UNIVERSIDAD ESPECIALIZADA DE LAS AMÉRICASLicenciatura en Docencia en Inglés

Conceptualizing EthicsSource

EvolutionRelations and differences between

Ethics and Morals

Designed by: PROF. ZAHIK IVAN ALVAREZTranslated by: PROF. FELIPE DEGRACIA P.

Etymologically, it comes from the Greek word ETHOS, that means action, customs, habits, way of being, character.

Etymologically, it comes from the Greek word ETHOS, that means action, customs, habits, way of being, character.

DEFINITION: SCIENCE (ART), which studies the FAIR AND PROPER behavior of a PERSON

IN SOCIETY.

DEFINITION: SCIENCE (ART), which studies the FAIR AND PROPER behavior of a PERSON

IN SOCIETY.

CONCEPT OF ETHICS

Scientific theory orthe evolution of species

Ethics governs human relations

ORIGIN OF ETHICS

Creationist theory

or divine

Evolution of Ethics

OLD AGE

-There existed a polytheistic practice which governed personal actions of people and the rulers.- The human mind was focused on explaining the origin of all things, and why they exist, but without disregarding the rules and obedience to the gods.- The social order required the existence of coercive laws, such as code Amhurabi (eye for eye, tooth for tooth)

-There existed a polytheistic practice which governed personal actions of people and the rulers.- The human mind was focused on explaining the origin of all things, and why they exist, but without disregarding the rules and obedience to the gods.- The social order required the existence of coercive laws, such as code Amhurabi (eye for eye, tooth for tooth)

Middle ageMiddle age

Early ChristianityPatristics

Scholasticism

Early ChristianityPatristics

Scholasticism

- There is a new conception of man and world, and not cosmological but created by one single God.-There was a great conflict for power, religious overtonesThe influence of the doctrine of Christ marks the beginning of a new era. Although the gap between strong and weak remains.-It is known as the age of maturity.

- There is a new conception of man and world, and not cosmological but created by one single God.-There was a great conflict for power, religious overtonesThe influence of the doctrine of Christ marks the beginning of a new era. Although the gap between strong and weak remains.-It is known as the age of maturity.

Evolution of Ethics

Modern Age Evolution of Ethics

It frees human thought and brakes historical taboos.

The church is divided and its power is weakened.

Scientific knowledge is strengthened.

Private property and commerce emerge.

Fragmented States come up.

It frees human thought and brakes historical taboos.

The church is divided and its power is weakened.

Scientific knowledge is strengthened.

Private property and commerce emerge.

Fragmented States come up.

French Revolution

Industrial revolution

Modern Times

-Human thought becomes more demanding and transcends boundaries.-There is a constant struggle for equality and non-oppression.-Human rights are enacted as the culmination of the values that exist in each person-It gives a greater participation of women in all business and governmental activities.- The very search for better days, has led people to confront the destruction of their habitat.

-Human thought becomes more demanding and transcends boundaries.-There is a constant struggle for equality and non-oppression.-Human rights are enacted as the culmination of the values that exist in each person-It gives a greater participation of women in all business and governmental activities.- The very search for better days, has led people to confront the destruction of their habitat.

Evolution of Ethics

Today we are ourselves with our own thinking and always

trying to act like humans

Discipline Difference Relation Object of Study

- It is a normative science.- It studies the moral behavior of the person.

- The one has no reason to be without the other, both

need each other.The fair and proper conduct of the person as morality.

Ethics -It raises the standards to be implemented.

- Ethics needs of moralto draw conclusions,explain, elaborate their hypotheses and theories.

Moral- It is not a science in itself. Itis merely descriptive. - Moral is the base on which

It is not a Science, because

It is the Ethics object of study. Ethics develops its the Science that studies the moral norms

-It determines whether the conduct meets the standards.

Theories.

or the valuesis Axiology.

Ethics normativism

Objective standards Subjective and objective standards Subjective Norms Subjective Norms

LEGAL RELIGIOUS MORAL Social Use

Regulate human external behavior.

Regulate human internal behavior.

Regulate human external behavior.

Regulate human external and internal behavior.

Govern in a specific region.Govern all mankind

(Hum. Rel. of faithful)

Govern all mankind. Govern all the humankind, but culturally determined by

traditions or religion.

Disobedience bringsPenalty

Disobedience bringssin.

Disobedience bringsremorse and social

sanction

Disobedience brings social rejection.

Are defied by the force of the obligation. payment

Are defied by the force of the obligation (payment

Are freely and consciously abide

It is freely abide by education or culture,

traditions and religion.

They come from the StateCome from God (and from the religion of deboters and

ministers)

Come from the Social usage.

Come from Education , tradition and religion.

They are in the Constitution, codes, decretes and legal

basements.

Are part of religious content according to the doctrine

itself.

Are in the people´s mind.It is explained by the

Axiology.

Are in the books, bible, magazines, encyclopedias,

etc.

They are object of changeEthernal (human believes

can change)

Are autonomous and permanent

Correspond to traditions of people, and their

education.

AIMS OF AIMS OF ETHICSETHICS

APPLIED ETHICSAPPLIED ETHICSAPPLIED ETHICSAPPLIED ETHICS

THE PERTINENT AND POSITIVE ATTITUDETHE PERTINENT AND POSITIVE ATTITUDEOF EVERY PERSON WILL TRANSFORM THE SOCIETYOF EVERY PERSON WILL TRANSFORM THE SOCIETY

THE PERTINENT AND POSITIVE ATTITUDETHE PERTINENT AND POSITIVE ATTITUDEOF EVERY PERSON WILL TRANSFORM THE SOCIETYOF EVERY PERSON WILL TRANSFORM THE SOCIETY