TECTONICS AND SEDIMENTATION IN RELATION TECTONICS AND SEDIMENTATION IN RELATION

TO SHALE HYDROCARBON TO SHALE HYDROCARBON IN IN INDONESIA INDONESIA

By:By:

AGUS GUNTORO

Email: guntoroagus51@yahoo.com

WORKSHOP ON SHALE GASSHALE GAS, SUMBER ENERGI ALTERNATIF MASA DEPAN

Email: guntoroagus51@yahoo.com

Jurusan Teknik Geologi, Fakultas Teknologi Mineral, Universitas Trisakt

iPomelotel Hotel, Jakarta 28 – 29 November 2012

PRESENTATION FRAMEWORKPRESENTATION FRAMEWORKPRESENTATION FRAMEWORKPRESENTATION FRAMEWORK

II. EXPLORATION CONCEPT

I. INTRODUCTION

IV. TECTONICS AND SEDIMENTATION

III. PLATE TECTONICS IN RELATION TO BASIN FORMATION

IV. TECTONICS AND SEDIMENTATION

V. CONCLUSIONS

I. INTRODUCTION

THEME : “SHALE HYDROCARBON POTENTIAL “

� FLOW OF THINKING

� SHALE GAS POTENTIAL DATA

A. BACKGROUND

EXPLORATION

TECTONICS &

SEDIMENTATION

EXPLORATION CONCEPT

NON TEHNICAL TEHNICAL

SHALE GAS SYSTEMS

DIVERSIFICATION IN EXPLORATION CONCEPT

� OIL IS FOUND IN THE MIND OF MAN

� IT IS A MATTER OF CONCEPT DEVELOPED IN ONE MIND TO

SEARCH OF HYDROCARBON

� ONE OF THE ALTERNATIVE IN RELATION TO DIVERSIFY OF

EXPLORATION CONCEPT IS TO FIND OIL AND GAS NOT IN THE

KNOWN CONVENSIONAL HYDROCARBON, BUT IN THE SO

CALLED UNCONVENSIONAL HYDROCARBON. ONE OF THEM IS

IN THE SHALE HYDROCARBON

� WHAT IS SHALE GAS???

&

B. DEFINITION

� WHAT IS THE EXPLORATION CONCEPTS ???

� &

� WHAT IS SHALE GAS SYSTEMS ???

WHAT IS SHALE GAS• Shale gas is natural gas produced from shale. Gas shales are

thought of dually system as hydrocarbon source rocks and fine-

grained tight-gas reservoirs.

• Shale gas refers to in situ hydrocarbon gas present in organic

rich, fine grained, sedimentary rocks (shale and associatedrich, fine grained, sedimentary rocks (shale and associated

lithofacies).

• Gas is generated and stored in situ in gas shales as both sorbed

gas (on organic matter) and free gas (in fractures or pores). As

such, gas shales are self-sourced reservoirs.

• Low-permeable shales require extensive fractures (natural or

induced) to produce commercial quantities of gas.

Dark beds are shale, light beds

are limestone. Part of the dark

colour in the Utica Shale

comes from organic matter. A

writing pen is shown for scale.

SHALE

HYDROCARBON

Typical of shale

Sample of shale from Utica

Shale near town of

Donnaconna, Quebec

HYDROCARBONShale rocks are formed by compaction and

because of this they tend to have low

porosity and extremely low permeability.

As a result of their physical properties,

extraction of gas from shale rocks is

challenging and requires efficient and

improved techniques, such as fracturing

and horizontal drilling.

SHALE GAS in SUB-SURFACE

A shale gas system is a self-contained source reservoir system. In

this system, shales that generated the gas also function as low

matrix permeability and low porosity reservoir rocks.

USGS 2003

DIAGRAM OF SOURCE ROCK MATURITY

Claypool (1998)

separated shale gas

systems by gas type:

Biogenic Gas,

Thermogenic Gas,

Mixed Gas.

Diagram of source rock maturity in order to generate

hydrocarbon by increasing depth and temperature

Dan Jarvie et al. (2007) classified the shale gas systems into several

types:

1. High-thermal maturity shales (e.g. Barnett Shale).

2. Low-thermal maturity shales (e.g. New Albany Shale).

3. Mixed lithology intraformational systems (e.g. Bossier Shale of

East Texas).

4. Combination plays that have both conventional and

unconventional gas production (e.g. in Woodford shale gas and

conventional gas accumulation in Anadarko Basin).

Schematic Of Oil & Gas Generation

Why is there more gas at higher thermal maturity?

