04/10/2012

Ing Johan Bonnier, MSc

Recuwatt Conference Recycling and Energy

EXPERIENCES OF CITIES

General aspects of waste management in

Europe, Belgium, Flanders

Content

2

Introduction Imog as part of Flanders (Intermunicipality)

Imog as part of Belgium (BW2E)

Collection of Waste Door to Door

Kerbside Collection

Civic Aminety Sites

Treatment of Waste Imog Harelbeke

Imog Moen

Facts & Figures Step by step (historical approach)

Imog / Flemish / EU - figures

Introduction: Imog is part of Flanders

is part Belgium (BW2E)

Imog : A intermunicipal cooperation for waste management

Belgium: 3 regions

30.000 km²

11.000.000 inhabitants

Working location: South West of Flandres

11 communities

387 km²

229 946 inhabitants

Foundation: 09/09/1969

Start Operations: 1976

ISO 14001 and ISO 9001 certified

3

Selective door-to-door collection :

Paper and cardboard every two weeks

Packaging waste (PMC) every two weeks

‘Residual waste’ every week

Collection of Waste Door to Door

4

Kerbside collection on-demand:

Bulky waste collection on demand

Demolition waste collection

Garden waste bin collection

Asbestos cement collection

Compost delivery 5

Collection of Waste Kerside collection on demand

16 Amenity Sites in 11 communities

40 waste fractions :

1) Bulky waste

Construction and demolition waste

Asbestos cement products

Green Waste

Wood

2) Hazardous waste

Cooking oils, motor oils

Fluorescent lamps

Batteries (cars and dry batteries

Metals

Car and Bicycle tyres

Environmental street

(PC, LDPE, PS, PP, HDPE, EPS, …)

WEEE (Electrical appliances)

Cooling and freezing app.

Large electric devices

Small devices

screens

Textile

Glass (bottles – plain window glass)

Packaging (PMC)

Paper

Gypsum

2 Amenity Site for SMEs

300 Bottle banks

Collection of Waste

6

1) Pay as you

throw

2) Free of charge

Prevention and Re-use

Home composting

About 25.000 composting bins (25-30 % of households)

communication, training

About 1 compost master per 1,000 inhabitants (> 230 voluntary

compost masters

Reuse centres (social employment)

Communication campaigns (post, schools, events, shops…)

Face-to-face : 5.000 visitors

Print Media (own waste newspaper) and Television spots

Stickers against publicity magazines, leaflets...

Application of the principle “the polluter pays”

7

Collection of Waste

Re-use center

8

Collection of Waste

General sensitization

9

Collection of Waste

• Household Waste Incineration 65.000 T

with energy recuperation 35.000 MWh

• PMC- sorting center for packaging material 4.000 T

• Paper and Cardboard sorting centre 25.000 T

• Plastic Recycling 1.300 T

• Amenity Site for SMEs

• Depot dead pets

• Photovoltaïc panels on the roofs

Imog Harelbeke

Treatment of waste Imog - activities

10

Imog incineration

11

Treatment of Waste

9

Imog incineration

12

Treatment of Waste

Imog Sorting center

10 13

Treatment of Waste

• Landfill disposal of untreated waste 30.000 T

• Clay exploitation (until 2013) 350.000 m3

• Waste water purification

• Green composting and peat free potting compost (soil) 30.000 T

• Bulky Waste and wood sorting center 30.000 T

• Biomass and material center 30.000 T

• Solar panels park 1,5 ha

• Clustering of household hazardous waste (batteries,

paint residues, oils, …

• Clustering of WEEE (Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment) 700 T

• Street cleaning service

• Natural dewatering of sediments

• Reverse logistics and transport by ship

Imog Moen

Imog - activities

14

Treatment of Waste

Treatment of waste Organic waste treatment

15

16

Treatment of waste

Imog – landfill

16

17

Treatment of waste

Imog – landfill

Facts & Figures Step by step (but in the right way)

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1804

Code Napoléon

Dumping sites

become a problem

Foundation of Imog

1977

Incineration plant

as a solution to

dumpingsites for

domestic waste

1900

1987

09/09/1969 1981

Flemish Waste

legislation and

administration

(Ovam)

Civic Aminety

sites

5 waste streams

Sanitary

intermunicipal

landfill

1985

Introduction of taxes

on landfill and

incineration

1988

“oil crisis” :

Incineration plant

equiped with

boiler and

turbine/alternator

Facts & Figures Step by step (but in the right way)

19

“Acid Rain”

Incineration

plant upgrade

with 3 stage wet-

scrubber

Sorting plant for packaging (F+)

