21
Finite Element Systems
AHandbook
Editor: C.A. Brebbia
Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg GmbH
C.A. Brebbia
Computational Mechanics Centre, Ashurst Lodge Ashurst, Southampton, Hampshire, S04 2AA, UK.
ISBN 978-3-662-07231-8 ISBN 978-3-662-07229-5 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-3-662-07229-5
This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concemed, specifically those of translation, reprinting, re-use of illustrations, broadcasting, reproduction by photocopying machine or similar means, and storage in data banks. Under § 54 of the German Copyright Law where copies are made for other than private use a fee is payable to 'Verwertungsgesellschaft Wort', Munich.
© Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 1982 Originally published by Computational Mechanies Centre, Southampton in 1982. Softcover reprint ofthe hardcover 2nd edition 1982
The use of registered names, trademarks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use.
Printed by Hobbs the Printers ofSouthampton :lO61/30'10/5432 10
CONTENTS
Preface to the Seccmd Edition
How to Use This Handbook
Element Types
Material Properties
Table I.
Table 11.
Table 111.
Table IV.
Table V.
Table VI.
Analysis Capabilities
Other Capabilities
Operating Systems
Availability of the Programs
The Use of ADiNA in Engineering Practice K.J. Bathe, Massachusetts Institute 01 Technology & G. Larsson, ADINA Engineering AB
ANSYS P.C. Kohnke, Swanson Analysis Systems Inc.
APPLE-5AP Structural Analysis System M. Galluzzi, M. Giovagnoni & G.M. Manlredini, ltalimpianti S.p.A. Italy
ASAS . A Large-Scale, Sophisticated Finite Element Analysis System J.B. Spooner, Atkins Research & Development
The ASKA Finite Element System R. Goos, Ikoss GMBH
BEASY A Boundary Element Analysis System D.J. Danson, C.A. Brebbia & R.A. Adey, CM Consultants, Southampton
A Description of the BERSAFE System T.K. Hellen, Central Electricity Generating Board
The CASTEM Finite Element System A. Combescure & A. Hoffmann, CEA-DEMT & P. Pasquet, CISI
CA.ST.OR A. Chaudouet & P. Devalan, CE TIM, France
COMET -PR: The First Computer Implementation of the P-Version of the Finite Element Method B. Szabo, Washington University & A. Peano, ISMES, Italy
3
19
27
47
55
81
99
115
127
147
DIAL Finite Element System N.A. Cyr & G.H. Ferguson, Lockheed Missiles & Space Company
FASOR - A Program for Stress, Buckling and Vibration of Shells of Revolution G_A. Cohen, Structures Research Associates
The FEGS Limited Pre- and Post-Processing Programs G.A. Butlin, Fegs Limited, Cambridge
The Finite Element Programs FLASH 2 and STATIK U. Walder, Walder & Partners, Bem, & D. Green, Glasgow University, Scotland
GIFTS-1100: Graphics Orientated Interactive Finite Element Time-5haring System C. V. Clarke, Sperry Univac, England & R. Muller, Sperry Univac, West Germany
RAFTS and LAWPI LE - The Development of a Foundation Analysis and Design Suite L.A. Wood, Queen Mary College, London
An Overview of the MARC General Purpose Finite Element Program E. Hulst, MARC Analysis Research Corporation
A Finite Element Elastic Buckling Analysis for Siender Frames C. Tahiani & H. Hearty, Royal Military College of Canada
MSC / NASTRAN S. Horne, MacNeal-Schwendler GmbH
PAFEC A. Austin, PAFEC Ltd., Nottingham
PDA/PATRAN-G: A System for the Creation and Display of General Three-Dimensional Models H. Hamilton, L.M. Crain & E.L. Stanton, PDA Engineering, California
A Three-Dimensional B.I.E.M. Program M. Doblare & E. Alarcon, Polytechnic University, Madrid
PREFEM and SERFEM - Special Purpose Programs for Elastic Plate Bending and In-Plane Analysis of Plates L. Bolteus, Gothenburg Universities Computing Centre
159
175
199
205
225
241
263
273
287
295
307
325
347
SAP7 - A Nonlinear Finite Element Program M. Lashkari, V.I. Weingarten & F. Ghassemi, University of Southern California
SCIA's Finite Element System on Desktop Computers J.P. Rammant, SCIA S. V.
