Finishing touches (Week 6)

W R I T I N G I V(HE285)

Prof. Dr. Ron Martinezdrronmartinez@gmail.com

Goals for the week

• Start preparation for mid-term essay exam;• consider key details, especially related to

“small” elements such as formatting and punctuation;

• go over some sourcing techniques;• review referencing practices;• look at how a conclusion section can shape

up.

Today’s agenda

• Talk about mid-term;• go over homework;• look at some good examples from Essay 3;• consider the conclusion section.

Homework

1. Which one was better – why?2. Considering the changes made, what would

you say was the author’s biggest problem? Language? Argument?

3. Were all the problems related to insufficient knowledge of English?

Why was “In PTA processing…” inserted?

The Midterm Exam

• Due April 22 before 9:30 AM• Worth 15% of total grade• Will be on same topic as current “short essays” (though precise

topics may vary), or a related alternate topic• Will have in-class drafting time for midterms on April 13 and 15• Will also have personal consultations with me on those same

dates• As with the other assignments, there will be a rubric• Expected length: 1,500 – 3,000 words, with references

expected, but not included in word count• All papers will also be submitted to Turn-it-In.com.

Some good examples

What do you expect to find in a Conclusion section?

Introduction

argument

position

nicheterritory

argument

Future

limitationsWider

implications

Li & Flowerdew

• What is the “Matthew Effect” and what relevance does it have to non-native English-speaking researchers who need to publish their research in international journals in English?

From the logs…

Dictation..

Rate your knowledge (1-5)

1. endeavor2. endow3. encompass4. constraint5. hitherto6. insofar7. novelty

Fix the mistakes!

1. Non-native speakers are in disadvantage.2. Publishing is difficult, specially for non-native speakers.3. Flowerdew does not present many evidences.4. The issue of non-native speakers is in discussion in this essay.5. The Internet contributes to connect people.6. Native speakers write in a higher level.7. Casanave provides insight in non-native issues.8. With regarding publishing, it is easier for natives.9. The need of publishing in English can cause stress.10. There has been some improvement in the last years.

In-text citation (APA)

• A Work by Two Authors: Name both authors in the signal phrase or in the parentheses each time you cite the work. Use the word "and" between the authors' names within the text and use the ampersand in the parentheses.

• Research by Wegener and Petty (1994) supports...

• (Wegener & Petty, 1994)

In-text citation (APA)

• Two or More Works in the Same Parentheses: When your parenthetical citation includes two or more works, order them the same way they appear in the reference list (alphabetically), separated by a semi-colon.

• (Berndt, 2002; Harlow, 1983)

In-text citation (APA)

• A Work by Three to Five Authors: List all the authors in the signal phrase or in parentheses the first time you cite the source. Use the word "and" between the authors' names within the text and use the ampersand in the parentheses.

• (Kernis, Cornell, Sun, Berry, & Harlow, 1993)• In subsequent citations, only use the first author's

last name followed by "et al." in the signal phrase or in parentheses.

• (Kernis et al., 1993)

In-text citation (APA)

• Two or More Works by the Same Author in the Same Year: If you have two sources by the same author in the same year, use lower-case letters (a, b, c) with the year to order the entries in the reference list. Use the lower-case letters with the year in the in-text citation.

• Research by Berndt (1981a) illustrated that...

In-text citation (APA)• If you are directly quoting from a work, you will need to include the

author, year of publication, and the page number for the reference (preceded by "p."). Introduce the quotation with a signal phrase that includes the author's last name followed by the date of publication in parentheses.

• According to Jones (1998), "Students often had difficulty using APA style, especially when it was their first time" (p. 199).

• Jones (1998) found "students often had difficulty using APA style" (p. 199); what implications does this have for teachers?

• If the author is not named in a signal phrase, place the author's last name, the year of publication, and the page number in parentheses after the quotation.

• She stated, "Students often had difficulty using APA style" (Jones, 1998, p. 199), but she did not offer an explanation as to why.

NB: All of the aforementioned can be found here:

• https://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/560/03/

• And here:

• https://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/560/02/

Reference section (APA)

• Basic Format for Books Author, A. A. (Year of publication). Title of work: Capital letter

also for subtitle. Location: Publisher.• Article or Chapter in an Edited BookAuthor, A. A., & Author, B. B. (Year of publication). Title of

chapter. In A. Editor & B. Editor (Eds.), Title of book (pages of chapter). Location: Publisher.

• Basic Format for Article in Periodical Author, A. A., Author, B. B., & Author, C. C. (Year). Title of

article. Title of Periodical, volume number(issue number), pages.

Example: Martinez and Murphy (2011)

HOMEWORK FOR TODAY

• Considering the direction of your current essay (Essay 4), find at least 5 sources that you can use to support your arguments.

• I recommend using Google Scholar.• Bring those references to class on Wednesday.

Discuss

1. Were you able to find sources?2. How did you look? What strategies did you

use?3. Any difficulties that you encountered?4. Do you think the sources will be able to

support your argument(s)?5. Do you think it is necessary to read all the

articles that you found?

WEEKEND HOMEWORK

Find this article

By Sunday

1. Send me your essay/outline with concluding paragraph – see “Rubric” online

2. Use online form and email me3. See example online!4. Do Reading Engagement Log for Hirano

(2009) (comparison of English and Portuguese article introductions)