For paper and board and for plastics Landfill ban for

recycable waste and

waste that can be

incinerated

Dioxins : retrofit of

incineration plant

with DeDiox and

DeNox

1999 1994

1990

Composting

plant for

garden waste

Producers responsability (Fost Plus)

Seperate collection of packaging paper and board

Collection of glass bottles in containers

Seperate collection of chemical

waste on civic aminety sites

1996

Incineration ban

on recyclables

Facts & Figures Step by step (but in the right way)

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Introduction of “pay as you throw”

On civic waste amenity sites

Partly free of charge

For 7 waste streams a differentiated

gate fea (kg x €/kg)

2000

Integrated waste treatment plant :

- Sorting line for wood

- Sorting line for bulky waste

- Clustering for domestic chemical waste

- Composting plant

- Sanitary landfill

2005 2011-2012

2004

Introduction of the

environmental street on

civic amenity sites

Incineration plant = R1 Waste

according EU guideline of

waste framework

Photovoltaïc panels and

‘natural dewatering of

sediments‘ on closed

landfill parts

Facts & Figures The EU-Waste hierarchy in the Imog-region

1997 199919951993 2001 2003 2007

6 00

5 00

4 00

3 00

2 00

1 00

02005 2009 20101991

2009 2010

kg HH 470 449

kg restafval 150 145

kg selectief 320 304

kg compostering 82 72

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Facts & Figures Taxes on solid waste in Flanders

throughout the years

Vl. Parl.

22/10/1986

1987 1997 2005 2006 2007 2012

€/ton €/ton €/ton €/ton €/ton €/ton

Incineration 0,5

5,95

12,5* 6,8 7 7 7,8

Disposal Household waste 1

combustible 2,5 53,97 61,82 63,6 75 84

Non combustible 0,5 40 45

* = without energy recovery

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Facts & Figures Taxes on final disposal in the EU

€/ton Landfill tax Landfill ban for Incineration tax Incineration ban

Belgium Flanders C: 84€ I: 45€ Combustible &

Recyclable waste

7,8 € Recyclable

Belgium Wallonia 65€ Ha: 67€ Combustible 6 €(8,1 in 2013)

Belgium Brussels Inapplicable Inapplicable 6 €(starting 2013)

France 32€ + biogas 20€ 2 € Iso/NOx/R1 7

Germany Inapplicable Landfill ban 0

The Netherlands 107,49€ Landfill ban 0

UK C: 35,2€ I: 3,7€ Planned 0

Switserland 12,9€ I: 9,7€ Landfill ban 0

C = Combustible waste

Ha = Hazardous waste

I = Inert waste

Ho = Household waste 23

€/ton Landfill tax Landfill ban Incineration tax Incenration ban

Austria 87€ combustible

ex. MBT

7€

Denmark 63€ Combustible 40-50 € ifv energie recup. en CO2

Finland 30€ Organic 2016

Sweden 40€ Comb. Organic 10 €(50 enkel warmte)

Norway C 50 I : 30 Combustible 11€ (voor CO2 en emissies)

Italy Ho : 25€

C : 5à10€

I : 1€

0

Ireland 30€ (50 2012 ?) Planned

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C = Combustible waste

Ha = Hazardous waste

I = Inert waste

Ho = Household waste

Facts & Figures Taxes on final disposal in the EU

Facts & Figures Municipal waste treatment in 2010

EU 27 Source: EUROSTAT 2010

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Waste framework Directive

Facts & Figures Municipal waste treatment in 2010

EU 27 Source: EUROSTAT 2010

Facts & Figures

Waste Hierarchy and Landfilling in EU

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• Waste-to-Energy Plants operating in Europe

(not including hazardous waste incineration plants)

• Waste thermally treated in Waste-to-Energy plants

in million tons

Facts & Figures Waste-to-Energy in Europe in 2009

Finland 3 0.3

Sweden 31 4.7

Norway 20 1.0

Estonia

Latvia

Lithuania Denmark 31 3.5

United Kingdom 23 3.4

Ireland

Netherlands 12 6.3

Belgium 16 2.8

Germany 70 19.1

Poland* 1 0.04

France 130 13.7

Luxembourg* 1 0.1

Czech Republic 3 0.4 Slovakia*

2 0.2 Austria

14 2.21

Switzerland 28 3.6

Hungary 1 0.4

Slovenia* 1 0.01

Romania

Bulgaria

Greece

Spain 10 2.2

Portugal 3 1.1

Italy 49 4.5

Data supplied by CEWEP members

unless specified otherwise

* From Eurostat

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ISWA WORLD CONGRESS 2015

ANTWERP, BELGIUM

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Thank you for you attention.

Questions ?

Source : “Honderd jaar heren van de reiniging” – NVRD

Asia : 2011 Early 20th century