. McLean, Virginia: IndyPublish.com. p. 61. ISBN 1-4043-0641-2.