Application of Finite Element Systems for Calculation of Fatigue Growth of Surface and Internal Cracks I. Lotsberg, Det Norske Veritas
The ST AN Pre & Post Processor System O.G. Vesey, Ove Arup Partnership
The Place of a Special-Purpose Program System in a Multi-Purpose System World V. Svalbonas, Koppers Company Ine.
New Implementations in Structural Code STDYNl B.A. Ovune, University of Southwestern Louisiana
The SUSAN Finite Element System C.J. West, Genesys Limited
TITUS: A General Finite Element System P. Bougrelle, Framatome, Saint Marcel
United Computing's Guide to the F .E. Jungle! O. Churehill, United Computing Systems, Swindon
The FEMAlE Modelling language P.A. Newton, SIA Ltd.
357
373
393
413
427
443
451
457
475
479
PREFACE TO TUE SECOND EDITION
Although the engineering industry utilizes a considerable number of computer codes based on the Finite Element Method, a reference book on the topie was not available until Oetober 1981, when the first edition of this Handbook appeared. The speed with whieh tbe book beeame out of print demonstrated thaI it was of importance to engineers and a new printing was required. As tbe topie is under continuous development, it was deeided to print a revised edition, ratber Ihan reproduce the previous book.
The format of the Handbook howevcr, is still unehanged, espeeially Its introductory remarks on how to use the book, in whieh a classification of the different codes is attempted. Programs based on techniques other Ihan Finite Elements are also reported, particularly the Boundary Element codes. Some pre· and post-processor systems are included in view of their importance 10 run Finite Element codes efficiently.
Ag the field of Finite Elements and its relationship to Computer Aided Design is in continuaus development, future editions of Ihis book will try to reneel any changes. The Editor welcomer any suggestions 10 inelude other packages in the Handbook. Interested parties should contact him at the address below.
Or. C. Brebbia Computational Mechanics Centre, Ashurst Lodge, Ashurst, Southampton, S042AA, UK.
Tel: (042 129) 3223
HOW TO USE THIS HANDBOOK
Users of finite elements are often bewildered by the number and variety of systems available in the market. These systems vary from large pa(:kages to more recently, systems for mini and microcomputers. This handbook represents the Hrst attempt to describe the better known finite element systems and their capabilities. The book eonsists of aseries of papers describing the different systems and some tables 10 presenl in a schematic way the eapabilities of each system. There are five tables describing the packages:
Table I Table I describes the type of elements that ean be found in the different paekages, such as truss and beams, 2-D solid, 3-0 solid, axisymmetric solid, plate bending, shell, boundary elements, crack elements and fluid meehanics elements.
Table 11 Table 11 deseribes the material properties which can be handled by the different packages, such as linear elastic isotropie and anisotropie, nonlinear elastie, viscoelastie or ereep, plastic behaviour, large strains and soil mechanics type materials.
Table 1lI This table indicates to the user the different analysis capabililies of the system, Le" statie analysis, transient dynamics, hannonic response, bucklingand post.buckling analysis, fracture mechanics, heat transfer, earthquake response, pile/soil/structure interaclion, fluids analysis and fluid·structure interaction.
Table IV This table directs the user 10 other capabilities of the system related to data input/output, mesh generation, automatie numbering, interactive graphics, and free format Qutput as weil as another analytical capability, namely, substructuring.
Table V This table gives the enginee~ an idea of the operating systems on which the packages work. Although. most of the packagcs are written in Fortran they may not run in any computer and this table gives an idea of the Iype of Iystem thlll the u~er can nnd for his partieular machine.