S

H

A

L

E

O

I

L

S

HH

A

L

E

G

A

S

GEOLOGICAL FACTORS IN SHALE GASSTRATIGRAPHIC FACTORS� -Mineral composition

� -TOC, organic richness and type, gas content

� -Grain size

� -Bed thickness

� -Clay abundance and type

� -Porosity

� -Fractures and permeability barriers

� -Frequency of laminations

� -Small to large scale stratigraphy; paleogeography

� -Rock strength

ARE

RELA-

TED

� -Rock strength

� -Biogenic features (micro-trace fossils; micro-and macro-body fossils)

STRUCTURAL FACTORS� -Stress regime

� -Structural position and proximity both folds and faults

� -Intensity of structural deformation

� -Tectonic and burial history; thermal maturity; Present Oil or Gas window

� -Depth and depth windows

� -Pressure of reservoir

� -Temperature of reservoir

Scale-Different factors operate at different scales (pore-to regional-scale)

SHALE GAS SYSTEMSHALE GAS SYSTEMS IS THE NECESSARY ELEMENTS NEEDED TO

HAVE FOR THE POSSIBILITY WHERE SHALE GAS COULD BE

GENERATED, THE ELEMENTS ARE:

�

US experience shows a wide variety of shales can be commercially

productive

THIS INDICATES

THAT THERE IS

NO UNIQUE

PARAMETER

FOR SHALE GAS

TO BE DEVELOPED

Realities of Shale Gas Resources: Yesterday, Today and Tomorrow John B. Curtis, CSM David

G. Hill, EnCana Paul G. Lillis, USGS

Newton, Hamzah and Morrison, 2012.

TO BE DEVELOPED

AND ALSO

FOR GEOLOGICAL

CONDITION

II. Exploration concept

EXPLORATION CONCEPT

EXPLORATION CONCEPT IS EXPLORATION CONCEPT IS EXPLORATION CONCEPT IS EXPLORATION CONCEPT IS

GEOLOGICAL MODELS DEVELOPED GEOLOGICAL MODELS DEVELOPED GEOLOGICAL MODELS DEVELOPED GEOLOGICAL MODELS DEVELOPED

TO EXPLORE WHERE THE POSSIBLY TO EXPLORE WHERE THE POSSIBLY TO EXPLORE WHERE THE POSSIBLY TO EXPLORE WHERE THE POSSIBLY TO EXPLORE WHERE THE POSSIBLY TO EXPLORE WHERE THE POSSIBLY TO EXPLORE WHERE THE POSSIBLY TO EXPLORE WHERE THE POSSIBLY

SHALE HYDROCARBON IS LSHALE HYDROCARBON IS LSHALE HYDROCARBON IS LSHALE HYDROCARBON IS LOCATEDOCATEDOCATEDOCATED.

WORKING HYPOTHESIS

PLATE TECTONIC THEORYPLATE TECTONIC THEORYPLATE TECTONIC THEORYPLATE TECTONIC THEORY

PLATE INTERACTIONPLATE INTERACTIONPLATE INTERACTIONPLATE INTERACTION

BASIN FORMATION,BASIN FORMATION,BASIN FORMATION,BASIN FORMATION,

BASIN FILLING AND BASIN FILLING AND BASIN FILLING AND BASIN FILLING AND

BASIN STRUCTURISATIONBASIN STRUCTURISATIONBASIN STRUCTURISATIONBASIN STRUCTURISATION

CRITERIA OF BASIN CLASSIFICATIOCRITERIA OF BASIN CLASSIFICATIOCRITERIA OF BASIN CLASSIFICATIOCRITERIA OF BASIN CLASSIFICATIOCRITERIA OF BASIN CLASSIFICATIOCRITERIA OF BASIN CLASSIFICATIOCRITERIA OF BASIN CLASSIFICATIOCRITERIA OF BASIN CLASSIFICATION (N (N (N (N (N (N (N (Dickinson (1974)Dickinson (1974)

TYPE OFTYPE OFTYPE OFTYPE OF

BASIN BASIN BASIN BASIN

1.1.1.1. The The The The type of crust type of crust type of crust type of crust on which the basin reston which the basin reston which the basin reston which the basin rest

2.2.2.2. The The The The position of the basin position of the basin position of the basin position of the basin relative to plate marginsrelative to plate marginsrelative to plate marginsrelative to plate margins

3.3.3.3. The type of The type of The type of The type of plate interaction plate interaction plate interaction plate interaction occurring during sedimentationoccurring during sedimentationoccurring during sedimentationoccurring during sedimentation

