Figure 12-2 Asian Pacific Islanders

Model Minority

Education and the economy Model Minority image - in spite of prejudice and

discrimination Asian Americans have been successful Education–viewed as overachievers Unrecognized and overlooked educational needs Under-represented on college campuses Experience stress and alienation on campus Asian Americans as group have more formal

schooling than Whites

Model Minority

Occupationally Asian Americans occupy mid-level occupations and are under-represented in top management positions in corporate America

Glass ceiling and glass wall impact on upward mobility

Small businesses Family owned and operated

Agriculture Middlemen minorities – occupy jobs within the

middle of the occupational structure

The Door Half Open

Prejudice and discrimination directed at Asian Americans

Asian Americans are often stereotyped and ignored or described in negative ways in the media Inappropriate use of cliches by reports Mistaken identity – wrong identity or nationality

The Door Half Open

Asian Americans are often stereotyped and ignored or described in negative ways in the media Overgeneralizations Ethnic slurs Inflammatory reporting Japan bashing Media invisibility Model minority

Political Activity

Politically Asian Americans tend to be less active than other subordinate groups

Function of historical influences cultural influences demographic influences

Diversity Among Asian Americans

Asian pacific islanders Census bureau lists thirty- seven groups

Diverse Historically Culturally Politically Economically

Filipino Americans

Filipino immigration largely occurred in four different periods

1. First group came in the 1920’s 2. Second group came as contract workers on sugar cane plantations and settled in Hawaii3. Third group came after World War II

4. Fourth group mostly professionals arrived under the 1965 Immigration Act

American born Filipinos tend to be educationally and economically disadvantaged in comparison to new arrivals

Lack significant ethnic organizations-function of 1. Strong loyalty to family and church

2. Diversity among Filipinos

3. Club like organization

4. Involvement outside of community

Filipino Americans

Asian Indians

Pattern of immigration1. Between 1820 and 1965 approximately 17,000 came

2. Many came under the 1965 Immigration and Naturalization Act

Tended to be better educated, urban and English speaking

The Present Picture:Asian Indians

Religious diversity Hindu Sikhs Muslims Zoroastrians

The Present Picture:Asian Indians

Religious traditions remain strong among new arrivals

Family traditions Desi Arranged marriages

Cultural conflicts

Southeast Asian Americans

Southeast Asian immigrants came largely from Vietnam Cambodia Laos

Many arrived as political refugees after the Communist take over in their respective countries

Many experienced adjustment problems culturally, and economically

Korean Americans

Pattern of immigrationFirst group of 7,000 immigrants came between

1903 and 1910 and settled and worked as laborers in Hawaii

Second group of 14,000 came after the Korean War from 1951-1964

Third group and largest group came under the 1965 Immigration Act

Korean Community

Started small businesses Family members contribute to its operation Capital investments are often obtained through the

Korean custom of the Kye

Koreans face cultural and economic adjustment problems

Korean Community

Church is the most visible and important organization outside of the family Provides a sense of community In the early 1990s, nationwide attention was given to

the friction between Korean Americans and other subordinate groups, primarily African Americans, but also Hispanics

Hawaii and its People

Ethnically diverse Whites (Haoles) Japanese Filipino Hawaiian Other Asians Hispanic Other groups

Figure 12-3 Hawaii Racial Composition

Hawaii: Historical Background

Initially populated by Polynesians First European contact in 1778

Governed by a monarchyEffect of European colonization led to civil

war and disease that resulted in the decline of the Hawaiian population

Revolution in 1893 instigated by business interests

Hawaii became a United States territorySovereignty movementCurrent race relations are improving and are

better than on the mainland

Hawaii: Historical Background