Notice that several boundary element paebgcs have been included. These progeams Ire based on inlegral equation techniques which have only recently applied to salve practical engineering problems. Some finite element packages are a1ready using elements based on boundary integral equations and Ibis technique is applicable 10 many engineering problems such as those with unbounded region for whlch classical finite elements are unsuitable.
The final table (Table VI) gives particulars of the pcople who have marke ted or developcd the systems, including telephone and telex numbers when available.
This handbook has becn prepared with the praclising engincer in mind and with genuine desire to produce a useful guidc 10 fmile element systems. The editor would be happy to receive any comments or suggestions and particula~ of furlher systems to be included in future editions.
Oe. C.A. Brcbbia Director
Computational Mechanics Centre Ashu~t Lodgc, Ashurst, Soulhamplon, S04 2AA, England
Tel: (042129)3223
TAGlE I
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TABLE VI
A VAILABILITY OF THE PROGRAMS
AOINA Contact: Mr. G. Larsson ADINA Engineering AB Stangjarnsgatan 227 S 72473 Vasteras Sweden
Tel: 021-302233 Telex:
ANSYS Confact: Mr. P. Kohnke Swanson Analysis Systems (nc. Johnson Road PO Box 6S Houston PA IS342 USA
Tel: (412)7463304 Telex: SIO 690 8655
APPLE-8AP Contact: IT AUMPIANTI SpA CAD Systems Department P.ZZ3 Piccapietra 9 16121 Genova Italy
Tel: Genoa 5998
Telex: 27238-27262-28390 italimp
ASAS Contact: Atkins Research and Development Woodcote Grove Ashley Road Epsom Surrey KYI8 SBW England
Tel: (03727) 26140 Telex: 23497 Atkins G
ASKA Contaet: IKO Software Service GmbH Albstadtweg JO D 7000 Stuttgart 80 Germany
Tel: (0711)782131 Telex: 7 2SS 490 ikos
BEASY Contact: Mr. D. Danson Compulational Meehanics Centre Ashursl Lodge. Ashurst. Southampton 804 2AA England
Tel: (042 129) 3223 Telex: 47388G Attn. COMPMECH
BERSAFE Contocr: Mr. G. Marshali BERSAFE Advisory Group CEGB Berkeley Nuelear Laboratories Berkeley Goues. England
Tel: (0453) SI0451 Telex: 43227
CASTEM Contact: M. Ph. Pasquet CISI 35, boulevard Brune 75680 Paris Cedex 14 France
Tel' (I) 545.85.Q3 Telex: CISIPAR 260710 F
CASTOR Contact: CETIM 52 Avenue Felix Loual 60300 Senlis France
Tel: (4) 453 32 66 Telex: 140006 CETIM SENLI
COMET·PR Contact: MeDonnell Douglas Automation Company St. Louis Missouri USA (In Europe) Istituto Sperimenlale Modelli e Strulture SpA Viale Giulio Cesare 29 24100 Bergamo Italy
Tel: (035) 24 30 43 Telex: 301249 ISMES I
DlAL Contact: Mr. Don Wong Structures, Department 81·12 Building 154 Lockheed Missiles and Spaee Company PO Box 504 Sunnyvale CA 94086 USA
Tel' Telex:
FASOR Contact: Dr. G.A. eohen Structures Research Associates 465 Forest Avenue PO Box 1348 Laguna Beach California 92651 USA (pro gram available from Control Dala Corporation's CYBERNET Services (Worldwide)
Tel: (714) 494-9895 Telex:
FEMGEN Contact: FEGS limited .nd 2 All Saints Passage FEMVlEW Cambridge CB2 3LS