RELATED TO THE POTENSIAL OF SHALE HYDROCARBON

USING SHALE HYDROCARBON SYSTEM ELEMENT ANALYSES

TECTONO-STRATIGRAPHY

SEDIMENTARY MEGA CYCLE

SEDIMENTARY CYCLE

STRUCTURAL STYLE

TENSIONAL

COMPRESSIONAL

TRANTENSIONAL/

APPROACH

TRANTENSIONAL/

TRANSPRESSIONAL

SHALE GAS SYSTEMS

SOURCE ROCK PREDICTION MINERALOGICAL COMPOSITION

POTENTIAL SHALE HYDROCARBON AREA

MEGA-CYCLE CONCEPTTHE CYCLE SHOWING THE TRANSGRESSIVE AND REGRESSIVE CYCLES AND INLINE WITH TECTONIC

DEVELOPMENT AS HALF-GRABEN. THE GRABEN AREA TOWARD THE DEEP WATER ALSO SUBJECT TO THE PRESENCE OF SOURCE ROCKS

SEDIMENTARY MEGA-CYCLES OF INDONESIATHE CYCLE ALMOST CAN BE FOUND IN TERTIARY BASIN IN INDONESIA

AND SHOWING CYCLE OF TRANSGRESSIVE AND REGRESSIVEAND THE CYCLE CAN BE CORRELATED TO THE SOURCE ROCKS AND RESERVOAR ROCKS

DEVELOPMENTAS. THE CYCLE IS USED AS THE MAIN TOOL IN EVALUATING THE PRESENCE OF ELEMENTS OF SHALE GAS SYSTEMS

Kelts 1988; Cohen 1989; Katz 1999

Petroleum System Chart OF East Java

THE RELATION BEETWEEN TECTONICS IN FORMING THE BASIN AND THE THE RELATION BEETWEEN TECTONICS IN FORMING THE BASIN AND THE THE RELATION BEETWEEN TECTONICS IN FORMING THE BASIN AND THE THE RELATION BEETWEEN TECTONICS IN FORMING THE BASIN AND THE

PROCESS OF BASIN FILLING IN RELATION TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF PROCESS OF BASIN FILLING IN RELATION TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF PROCESS OF BASIN FILLING IN RELATION TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF PROCESS OF BASIN FILLING IN RELATION TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF

ELEMENTS OF PETROLEUM SYSTEMS AND MIGRATION PATHWAYS OF THE ELEMENTS OF PETROLEUM SYSTEMS AND MIGRATION PATHWAYS OF THE ELEMENTS OF PETROLEUM SYSTEMS AND MIGRATION PATHWAYS OF THE ELEMENTS OF PETROLEUM SYSTEMS AND MIGRATION PATHWAYS OF THE

HYDROCARBON HYDROCARBON HYDROCARBON HYDROCARBON

III. PLATE TECTONICS IN

RELATION TO BASIN RELATION TO BASIN

FORMATION

Tectonic Plates as the main basic

knowledge in understanding basin

formation in related to plate boundary

PLATE BOUNDARIES IN RELATION PLATE BOUNDARIES IN RELATION PLATE BOUNDARIES IN RELATION PLATE BOUNDARIES IN RELATION PLATE BOUNDARIES IN RELATION PLATE BOUNDARIES IN RELATION PLATE BOUNDARIES IN RELATION PLATE BOUNDARIES IN RELATION

TO BASIN FORMATION TO BASIN FORMATION TO BASIN FORMATION TO BASIN FORMATION TO BASIN FORMATION TO BASIN FORMATION TO BASIN FORMATION TO BASIN FORMATION

AND SEDIMENTATION AND SEDIMENTATION AND SEDIMENTATION AND SEDIMENTATION AND SEDIMENTATION AND SEDIMENTATION AND SEDIMENTATION AND SEDIMENTATION

Map showing various timing of major tectonic activities in different

Areas of southeast Asia (After Schereus 1966)

RegionalRegionalRegionalRegional TectonicsTectonicsTectonicsTectonics

Tectonics configuration of Indonesian archipelago located in the three

major plates. Tectonically Indonesian in divided into western Indonesian

(of asian affinities), and eastern Indonesia of Australian affinities

Plate

reconstruction of

Indonesian region

showing in the

Mesozoic

Kalimantan, East

Java and SW

Sulawesi is part of

a single

microcontinent

which then break

apart to the

present position.

The East Sulawesi is

still far away and

Regional Tectonics

was part of

Australian Plate.

(Robert Hall, 1996)

Plate

recontruction

from 30 – 15

Ma showing

the sequence

movement of

East Sulawesi

RegionalRegionalRegionalRegional TectonicsTectonicsTectonicsTectonics

(Robert Hall, 1996)

East Sulawesi

to collide with

West

Sulawesi.

