CLASS 9: EWRT 2

Agenda•Writing Workshop: Revision strategies•Skill Review: •Integrating quotations•Citing summarized material•MLA formatting•Works Cited page

•Teams

On separate sheets of paper, answer all of the questions from the handout for your partner’s essays. •When you finish, return your comments to the writers.

Writing Workshop: Peer Review: 50 minutes

Get into pairsRead both essays aloud before you start to write about or discuss the essays.

INTEGRATING QUOTATIONS

Integrating Short Quotations • To indicate short quotations (fewer than four typed lines of prose or three lines of verse) in your text, enclose the quotation within double quotation marks. Provide the author and specific page citation (in the case of verse, provide line numbers) in the text, and include a complete reference on the Works Cited page. Punctuation marks such as periods, commas, and semicolons should appear after the parenthetical citation. Question marks and exclamation points should appear within the quotation marks if they are a part of the quoted passage but after the parenthetical citation if they are a part of your text.

For example, when quoting short passages of prose, use the following examples:•Noye reveals to Jon what his new brothers think of him: “No. They hate you because you act like you’re better than they are. They look at you and see a castle-bred bastard who thinks he’s a lordling” (126).

•Despite Jon’s sincere attempt to console Catelyn, she responds by saying, “I need none of your absolution, bastard” (67).

• “The direwolf graces the banners of the House Stark [...] I am no Stark, Father” (19), explains Jon when there are not enough pups for every single child.

Long Quotations

• For quotations that extend to more than four lines of verse or prose, place quotations in a free-standing block of text and omit quotation marks. Start the quotation on a new line, with the entire quote indented one inch (10 spaces) from the left margin; maintain double-spacing. Only indent the first line of the quotation by an additional quarter inch if you are citing multiple paragraphs. Your parenthetical citation should come after the closing punctuation mark. When quoting verse, maintain original line breaks. (You should maintain double-spacing throughout your essay.)

Throughout the book it is  clear that Cersei and her twin Jamie have an incestuous relationship. She is not ashamed and shows no form of regret. In fact, she stands up for it with much pride through her narration:

Since we were children together [we have had sex]. And why not? The Targaryens wed brother to sister for three hundred years, to keep the bloodlines pure. And Jamie and I are more than brother and sister. We are one person in two bodies. We shared a womb together. He came into this world holding my foot, our old master said. When he is in me, I feel… whole. (405)

Cersei seems to be in love with him. However, from her description of how they are “one person in two bodies,” it also seems as if she sees Jamie  as a reflection of who she could have been had she been born a man.     

According to the St. Martin's Guide, there are three main ways to set up a signaling phrase: 1. With a complete sentence followed by a colon. 2. With an incomplete sentence, followed by a comma. 3. With a statement that ends in that.

You can, however, build your own signal phrases by mixing these three basic styles with different verbs:   admits  agrees  argues  asserts  believes claims   compares  confirms  contends  declares  denies emphasizes  insists  notes  observes  points out  reasons  refutes  rejects   responds  replies   suggests  thinks  writes 

MLA style: Integrating quotations

Periods & CommasColons & Semi-colons

Periods and CommasThey go inside the quotation marks even if there is no period or comma at the end of the quoted material in the original text.  Exception: If there is a parenthetical citation immediately after the quote, the period or comma goes after the parenthetical citation.Colons & Semi-colons

Colons and semi-colons always go outside the quotation, even if the original quoted material ends with either form of punctuation.

• If the original quote ends with an exclamation mark or a question mark, we must include it inside the quotation marks.  • ORIGINAL TEXT: 

Will not a righteous God visit for these things? • QUOTED TEXT: 

When Douglass asks, "Will not a righteous God visit for these things?" he raises the question of doubt about the future salvation of the "Christian" slaveholders. • Notice that we don't put a comma after the question mark, even though

normally we would if there were not a question mark. We omit the comma to avoid double punctuation.  • If we want to use a quoted statement in a question or exclamation we

create, then the question mark or the exclamation mark goes outside the quotation marks. • ORIGINAL TEXT:

The grave is at the door. (FD 38)  • QUOTED TEXT:

How can we take Douglass seriously when he indulges in excessively romanticized language such as "The grave is at the door"?

Question Marks & Exclamation Points

Remembering just a few simple rules can help you use the correct punctuation as you introduce quotations.

oRule 1: Complete sentence: "quotation." (If you use a complete sentence to introduce a quotation, use a colon (:) just before the quotation.)o Rule 2: Someone says, "quotation." (If the word just before the quotation is a verb indicating someone uttering the quoted words, use a comma. Examples include the words "says," "said," "states," "asks," and "yells." oRule 3: Ending with that “quotation.” (There is no punctuation if the word "that" comes just before the quotation, as in "the narrator says that.") oAnd remember that a semicolon (;) never is used to introduce quotations.

Avoiding Grammatical Tangles

•When you incorporate quotations into your writing, and especially when you omit words from quotations, you run the risk of creating ungrammatical sentences. Three common errors you should try to avoid are verb incompatibility, ungrammatical omissions, and sentence fragments.

Verb Incompatibility. •When this error occurs, the verb form in the introductory statement is grammatically incompatible with the verb form in the quotation. When your quotation has a verb form that does not fit in with your text, it is usually possible to use just part of the quotation, thus avoiding verb incompatibility.

As this sentence illustrates, use the present tense when you refer to events in a literary work.

