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The French Revolution

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Absolute monarchs didnt

share power with a

counsel or parliament

Divine Right of Kings

Absolutism

King James I of England

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The Seigneurial System

Feudal method of land

ownership and

organization

Peasant labor

Receiving a seigneurial grant

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Ruled from 16431715

Reduced the power of

the nobility

Fought four wars

Greatly increased

Frances national debt

Louis XIV

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Louis XV

War fought in Europe, India, North America

France ends up losing some of its colonial possessions

Increases French national debt

The Seven Years War

Louis XV French and

English

troops fight

at the battle

of Fort St.Philip on

the island

of Minorca

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First Estate: clergy

Second Estate:

nobility

Third Estate: the

rest of society

The Estates General

The Three Estates

Cartoon depicting the three Estates

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Taxation

Crop failures

The Third Estate

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New ideas

about

society andgovernment

The social

contract

The Enlightenment

John LockeJean-Jacques Rousseau

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France supported the

colonists against Great

Britain

Revolutionary ideals

The American Revolution

Marquis de Lafayette

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Jacques Necker

Tax on property

Calling of the EstatesGeneral

Financial Crisis

Finance Minister Jacques Necker

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One vote per

estate

Clergy and

nobility usuallyjoined together

to outvote the

Third Estate

Met in Versaillesin May 1789

Voting

controversy

The Estates General

A meeting of the Estates General

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The Third Estate

took action and

established its

own government

On June 17, 1789,

the National

Assembly was

formed

The National Assembly

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Louis XVI

ordered the

Third Estate

locked out ofthe National

Assemblys

meeting hall

The TennisCourt Oath

The king

reverses his

positionArtist Jacques Louis Davids depiction of the Tennis Court Oath

Confrontation With the King

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Rioting in Paris

in early July

Firing of Necker

July 14th: a mob

storms and takes

the Bastille

Storming of the Bastille

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Rebellion spreads

Peasants destroy

the countryside

End of feudalprivileges

The Great Fear

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Adopted by NationalAssembly on August 27th

Enlightenment ideals Outlined basic freedoms

held by all

Asserted the sovereignty of

the people Libert, Egalit,

Fraternit

The Declaration of the Rights

of Man and Citizen

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Lower classes

still unsatisfied

Thousands of

starving womenand peasants

march on

Versailles

Louis forced toreturn to Paris

The March of Women

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Financial crisis

National

Assembly

confiscates and

sells off church

lands

Church also

secularized,reorganized

Clergy oath of

loyalty

Civil Constitution of the Clergy

Cartoon depicting the confiscation of Church lands

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migrs

Louis XVI and his

family attempted toflee France

They were arrested

at Varennes

Flight of the King

The capture of Louis XVI at Varennes

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Declaration of

Pillnitz

Possible foreign

intervention

Reaction from Other Countries

Illustration

depicting

Prussian King

Frederick

William III,Austrian

Emperor

Leopold II, and

the Comte

dArtois, Louis

XVIs brother

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New Constitution

Constitutional

monarchy

New Legislative

Assembly

Sans-culottes

Painting depicting the 1791 constitution

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War With Austria

France

declares war

War of the

First

Coalition

Levee enmasse

Painting of the Battle of Valmy, 1792

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Paris mob

stormed

Tuileries

Louis and

family seek

aid of

Legislative

Assembly Arrested and

deposed

The Radicals Take Over

Paris crowds storm the Tuileries

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First met on

September 21, 1792

Revolutionary

Calendar

Monarchy

abolished; France

officially becomes

a republic

Factions: Jacobins

vs. Girondins

The National Convention

A Jacobin club

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Jean-Paul Marat

Georges Danton

Leaders in the

National Convention

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Lawyer

Radical Jacobin

Most controversial figure

of the French Revolution

Robespierre

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The Guillotine

Dr. Joseph Guillotin

Intended as a more

humane method of

execution Thousands guillotined

during the French

Revolution

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On January 17,

1793, Louis XVI

was convicted of

treason

He went to the

guillotine four days

later on January 21,

1793

Execution of the King

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Created to cease

an internal

rebellion in 1793 Given dictatorial

power

Ruled France for

nearly a year

The Committee of Public

Safety

A citizen petitions the Committee of Public Safety

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July 1793

July 1794

Executions

Death of

Robespierre

The Reign of Terror

The execution of Marie Antoinette

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Robespierreoverthrown on 9Thermidor

Committee of PublicSafety dismantled

Jacobin clubsdisbanded

New constitutionadopted in August1795

Executive branchknown as the Directory

The Thermidorean Reaction

9 Thermidor meeting of the National Convention

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Promoted middle class

interests

Financial crisis

Food shortages

Riots in Paris

Rise of Napoleon

The Directory

Cartoon

depicting the

errors and bad

judgment of

the Directory

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Popularity rises after

victories over the Austrians

Conflict with Britain 1799 Coup detat

The Consulate

Napoleon Bonaparte

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1804: Napoleon crowns

himself emperor

Napoleon Becomes Emperor

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Legacies of the

French Revolution End of absolutism

Power of nobles ended

Peasants became landowners

Nationalism

Enlightenment ideals