02:10C3074.0045.01-B5032 iii 2017 Geneva FER_9-24-18.Docx-10/02/18
Engineer's Construction Certification I, Thomas R. Heins, certify that I am currently a New York State-registered professional engi-neer. I had primary, direct responsibility for the implementation of the subject construction pro-gram and certify that the remedial action at the Former Geneva Foundry Site (NYSDEC Site Number C835027A) for the 21 properties located within OU3, Geneva, New York, were com-pleted in substantial compliance as described in this report and in accordance with the Remedial Construction Work Plan, Former Geneva Foundry Site, Operable Unit 3 Geneva, New York, dated June 2017 and drawings entitled: ■ Former Geneva Foundry Air Deposition Area, OU 3 Site Remediation Phase 1A, NYSDEC
Site No. C835027A, Geneva, New York, issued final on June 30, 2017; ■ Former Geneva Foundry Air Deposition Area, OU 3 Site Remediation Phase 1B, NYSDEC
Site No. C835027A, Geneva, New York, issued final on July 27, 2017; ■ Former Geneva Foundry Air Deposition Area, OU 3 Site Remediation Phase 1C, NYSDEC
Site No. C835027A, Geneva, New York, issued final on September 6, 2017; and ■ Former Geneva Foundry Air Deposition Area, OU 3 Site Remediation Phase 1D, NYSDEC
Site No. C835027A, Geneva, New York, issued final on September 28, 2017.
Signature: _______________________ Thomas R. Heins, P.E.
Program Director Date: September 26, 2018
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able of Contents T Table of Contents Volume 1 Section Page
Engineer's Construction Certification ...................................... iii
1 Introduction .............................................................................. 1-1 1.1 Site Location and Description .......................................................................... 1-2 1.2 Remedial History .............................................................................................. 1-2
2 Summary of the Site Remedy .................................................. 2-1 2.1 Record of Decision and Soil Cleanup Objectives for OU3 .............................. 2-1 2.2 Scope of Work – Major Elements of Remediation .......................................... 2-1
3 Summary of Pre-Remedial Activities ...................................... 3-1 3.1 Community and Property Owner Outreach ...................................................... 3-1 3.2 Pre-Design Investigation .................................................................................. 3-2
3.2.1 Phase I Sampling and Analysis ............................................................ 3-2 3.2.2 Staging Area Sampling and Analysis ................................................... 3-2 3.2.3 Existing Condition Property Surveys ................................................... 3-7 3.2.4 Existing Condition Structural Assessments ......................................... 3-7 3.2.5 Infrastructure Assessments ................................................................... 3-8 3.2.6 Landscape and Tree Inventory ............................................................. 3-8
4.4 Changes to the Project Scope ........................................................................... 4-4
Table of Contents (cont.) Section Page
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4.5 Changes to the Project Schedule ...................................................................... 4-4
5 Remedial Performance and Restoration ................................ 5-1 5.1 Health and Safety Activities ............................................................................. 5-2
5.1.1 Site-Specific Health and Safety Plan (sHASP) .................................... 5-2 5.1.2 Community Air Monitoring Plan ......................................................... 5-3
5.1.2.1 Individual Property Air Monitoring ....................................... 5-3 5.1.2.2 Staging Area Air Monitoring ................................................. 5-4
5.1.3 Vibration Monitoring Plan ................................................................... 5-4 5.2 Removal of Contaminated Soils and Materials ................................................ 5-5 5.3 Other Remedial Actions ................................................................................... 5-5
5.3.1 Transport and Disposal of Excavated Soil ........................................... 5-5 5.3.2 Volume of Excavated Soils .................................................................. 5-6 5.3.3 Waste Profile Approvals for Disposal .................................................. 5-6 5.3.4 Contact Water Management, Sampling, and Disposal ......................... 5-6 5.3.5 Underground Storage Tank Closure ..................................................... 5-7 5.3.6 Well Abandonment .............................................................................. 5-7 5.3.7 Green Remediation ............................................................................... 5-7