RegionalRegionalRegionalRegional TectonicsTectonicsTectonicsTectonics

(Robert Hall, 1996)

Plate reconstruction from 10

and 5 Ma showing the event of

Banggai Sula collison and timing

of the ophilite emplacement to

north of east Sulawesi

�BASIN DEVELOPMENT

�BASIN FILLING

�BASIN STRUCTURISATION

TEMPORAL & SPATIAL

EXISTING EXISTING EXISTING EXISTING EXISTING EXISTING EXISTING EXISTING TERTERTERTERTERTERTERTERTTTTTTTTIARYIARYIARYIARYIARYIARYIARYIARY BASIN DISTRIBUTION MAPBASIN DISTRIBUTION MAPBASIN DISTRIBUTION MAPBASIN DISTRIBUTION MAPBASIN DISTRIBUTION MAPBASIN DISTRIBUTION MAPBASIN DISTRIBUTION MAPBASIN DISTRIBUTION MAP

•• 60 POTENTIAL TERTIARY BASIN (IAGI 60 POTENTIAL TERTIARY BASIN (IAGI 60 POTENTIAL TERTIARY BASIN (IAGI 60 POTENTIAL TERTIARY BASIN (IAGI 60 POTENTIAL TERTIARY BASIN (IAGI 60 POTENTIAL TERTIARY BASIN (IAGI 60 POTENTIAL TERTIARY BASIN (IAGI 60 POTENTIAL TERTIARY BASIN (IAGI –––––––– BPPKA)BPPKA)BPPKA)BPPKA)BPPKA)BPPKA)BPPKA)BPPKA)

•• CONCEPT OF BASIN CLASSIFICATIONCONCEPT OF BASIN CLASSIFICATIONCONCEPT OF BASIN CLASSIFICATIONCONCEPT OF BASIN CLASSIFICATIONCONCEPT OF BASIN CLASSIFICATIONCONCEPT OF BASIN CLASSIFICATIONCONCEPT OF BASIN CLASSIFICATIONCONCEPT OF BASIN CLASSIFICATION

•• NEWLY DISCOVERED BASINNEWLY DISCOVERED BASINNEWLY DISCOVERED BASINNEWLY DISCOVERED BASINNEWLY DISCOVERED BASINNEWLY DISCOVERED BASINNEWLY DISCOVERED BASINNEWLY DISCOVERED BASIN

TECTONIC MAP AND BASINTECTONIC MAP AND BASINTECTONIC MAP AND BASINTECTONIC MAP AND BASINTECTONIC MAP AND BASINTECTONIC MAP AND BASINTECTONIC MAP AND BASINTECTONIC MAP AND BASIN

BPMIGASBPMIGAS--LAPI ITB (2008)LAPI ITB (2008)

Indonesia’s Shale Gas Potential

0 400 km

N

� Western Java

� Gumai Shale

� Telisa Shale

� Baong Shale

•Tarakan Basin

•Kutai Basin

•Barito Basin

•Eastern Java

•Klasafet Formation

Basin Data Source: Inameta PT. PND

IV. TECTONICS AND

SEDIMENTATION

Geological OverviewGeological OverviewGeological OverviewGeological Overview

Tectonic Setting and basin developmentTectonic Setting and basin developmentTectonic Setting and basin developmentTectonic Setting and basin development

Simplified tectonic element and crustal distribution for Simplified tectonic element and crustal distribution for Simplified tectonic element and crustal distribution for Simplified tectonic element and crustal distribution for

Indonesia RegionIndonesia RegionIndonesia RegionIndonesia Region

NORTH SUMATRA

BASIN

STRUCTURAL FRAME WORK OF NORTH SUMATRA

BASIN

STRATIGRAPHY REGIONAL NORTH SUMATRA BASIN

SECONDARY TARGETLOWER BAONG FORMATION

Deposited as deltaic environment

MAIN TARGET BAMPO FORMATIONDeposited during rifting process

CENTRAL SUMATRA

BASIN

REGIONAL STRUCTUREF 3

F 2F 2 F 2

F0; Pre-Tertiary

F1; Eocene-Oligocene rifting in N-NNE

F2; L Oligocene- M Miocene extensional N-NNW

F3; Plesitocene – Recent in NW – SE Direction

Structural Framework of

the Basement in Central

Sumatra Basin

Structural Map of Central Sumatera Basin showing the N-S

structural orientation as older structure and NE-SW structural orientation as younger

structure.