England
TeL' (0223) 68858 Telex:
FLASH 2 Contoct: Or. U. Walder and Partners Weltistr.48 3006 Dem Switzerland
Tel: Telex:
GIFTS-I 100 Gontaer: Sperry Univac Computer Systems Speny Univac Centre Stonebridge Park North Circular Road London NWlO aLS
Tel: 019650511 Telex: 8951141
LAWPlLE Contact: United Computing Systems limited Founnost House 12·22 West Street Epsom Surrey KTl8 7RH England
Tel: (03727) 29678 Telex: 8813488
MARC COl1tact: Mare Analysis Research Carp. Verrijn Stuar!.laan 29 2288 EK Rijswijk The Netherlands
Tel: 070907786
DREAM Contact: Dr. C. Tahiani Department of.civil E"gineering Royal Military College of Canada Kingston Ontario Canada K7L 2W3
Tel: Telex:
MSC/NASTRAN Contact: The MacNeal&hwendler Corporation 7442 North Figueroa Slreet Los Angeles Califomia 90041 USA
Tel: (213)254.3456 Telex: (910) 321-2492 maen schw Isa
(In Europe) Contact: MacNeal-Schwendler GmbH
8000 Munchen 80 Prinzregentenstrasse 78 West Gennany
Tel: (089) 4702068 Telex: (841) 523784 rosg d
PAfEC Contact: PAFEC Umited Strelley HaU Main Street Strelley Notlingham NG8 6PE
Tel: (0602) 292291 Telex: 377494
PDA/PATRAN-G Contact: Kins Dewlopment Woodcote Grove Ashley Road Epsom Surrey KT18 5BW
Tel: (03727)40121 Telex: 266701
PECET Contact: Manuel Diaz dei Rio Director de Planificacion RENFE (National Railways) Estacion de Chamatrin Madrid Spain
Tel: Telex:
PREFEM Contact: Gothenburg University Computing Centre Box 19070 S 400 12 Goleborg Sweden
Tel: 46·31-810720 Telex:
RArn; Contace: United Computing Systems ümited Founnost House 12-22 West Street Epsom Surrey KYJ8 7RH Eng/and
TeL· (03727) 29678 Telex: 8813488
SM7 Contact: Structural Mechanics Computer Laboratory DRC 394 Univenity of Southern Califomia Los Angeles CA 90007 USA
Tel: Telex:
SClA's FE Contact: SelA Scientific Application Group Desktop System Attenrodestraat 6
B 3385 Meensel.Kiezegem Belgium
Tel: 016-63.20.44 Telex: 64277 scia b
(In UK) Contact: Eclipse Computer Services
4 ParkJands Oreat linford Milton Keynes M14 SOZ
Tel: (0908) 612425
SERFEM Contact: Gothellburg Urtiversity Computing Centre Box 19070 S 400 12 Goteborg Sweden
Tel: 46·31-810720 Telex:
SESAM-69 Contact: Computas A!S PO Box 300 N 1322 Hovil:. Oslo Norway
Tel: (02) 129900/129955 Telex: 16192 verit n
STAN Contact: Oasys ümited 13 Fitzroy Street London W 1 P 6BQ
Tel: 016361531 Telex: 263935
STARS Conracl: Dr. V. Svalbonas Manager. Engineering Koppers Company Inc. Mineral Processing Systems Division PO Box312 Yorl:., PA 17405 USA
Tel: 7178438671 Telex: 840446
STATIK Contact: Dr. U. Walder and Partners Weltistr.48 3006 Bem Switzcrland
Tel: Telex:
STDYNL Contact: Dr. Bulent Ovunc Deparlmenl of Civil Engineering University of Southwestem Louisiana Lafayette Louisiana 70504 USA
Tel: (318) 264-6511 Telex:
SUSAN Contact: Genesys Limiled Lisle Street Loughborough LElI OAY England
Tel: (0509) 39185/8 Telex: 341747
Tlrus Contact: FRAMATOME Centre de Calcul SPt3 71380 Saint Marcel France
Tel: (85) 46.80.74 Telex: FRAMCHA CHALN 800668