5.4 Project Area Restoration .................................................................................. 5-8 5.4.1 City Infrastructure ................................................................................ 5-8 5.4.2 Imported Fill Materials ......................................................................... 5-8
5.5 Final Surveys and Cut-Depth Verification Report ......................................... 5-12 5.6 Project Completion ......................................................................................... 5-12
5.6.1 Substantial Completion of Phase 1 ..................................................... 5-12 5.6.2 Winter Shutdown/Resumption of Remediation ................................. 5-13
5.7 Weather Conditions during Construction ....................................................... 5-13 5.8 Institutional and Engineering Controls .......................................................... 5-14
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Volume 2 Appendix
A Property-Specific Reports ...................................................... A-1
B Staging Area Analytical Results ............................................ B-1
C E & E Daily Inspection Reports .............................................. C-1
D Field Orders ............................................................................. D-1
E Progress Meeting Minutes ...................................................... E-1
F Daily Dust Monitor Reports ..................................................... F-1
G Daily Vibration Monitor Reports ............................................. G-1
H Contaminated Soil Disposal Log ........................................... H-1
I Disposal Facility Approvals...................................................... I-1
J Contact Water Management .................................................... J-1
K Imported Materials Log ........................................................... K-1
L Imported Common Fill Geotechnical and Analytical Results ...................................................................................... L-1
M Common Fill In-Place Compaction Tests .............................. M-1
N Imported Coarse Aggregate Geotechnical and Analytical Results ..................................................................................... N-1
O Coarse Aggregate In-Place Compaction Tests ..................... O-1
P Imported Topsoil Geotechnical and Analytical Results ....... P-1
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R Concrete Compaction Tests ................................................... R-1
S Asphalt Density Test Results ................................................. S-1
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ist of Tables L List of Tables Table Page 5-1 Property Remediation Summary ................................................................................ 5-1
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ist of Figures L List of Figures Figure Page 1-1 Site Location, Former Geneva Foundry Site, Operable Unit 3, Geneva, New
York ........................................................................................................................... 1-5
1-2 Remedial Status as of December 2017, Former Geneva Foundry Site, Operable Unit 3, Geneva, New York ......................................................................... 1-7
3-1 Staging Area SA-1 Sampling Locations, Former Geneva Foundry, Operable Unit 3, Geneva, New York ........................................................................................ 3-3
3-2 Staging Area SA-2 Sampling Locations, Former Geneva Foundry, Operable Unit 3, Geneva, New York ........................................................................................ 3-5
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ist of Abbreviations and Acronyms L List of Abbreviations and Acronyms bgs below ground surface CAMP Community Air Monitoring Plan CO Change Order CY Cubic Yard DER (NYSDEC) Division of Environmental Remediation DER-10 NYSDEC Program Policy DER-10, Technical Guidance for Site Investi-
gation and Remediation DER-31 NYSDEC Program Policy DER-31, Green Remediation DIR Daily Inspection Report DPW Department of Public Works DUSR Data Usability Summary Report E & E Ecology and Environment Engineering and Geology, P.C. EDD Electronic Data Deliverable EQuIS Environmental Quality Information System FER Final Engineering Report Fisher Fisher Associates FO Field Order HAZWOPER Hazardous Waste Operations and Emergency Response LaBella LaBella Associates, D.P.C. IRM Interim Remedial Measure mg/kg milligrams/kilogram mg/L milligrams per liter NFA No Further Action NYCRR New York Codes, Rules, and Regulations NYSDEC New York State Department of Environmental Conservation NYSDOH New York State Department of Health OU Operable Unit PCB Poly Chlorinated Biphenyl
List of Abbreviations and Acronyms (cont.)