Ungrammatical Omission. • Sometimes omitting text from a quotation leaves you with an

ungrammatical sentence. Two ways of correcting the grammar are (1) adapting the quotation (with brackets) so that its parts fit together grammatically and (2) using only one part of the quotation.

CITING SUMMARIZED MATERIAL

Using Summarized Material. • Summarizing involves putting an idea into your own words. Summaries are significantly shorter than an original text. It is a good idea to summarize material when you want to briefly discuss the main idea(s) of a longer piece. Summarizing allows you to discuss central points without reproducing multiple quotation from a single source. Remember, it is necessary to attribute summarized ideas to the original source; that is, you must cite even summarized material.

Citing Summarized Material

The journey is long and painful, especially for Daenerys since she is not yet a strong rider. Her body is sore and bleeding at the end of each day (228).

MLA FORMATTING: NOT A CHOICE: A WAY OF LIFE!

Last name P#

MLA format: on our website: “Writing Support”: “MLA Formatting Video.”There are also links to the new De Anza information literacy videos at the bottom of the website. Take a look at the one called “Citations” for more help with MLA formatting.

MLA (Modern Language Association) style is most commonly used to write papers and cite sources within the liberal arts and humanities.

MLA style specifies guidelines for formatting manuscripts and using the English language in writing. MLA style also provides writers with a system for referencing their sources through parenthetical citation in their essays and Works Cited pages.

Writers who properly use MLA also build their credibility by demonstrating accountability to their source material. Most importantly, the use of MLA style can protect writers from accusations of plagiarism, which is the purposeful or accidental uncredited use of source material by other writers.

http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/747/01/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8xAc4yZ8VSA

THE WORKS CITED PAGE

Creating a Works Cited list using the eighth editionFrom Purdue Online Writing Lab: https://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/747/01/

MLA has turned to a style of documentation that is based on a general method that may be applied to every possible source, to many different types of writing. But since texts have become increasingly mobile, and the same document may be found in several different sources, following a set of fixed rules is no longer sufficient.

The current system is based on a few principles, rather than an extensive list of specific rules. While the handbook still gives examples of how to cite sources, it is organized according to the process of documentation, rather than by the sources themselves. This process teaches writers a flexible method that is universally applicable. Once you are familiar with the method, you can use it to document any type of source, for any type of paper, in any field.

Here is an overview of the process:

When deciding how to cite your source, start by consulting the list of core elements. These are the general pieces of information that MLA suggests including in each Works Cited entry. In your citation, the elements should be listed in the following order:

Author.Title of source.Title of container,Other contributors,Version,Number,Publisher,Publication date,Location.

Each element should be followed by the punctuation mark shown here. Earlier editions of the handbook included the place of publication, and required punctuation such as journal editions in parentheses, and colons after issue numbers. In the current version, punctuation is simpler (just commas and periods separate the elements), and information about the source is kept to the basics.

1” Margins all around

Alphabetical Order Title Centered

Five spaces

Works Cited

Last Name 1

Bagchi, Alaknanda. "Conflicting Nationalisms: The Voice of the Subaltern in

Mahasweta Devi's Bashai Tudu." Tulsa Studies in Women's Literature, vol.

15, no. 1, 1996, pp. 41-50.

The Bible. Authorized King James Version, Oxford UP, 1998.

Henley, Patricia. The Hummingbird House. MacMurray, 1999.

Zinkievich, Craig. Interview by Gareth Von Kallenbach. Skewed & Reviewed, 27

Apr. 2009,

www.arcgames.com/en/games/star-trek-online/news/detail/1056940-

skewed-%2526-reviewed-interviews-craig. Accessed 15 Mar. 2009.

Website

Book

Periodical

Specific version

Basic Book Format

The author’s name or a book with a single author's name appears in last name, first name format. The basic form for a book citation is:

Last Name, First Name. Title of Book. Publisher, Publication Date.Gleick, James. Chaos: Making a New Science. Penguin, 1987.

A Work in an Anthology, Reference, or Collection

Works may include an essay in an edited collection or anthology, or a chapter of a book. The basic form is for this sort of citation is as follows:

Last name, First name. "Title of Essay." Title of Collection, edited by Editor's Name(s), Publisher, Year, Page range of entry.

Harris, Muriel. "Talk to Me: Engaging Reluctant Writers." A Tutor's Guide: Helping Writers One to One, edited by Ben Rafoth, Heinemann, 2000, pp. 24-34.

Changing Teams!1. Your teams can be made up of 3 or 4

people.

2. The teams will remain the same through the discussion of material for one essay.

3. You must change at least half of your team after each essay.

4. You may never have a new team composed of more than 50% of any prior team.

The second essay consists of three class discussions: Lao-Tzu, Machiavelli, and the application of the two philosophers’ ideas to A Game of Thrones.

If you can’t find a team, please raise your hand and I will assist you. From A World of Ideas: Government: Lao-Tzu "Thoughts

from the Tao-te Ching” (19-31), divide up the Questions for Critical Reading on page 31. Post

your response under your own username.

• Using the comments you received from your readers, revise your draft. Consider carefully what each person had to say. Improve your essay!

• Post #16: Introductions and Conclusions

• Read A World of Ideas: Government: Lao-Tzu "Thoughts from the Tao-te Ching” (19-31). • Post #17 Questions (TBD based on teams) for Critical Reading:

(page 31) or QHQ Lao-Tzu

• Essay #1:due via Kaizena Friday, week 5 at noon.

Here is your Homework!