F 3

F 2F 2 F 2

(Heidrick & Aulia 1996)

1.1.1.1.Rift phaseRift phaseRift phaseRift phase ---- Eocene Eocene Eocene Eocene

to early Miocene to early Miocene to early Miocene to early Miocene

Pematang Group Pematang Group Pematang Group Pematang Group

deposition.deposition.deposition.deposition.

TECTONOSTRATIGRATECTONOSTRATIGRATECTONOSTRATIGRATECTONOSTRATIGRA

PHY CHART CENTRAL PHY CHART CENTRAL PHY CHART CENTRAL PHY CHART CENTRAL

SUMATRA BASINSUMATRA BASINSUMATRA BASINSUMATRA BASIN

Wain et al., 1995

SHALE GAS

PLAY

2. Post2. Post2. Post2. Post----rift phase rift phase rift phase rift phase ---- Early Early Early Early

Miocene to middle Miocene to middle Miocene to middle Miocene to middle

MioceneDeposition of MioceneDeposition of MioceneDeposition of MioceneDeposition of

Sihapas GroupSihapas GroupSihapas GroupSihapas Group

3. 3. 3. 3. Inversion Inversion Inversion Inversion phasephasephasephase ---- Middle Middle Middle Middle

Miocene to PlioceneMiocene to PlioceneMiocene to PlioceneMiocene to Pliocene

Deposition of Petani Deposition of Petani Deposition of Petani Deposition of Petani

GroupGroupGroupGroup

REGIONAL GEOLOGY; STRATIGRAPHY (Wain et al., 1995)

SHALE GAS PLAY

BASEMENT MAP – CENTRAL SUMATRA BASIN

(Heidrick & Aulia 1996)

NE-SW Geological CrosssectionNE-SW Geological Crosssection

FORMATION CANDIDATE FOR SHALE GAS

ARE WITH LESS TECTONICS DURING PLIO-PLESITOCENE

(Heidrick & Aulia 1996)

ARE WITH MORE ACTIVE TECTONICS DURING PLIO-PLESITOCENE

SOUTH SUMATRA

BASIN

GEOLOGY REGIONAL OF SOUTH SUMATRA BASIN

JAMBI SUBBASIN

CENTRAL PALEMBANG SUBBASIN 3°

2°

106°105°104°103°102°

N

(De Coster, 1974)

PAGAR JATIGRABEN

BENGKULU

BENGKULUBASIN KEDUANG GRABEN

KEPAYANGGRABEN

SOUTH PALEMBANG SUBBASIN

5°

4°

0 50 100 KM

SCALE

DELTAIC CLASTIC

(FRONT -PLAIN)

Upper GUF & ABF

FLUVIAL, DELTAIC CLASTIC & CARBONATE

BRF

LMST

Upper GUF, ABF

ABF SHALE

TAF & GUF SHALE

PLEISTOCENE

PLEISTOCENE

PLIOCENEPLIOCENE

M I O C E N E

M I O C E N E

LATE

LATE

MIDDLE

MIDDLE

ThTh

TgTgTfTf

55

1010

1515

1122

33

Compressionand Uplift

Compressionand Uplift

PLIO -PLEISTOCENEOROGENY

PLIO -PLEISTOCENEOROGENY

COMPRESSION

COMPRESSION

ALLUVIALALLUVIAL ALLUVIALALLUVIAL ALLUVIALALLUVIAL

MUARA ENIMFORMATIONMUARA ENIMFORMATION

AIR BENAKATFORMATIONAIR BENAKATFORMATION

GUMAIGUMAI

UPPERUPPER BRF

KASAIFORMATION

KASAIFORMATION

KASAIFORMATION

KASAIFORMATION

MUARA ENIMFORMATIONMUARA ENIMFORMATIONMUARA ENIM

FORMATIONMUARA ENIMFORMATION

AIR BENAKATFORMATIONAIR BENAKATFORMATION

AIR BENAKATFORMATIONAIR BENAKATFORMATION

GUMAIFORMATION

GUMAIFORMATION

GUMAIFORMATION

GUMAIFORMATIONBRF

BRFBRF

A G EA G E

EPOCHEPOCH

M. YEAR

M. YEAR

BLOW

ZONES

BLOW

ZONES

LETTER

STATES

LETTER

STATES

GEOLOGICALHISTORY

GEOLOGICALHISTORY

EUSTATICCURVE

EUSTATICCURVE

(HAQ et.al. 1987)(HAQ et.al. 1987)

RISING DROPRISING DROP

200 150 100 50 0 -50

TECTONIC

TECTONIC

(PR. DAVIS. 1984)