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PDI pre-design investigation pH power of hydrogen PID photoionization detector Popli Popli Design Group ppm parts per million PRAP Proposed Remedial Action Plan QA quality assurance QC quality control RAO Remedial Action Objective RCRA Resource Conservation and Recovery Act RI Remedial Investigation ROD Record of Decision ROW right-of-way SCO Soil Cleanup Objective sHASP Site-specific Health and Safety Plan SJB SJB Services, Inc. /Empire Geo-Services, Inc. TUO Temporary Use and Occupancy UST underground storage tank VMU Vibration Monitoring Unit VOC volatile organic compound Work Plan Remediation Work Plan WWTP Wastewater Treatment Plant
This Final Engineering Report (FER) details the completion of the remedial con-struction work performed by LaBella Associates, D.P.C. (LaBella) and their sub-contractors for the Phase 1A through Phase 1D residential properties that make up Operable Unit (OU) 3 of the Former Geneva Foundry site, New York State De-partment of Environmental Conservation (NYSDEC) Site No. C835027A, a Class A - Active Non-Registry site (see Figure 1-1). This work was completed under standby engineering Remedial Action Contract D007617 between NYSDEC and Ecology and Environment Engineering and Ge-ology, P.C. (E & E). The design and construction management were performed as two separate work assignments. Under the contract, Work Assignment No. D007617-43 was issued for the pre-design investigation (PDI), supplemental sam-pling, and remedial design for 30 properties (Phase 1); and Work Assignment D007617-45 was issued for construction management during remediation. La-Bella was contracted directly by NYSDEC under contract No. C100609 as the re-medial contractor to perform the work. Due to the large number of impacted properties within the defined remedial work boundary, the remedial activities for OU3 will be conducted using a phased approach over several years. Remediation was performed in accordance with the Record of Decision (ROD) for the former Geneva Foundry Site Environmental Restoration Project, Operable Units 1, 2, and 3, which was issued by NYSDEC in January 2017 (NYSDEC 2017). The selected remedy for properties within OU3 included the excavation and offsite disposal of soils to achieve the prescribed remedial cleanup levels of 400 parts per million (ppm) lead and 16 ppm of arsenic in soil, in compliance with 6 NYCRR Part 375-6.8 for residential use. As reported in the ROD, other sources of lead and arsenic that are not site-related (lead-based paint, coal ash and other fill, other industrial operations, etc.) also contribute to off-site lead and arsenic concentrations. A PDI was conducted by E & E from April to June 2017 at 30 Phase 1 properties to determine the level and extent of arsenic and lead contami-nation in soils. Remedial designs for these properties were developed from the re-sults of this investigation. Remediation activities began in July 2017 and ended in the fall of the same year. By the end of the 2017 construction season, 21 of the 30 Phase 1 properties had been remediated and restored (see Figure 1-2). Approxi-mately 8,200 cubic yards (CYs) of nonhazardous lead- and arsenic-contaminated soils were excavated and disposed of during the remedial construction.
This report includes the remedial history and a summary of the site remedy, pre-remedial activities, construction management, project administration services, and project performance and restoration completed in accordance with the Remedial Construction Work Plan, Former Geneva Foundry Site, Operable Unit 3, Geneva, New York (Work Plan) (E & E 2017a). Appendix A includes the property-spe-cific reports that summarize the remediation and restoration activities completed for each property remediated under this contract, including information to support the issuance of a No Further Action (NFA) authorization by NYSDEC and the New York State Department of Health (NYSDOH). 