© 2009 Aker Solutions part of Aker

Examples of Flow Assurance and Dynamic Simulations in Aker SolutionsTore BergeManager FADS Stavanger

Stavanger 31.05.2011

© 2009 Aker Solutions part of Aker

New Pipelines / reservoirs

■ Selecting pipeline diameter● Inlet and outlet pressures● Pressure drops● Unstable flow regimes / slugging

■ Insulation and heating● Hydrate and wax formation● Inlet and outlet temperatures

■ Turndown■ Start-up■ Blow down

■ Production envelope (robustness)● Impact of various rates, pressures and temperatures

Typical for Hasselmus (Shell), Eldfisk (CoP) and Maria (Wintershall)

Maria-Heidrun pipeline transportation characteristicTotal mass rate as function of pipeline ID and flowing wellhead pressure

Based on year 2020 composition - Year 2020 profile rate ~ 98 kg/s

40

60

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100

120

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160

180

200

9 10 11 12 13 14

Pipeline ID [inch]To

tal m

ass

rate

[kg/

s]

75 bara100 bara125 bara2020 profile rate

© 2009 Aker Solutions part of Aker

Start-up conditions evaluations

■ Temperature gradient propagation in reservoir and formation■ Lift gas impact■ Hydrate issues■ Chemical injection■ Material design temperatures (Wellhead, Template & Pipeline)■ Topside inlet temperatures

Typical Eldfisk (CoP), Hasselmus (Shell) and Gyda (BP)

Hasselmus Well Start-UpTubing inner wall temperature, 355 m below sea bed

320 m formation layer included in model

0

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70

0,001 0,01 0,1 1 10 100

Time [days]

Tem

pera

ture

[°C]

Initial no-flow temperature

Final steady state production temperature

© 2009 Aker Solutions part of Aker

Pipeline depressurisation (blow down)

■ Hydrates■ Flare capacity■ Topside liquid handling capacity■ Low temperatures and material design temperatures (Topside)

Typical Oselvar (DONG), Hasselmus (Shell), Gudrun (Statoil), Snorre B (Statoil)

© 2009 Aker Solutions part of Aker

Production Interaction from multiple wells

■ Impact from different wells● Pressure build up and closing

of wells● Unstable flows● Density variations

Typical Valhall (BP), Eldfisk (CoP)

© 2009 Aker Solutions part of Aker

Changes in Operating Conditions (“Operating envelope”)

■ Reservoir / Production composition■ Lift gas■ Peak rates■ Low pressure production in receiving facilities (IOR)■ “Late life” operation■ Trouble shooting

Typical Valhall (BP), Eldfisk (CoP), EKOM (CoP)

© 2009 Aker Solutions part of Aker

Slug and relief impact on Topside equipment, piping and support■ Reaction forces on pipe support and equipment■ Separator / Vessel liquid handling capacity■ Pumping / removal of liquid from vessels

Typical Eldfisk (CoP), Snorre (Statoil), Valhall (BP)

© 2009 Aker Solutions part of Aker

■ Define Scenarios included Topside Process operating dynamics■ Evaluate Primary and Secondary safety barriers■ Compare Accidental pressures to System Design Pressures■ Check Flare capacity

Typical Snorre (Statoil), Ekofisk / Eldfisk (CoP), Grane (Statoil)

Choke failure or valve mal-operation

© 2009 Aker Solutions part of Aker

Flare Capacity

■ Dynamic simulations included friction and buffers (e.g. vessels)● Reduced peak flows

Typical Snorre B (Statoil), “Special cases” (Statoil)

Choke 3 x CV=36Dynamic simulation

Max gas rate, flare: 214 000 kg/hMax pressure, KO-drum: 1.6 bara

Static simulationMax gas rate: Approximately 500 000 kg/h

© 2009 Aker Solutions part of Aker

Other Topside dynamic simulations

■ Start of pumps (pressure peaks)■ Heat-exchanger leaks (tube rupture)■ Compressor operation (anti surge…)■ Flare system■ Unstable flow in steam waste heat recovery■ Gas blowby■ Depressurisation of Topside segments (Equipment & piping)■ …………

“The World is Dynamic”

© 2009 Aker Solutions part of Aker

STATUS – Flow Assurance and Dynamic simulations (FADS)■ Organisation in Stavanger

● 10 members from the process discipline (”multi-skill” between process and flow assurance / dynamic simulations)

● Participate in Front end studies and Projects

■ Main co-operation parties● Aker Solutions in Oslo, Bergen

and Kristiansund● Aker Solutions – Subsea

■ Recent clients in Stavanger● BP● Statoil● ConocoPhillips● Shell● Wintershall● Gassco

Grane Long Wells

Snorre B Overpressure protection

Eldfisk Slug evaluations

KvitebjKvitebjøørn rn Wet gas PipelineWet gas Pipeline

Troll Troll Wet gas PipelineWet gas Pipeline

Sture Flash drum

Valhall pipeline Start-up

Eldfisk Blowdownevaluations

© 2009 Aker Solutions part of Aker

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© 2009 Aker Solutions part of Aker

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