(PR. DAVIS. 1984) ENVIRONMENTENVIRONMENT

NERITICNERITIC

DEEP

DEEP

SHALLOW

SHALLOW

LITORAL

LITORAL

TERRESTRIAL

TERRESTRIAL

EXPLORATIONPLAY

EXPLORATIONPLAY

SEALS

SEALS

RESERVOIR

ROCKS

RESERVOIR

ROCKS

SOURCE ROCKS

SOURCE ROCKS

PLAY TYPES

PLAY TYPES

JAMBISUB BASINJAMBI

SUB BASINNORTH PALEMBANG

SUB BASINNORTH PALEMBANG

SUB BASINSOUTH PALEMBANG

SUB BASINSOUTH PALEMBANG

SUB BASIN

GENERAL STRATIGRAPHIC COLUMN AND TECTONIC EVENTS OF SOUTH SUMATRA BASINGENERAL STRATIGRAPHIC COLUMN AND TECTONIC EVENTS OF SOUTH SUMATRA BASINGENERAL STRATIGRAPHIC COLUMN AND TECTONIC EVENTS OF SOUTH SUMATRA BASINGENERAL STRATIGRAPHIC COLUMN AND TECTONIC EVENTS OF SOUTH SUMATRA BASINGENERAL STRATIGRAPHIC COLUMN AND TECTONIC EVENTS OF SOUTH SUMATRA BASINGENERAL STRATIGRAPHIC COLUMN AND TECTONIC EVENTS OF SOUTH SUMATRA BASINGENERAL STRATIGRAPHIC COLUMN AND TECTONIC EVENTS OF SOUTH SUMATRA BASINGENERAL STRATIGRAPHIC COLUMN AND TECTONIC EVENTS OF SOUTH SUMATRA BASIN

SOUTH SUMATRA BASINSOUTH SUMATRA BASIN

N 23N 23

N 22N 22

N 21N 21

N 20N 20

N 19N 19N 18N 18

N 17N 17

N 16N 16

N 15N 15N 14N 14

N 13N 13

N 12N 12

N 11N 11

N 10N 10N 9N 9

N 8N 8

N 7N 7

N 6N 6

FLUVIAL, DELTAIC CLASTIC & CARBONATE

( TAF & Eq. BRF )

LAHAT. TAF & GUF SHALE

T A F

TAF & GUF SHALE

O L I G O C E N E

O L I G O C E N E

EOCENE

EOCENE

LATE

LATE

LATE

LATE

EARLY

EARLY

EARLY

EARLY

PRE TERTIARYPRE TERTIARY

TbTb

TeTe

Tc -Td

Tc -Td

2020

2525

3030

3535

4040

1 -4

1 -4

55

Sag Basinand

Growth Fault

Sag Basinand

Growth Fault

Graben FillGraben Fill

Strike Slip, Block Faulting

and Intrusion

Strike Slip, Block Faulting

and Intrusion

T E N S I O N

T E N S I O N

COMPRESSION

COMPRESSION

??

GUMAIFORMATION

GUMAIFORMATION

LOWERLOWER

LAHATFORMATION

LAHATFORMATION

TALANG AKARFORMATIONTALANG AKARFORMATION

TRMTRM

GRMGRM

TALANG AKARFORMATIONTALANG AKARFORMATION

LAHATFORMATIONLAHATFORMATION

LAHATFORMATIONLAHATFORMATION

TALANG AKARFORMATIONTALANG AKARFORMATION

IGNEOUS /INTRUSSIVE

METAMORPHIC

N 5N 5

N 4N 4

P 22P 22

P 21P 21

P 20P 20

P 19P 19

P 18P 18

P 17P 17

P 16P 16

P 15P 15

P 14P 14

( Haq et.al, 1987)

VARIOUS BASIN STRUCTURISATION IN SOUTH SUMATERA BASIN WITH VARIOUS BASIN STRUCTURISATION IN SOUTH SUMATERA BASIN WITH VARIOUS BASIN STRUCTURISATION IN SOUTH SUMATERA BASIN WITH VARIOUS BASIN STRUCTURISATION IN SOUTH SUMATERA BASIN WITH VARIOUS BASIN STRUCTURISATION IN SOUTH SUMATERA BASIN WITH VARIOUS BASIN STRUCTURISATION IN SOUTH SUMATERA BASIN WITH VARIOUS BASIN STRUCTURISATION IN SOUTH SUMATERA BASIN WITH VARIOUS BASIN STRUCTURISATION IN SOUTH SUMATERA BASIN WITH

DIFFERENT SHALE GAS DIFFERENT SHALE GAS DIFFERENT SHALE GAS DIFFERENT SHALE GAS DIFFERENT SHALE GAS DIFFERENT SHALE GAS DIFFERENT SHALE GAS DIFFERENT SHALE GAS