1.1 Site Location and Description The former Geneva Foundry (the site) comprised two parcels located across the street from one another (23 Jackson Street [OU1] and 44 Jackson Street [OU2]) in a mixed residential/commercial neighborhood in the city of Geneva, Ontario County, New York. The approximately 2.5-acre site is surrounded by a railroad and commercial property to the south and west, and an automotive repair garage and residential properties to the east and north. A foundry operated at the site from the late 1800s to 1988, and part of the site was a coal yard until expansion of the foundry in the 1940s. The metal working opera-tions conducted on-site resulted in the release of fly ash into the surrounding neighborhood, some of which contained lead and arsenic. NYSDEC completed a preliminary environmental investigation of the site in 1995, including off-site areas surrounding the former foundry (NYSDEC 2017). The NYSDEC investigation identified areas of metals contamination in site soils. The city of Geneva acquired the property in 1998, and entered the NYSDEC En-vironmental Restoration Program in 1999 (NYSDEC 2017). As reported by NYSDEC (2016a), off-site surface soil samples were collected, primarily in 1999, 2005, and 2015. 1.2 Remedial History Interim remedial measures (IRMs) took place at 23 and 44 Jackson Street in 1998 and 2005 (NYSDEC 2017), including the removal and disposal of abandoned containers and the demolition of all foundry buildings, leaving only the concrete slabs and foundation walls. In October 2016, NYSDEC released a Proposed Remedial Action Plan (PRAP) (NYSDEC 2016b) to summarize the proposed remedy to attain the remedial ac-tion objectives (RAOs) identified for the site and to seek community input. In Jan-uary 2017, a final remedy was selected to clean up the contaminated areas defined by three OUs, which include the former foundry properties and the off-site areas impacted by the foundry. OU1 is defined as the on-site parcel identified as 23 Jackson Street, where the foundry primarily operated. OU2 is located across the street from OU1 at 44 Jackson Street, where a warehouse and foundry support op-erations were located. OU3 comprises all off-site areas impacted by contaminants related to historical air emissions from the foundry (NYSDEC 2017).
The remedy for OU3 consists of the removal of contaminated soils at approxi-mately 220 off-site properties, and backfilling excavated areas with clean fill meeting the requirements of 6 New York Codes, Rules, and Regulations (NYCRR) Part 375-6.7(d) (NYSDEC 2017). Work performed under the scope of this report includes 21 residential property parcels along sections of Jackson Street, Center Street, Genesee Street, and State Street within OU3 (see Figure 1-2).
S e n ecaL a ke
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Former Geneva Foundry Site(OU1 & OU2)
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Finger LakesWelcome Center
GenesseePark
GulvinPark
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GenevaGeneral Hospital
GenevaHigh School &Middle School
Finger LakesCommunity College
Geneva CampusCenter
McDonoughPark
Lake FrontPark
Figure 1-1 Site LocationFormer Geneva Foundry Site, Operable Unit 3
Geneva, New York
Former Geneva Foundry Site (OU1 & OU2)Off-site Air Deposition Remedial Boundary (OU-3)Tax Parcel Boundary
Figure 1-2 Remedial Status as of December 2017Former Geneva Foundry Site, Operable Unit 3
Geneva, New York
Former Geneva Foundry Site (OU1 & OU2)Off-site Air DepositionRemedial Boundary (OU-3)Tax Parcel BoundaryDesign Complete (31 Total)Design in Progress (47 Total)Remediation Complete (21 Total)Screening Sampling Completed 2017or Pending; Under Evaluation (88 Total)No Access (15 Total)Sampled by DEC in 2015 or Earlier;Exceedances Identified (63 Total)Sampled by DEC in 2015 or Earlier;No Exceedances (5 Total)No Further Action (19 Total)0 200 400
2.1 Record of Decision and Soil Cleanup Objectives for OU3
Goals for the remediation program were established through the remedy selection process stated in 6 NYCRR Part 375, and documented in the ROD (NYSDEC 2017). As stated in the ROD, “OU 03: All site-related off-site soils which exceed resi-dential SCOs [Soil Cleanup Objectives], as defined by 6 NYCRR Part 375-6.8, will be excavated and transported off-site for disposal. Contaminated soil associ-ated with deposition from site emissions will be removed from approximately 220 off-site properties which will be identified during the remedial design. Excavation depths will be identified during the remedial design, but are expected to be limited to the upper 1 foot of soil. Clean fill meeting the requirements of 6 NYCRR Part 375-6.7(d) will be brought in to replace the excavated soil or complete the back-filling of the excavation and establish the designed grades at each property.” Green remediation principles and techniques will also be implemented to the ex-tent feasible in the design, implementation, and site management of the remedy as per NYSDEC Program Policy DER-31, Green Remediation (DER-31) (NYSDEC 2011).