(INDONESIA BASIN SUMMARIES, 2006)(INDONESIA BASIN SUMMARIES, 2006)

NORTH WEST JAVA NORTH WEST JAVA NORTH WEST JAVA NORTH WEST JAVA

BASINBASINBASINBASIN

SCHEMATIC CROSS SECTION OF JAVA

BASEMENT CONFIGURATION NORTHWEST

JAVA BASIN

ASRIYANI-NST

SUNDA

Sunda Platform

VERACENTRALARJUNA

SOUTHARJUNA

SeribuPlatform

107°30’107°30’ 108°00’ 108°30’ 109°00’ 109°30’ 110°00’107°00’106°30’106°00’106°30’

05°00’

05°30’

SUMATRA

ARJUNA

JATIBARANG

CIPUNEGARAE 15 Graben

PASIRBUNGUR

KEPUHCIPUTAT

TANJUNGPEMALANG

KENDAL

J A V A

0 50 MI

< 0.5

0.5 - 1.0

1.0 - 1.5

1.5 - 2.0

2.0 - 2.5

2.5 - 2.0

> 3.0

TWT Scale

06°00’

06°30’

07°00’

CIREBON

JAKARTA

N

PETA KONTUR BATUAN DASAR CEKUNGAN JAWA BARAT UTARA

Compiled by : Nobel-IND-ADT/96

@ IND-1996

Regional Stratigraphy

(Purnomo J & Purwoko 1994)

NORTH EAST JAVA

BASIN

HC HABITATS AND TECTONIC SETTINGS

The East Java basin is the most structurally and stratigraphically complex of

the Indonesian back-arc basins

(Satyana and Purwaningsih, 2003)

REGIONAL STRATIGRAPHY AND TECTONIC EVENTREGIONAL STRATIGRAPHY AND TECTONIC EVENT

Chronostratigraphic column of Northeast Java Basin

(Mudjiono et al 2001)

KALIMANTANKALIMANTANKALIMANTANKALIMANTAN

• Extensional movement in the late Cretaceous-early Miocene (Syn- and post-rifting phases)

• Compression movement in the Plio-Pleistocene created reverse fault and fold structures

REGIONAL TECTONIC SETTING

(modified after BEICIP,1985)

KALIMANTAN CROSS SECTON

REGIONAL STRATIGRAPHY KALIMANTAN

KUTAI BASINKUTAI BASINKUTAI BASINKUTAI BASIN

TECTONIC ELEMENTS OF KUTAI BASINTECTONIC ELEMENTS OF KUTAI BASINTECTONIC ELEMENTS OF KUTAI BASINTECTONIC ELEMENTS OF KUTAI BASIN

(INDONESIA BASIN SUMMARIES, 2006)(INDONESIA BASIN SUMMARIES, 2006)

SHALE GAS BEARING FORMATION

STRATIGRAPHY REGIONAL OF KUTAI BASIN STRATIGRAPHY REGIONAL OF KUTAI BASIN STRATIGRAPHY REGIONAL OF KUTAI BASIN STRATIGRAPHY REGIONAL OF KUTAI BASIN

SHALE GAS BEARING FORMATION

KUTAI BASIN CROSS SECTION

CROSS SECTION

EAST KALIMANTAN

W E

TARAKAN BASINTARAKAN BASINTARAKAN BASINTARAKAN BASIN

1111.... MuaraMuaraMuaraMuara subsubsubsub----basin,basin,basin,basin, thethethethe

southernmostsouthernmostsouthernmostsouthernmost

depocentredepocentredepocentredepocentre developeddevelopeddevelopeddeveloped

exclusivelyexclusivelyexclusivelyexclusively offshoreoffshoreoffshoreoffshore....

2222.... BerauBerauBerauBerau subsubsubsub----basinbasinbasinbasin

mostlymostlymostlymostly onshoreonshoreonshoreonshore andandandand

PHYSIOGRAPHY OF PHYSIOGRAPHY OF PHYSIOGRAPHY OF PHYSIOGRAPHY OF

TARAKAN BASINTARAKAN BASINTARAKAN BASINTARAKAN BASIN

North Tarakan Block

locatedlocatedlocatedlocated inininin thethethethe southsouthsouthsouth....

3333.... TarakanTarakanTarakanTarakan subsubsubsub----basin,basin,basin,basin,

mostlymostlymostlymostly offshoreoffshoreoffshoreoffshore butbutbutbut

includingincludingincludingincluding BunyuBunyuBunyuBunyu andandandand

TarakanTarakanTarakanTarakan IslandsIslandsIslandsIslands....

4444.... TidungTidungTidungTidung subsubsubsub----basin,basin,basin,basin, thethethethe

mostmostmostmost northerlynortherlynortherlynortherly basinbasinbasinbasin

andandandand mainlymainlymainlymainly onshoreonshoreonshoreonshore....

Berau Block

Satyana et al. (1999)

REGIONAL CROSS SECTION OF TARAKAN REGIONAL CROSS SECTION OF TARAKAN REGIONAL CROSS SECTION OF TARAKAN REGIONAL CROSS SECTION OF TARAKAN

BASINBASINBASINBASIN

Hidayatiet al. (2007)

REGIONAL STRATIGRAPHY OF TARAKAN REGIONAL STRATIGRAPHY OF TARAKAN REGIONAL STRATIGRAPHY OF TARAKAN REGIONAL STRATIGRAPHY OF TARAKAN

BASINBASINBASINBASIN

Awang Harun Satyana, Petroleoum Geology of Indonesia HAGI 2009

BARITO BASINBARITO BASINBARITO BASINBARITO BASIN

Barito Basin: Simplified Geology & Major Structural FeaturesBarito Basin: Simplified Geology & Major Structural FeaturesBarito Basin: Simplified Geology & Major Structural FeaturesBarito Basin: Simplified Geology & Major Structural Features

•Barito Basin area; approx. 70,000 sq km total,

50,000 sq km onshore.

•Bounded to west by Schwaner Mountains, east by

the Meratus Mountains (accretionary and ophiolitic

affinity), north by the Adang flexture and to the

south by the Florence high in the Java Sea.

• Basin formation mechanism unresolved.

•Contains a thick sequence of Cenozoic non-marine

and marine sediments depicting a complete

transgressive to regressive sequence.

Barito cross section

REGIONAL STRATIGRAPHY BARITO BASINREGIONAL STRATIGRAPHY BARITO BASINREGIONAL STRATIGRAPHY BARITO BASINREGIONAL STRATIGRAPHY BARITO BASIN

75

• The Eocene age Tanjung Formation is syn-rift & post-rift; initially fluvial, then shallow marine. Shale was formed in near-coastal environment.

• Berai Formation is Oligocene

• Warukin Formation early to late

SHALE

Bearing

Warukin

Formatio

n

REGIONAL STRATIGRAPHY BARITO BASINREGIONAL STRATIGRAPHY BARITO BASINREGIONAL STRATIGRAPHY BARITO BASINREGIONAL STRATIGRAPHY BARITO BASIN

• Warukin Formation early to late Miocene; regressive sequence, including shale.

• The Dahor Formation was deposited after the Meratus uplift

D:\Data\WSO\transformasiep\RoadshowDOH

D:/Data/Shy/BhnRapimEPrev

n

SHALE

Bearing

Tanjung

Formatio

n

SALAWATI BASINSALAWATI BASINSALAWATI BASINSALAWATI BASIN

REGIONAL TECTONICREGIONAL TECTONICREGIONAL TECTONICREGIONAL TECTONIC

REGIONAL REGIONAL REGIONAL REGIONAL STRATIGRAPHYSTRATIGRAPHYSTRATIGRAPHYSTRATIGRAPHY

V. CONCLUSIONS

� IT IS APPARENT THAT INDONESIA HAS HUGE

POTENTIAL OF SHALE HYDROCARBON

� SHALE HYDROCARBON HAS SEVERAL REQUIREMENT

TO BE SUCCESS, SUCH AS TOC, BRITTLENESS INDEX,

THICKNESS, MATURITY, ETC.

SHALE HYDROCARBON POTENTIA IS UNIQUE IN EVERY � SHALE HYDROCARBON POTENTIA IS UNIQUE IN EVERY

BASIN.

� TECTONICS AND STRATIGRAPHY ARE THE MAIN

CONTROL IN BASIN DEVELOPMENT AND ASSOCIATED

WITH BASIN FILLING

� XPLORATION CONCEPT CAN BE APPROACH USING

TECTONO-STRATIGRAPHY CONCEPT IN DEFINING

SOURCE DEVELOPMENT

THANK YOUTHANK YOUTHANK YOUTHANK YOU

FOR FOR FOR FOR

YOUR YOUR YOUR YOUR YOUR YOUR YOUR YOUR

ATTENTIONATTENTIONATTENTIONATTENTION

The Steers Horns

2-4

km

6-8

km

SAG: IS (Interior Sag) MS (Marginal Sag) DS (Delta Sag)

RIFT: IF (Interior Rift)

8 k

m

IF (Interior Rift)

10-30km

80-300km