2.2 Scope of Work – Major Elements of Remediation The remedial activities performed for this project included soil excavation and in-kind restoration of remediated properties to pre-remedial conditions as follows: Excavation Activities ■ Mobilization and demobilization; ■ Removal of trees and shrubs; ■ Selective demolition (e.g., driveways, sidewalks, concrete pads); ■ Protection and/or removal and staging of property features for reuse (e.g.,
fencing, sheds); ■ Excavation of contaminated soils; and ■ Transport and off-site disposal of excavated soils and demolition debris.
Restoration Activities ■ Placement, grading, and compaction of backfill; ■ Placement of topsoil and soil amendments; ■ Revegetation of disturbed areas (sod lawn installation); ■ Replanting of shrubs and trees; and ■ Restoration of sidewalks, driveways, patios, and other property features.
3.1 Community and Property Owner Outreach Following the release of the PRAP in October 2016, NYSDEC released a fact-sheet (NYSDEC 2016c) and hosted a public availability session. The first availa-bility session was held on October 18, 2016, and provided members of the com-munity an opportunity to verbally comment on the plan and ask NYSDEC staff questions about the site conditions and the proposed remedy. Written comments were also accepted during the public comment period from October 11 to Novem-ber 25, 2016. A second public availability session was held on July 12, 2017, and provided members of the community with an opportunity to question NYSDEC, NYSDOH, and E & E staff about the site conditions, ongoing sampling and remediation ac-tivities, and future activities. E & E assisted NYSDEC with the preparation of a factsheet in advance of the availability session that provided details about the ses-sion and a status update of site activities. E & E mailed the factsheets and infor-mation about the upcoming public availability session to OU3 properties, absen-tee landlords, local government officials, and the media in advance. Prior to the PDI and remedial design, NYSDEC, with the assistance of E & E, ob-tained written consent from each homeowner granting access to NYSDEC repre-sentatives to collect soil samples, perform surveys, and inspect the property in or-der to prepare a property-specific design. Following PDI activities, E & E re-viewed analytical results and developed property-specific remedial plans, and then met with homeowners to discuss the results and review the remediation pro-cess. Homeowners provided written consent to NYSDEC and its contractors al-lowing temporary use and occupancy (TUO) of the property to implement the fi-nal remedial designs. E & E provided a dedicated homeowner liaison to meet with residents throughout Phase 1 (2017) construction activities. The homeowner liaison made phone calls to residents with construction status updates, received calls when questions or is-sues arose, documented discussions and meetings with homeowners for NYSDEC and NYSDOH, and communicated homeowner concerns to the project team in or-der to expedite the resolution of issues. This liaison also participated in construc-
tion progress meetings every other week to stay informed on construction activi-ties and provide routine updates to the project team regarding communications with residents. 3.2 Pre-Design Investigation 3.2.1 Phase I Sampling and Analysis A PDI was completed by E & E to better define the extent of lead and arsenic contamination at each property (E & E 2018). PDI data were used to determine the excavation depths and limits at each property. The property owners for each of the 30 Phase 1 properties granted access to NYSDEC for PDI sampling. Sam-pling was performed in accordance with the approved Pre-remedial Design Inves-tigation Residential Soil Sampling and Analysis Plan (E & E 2017b). The Sam-pling and Analysis Plan (SAP) included procedures for determining sampling lo-cations, sampling methodology, investigation-derived waste (IDW) disposal, and quality assurance/quality control (QA/QC) during sample collection and review of analytical data. E & E provided analytical results in NYSDEC’s Electronic Data Deliverable (EDD) format and uploaded the data to NYSDEC’s Environmental Quality Information System (EQuIS) database. Initial sampling was conducted from April to June 2017. Following review of the initial sampling data, additional sampling was conducted in June 2017 to address data gaps. A supplemental sampling event took place in July 2017. No Phase 1 property owners denied access for sampling or remedial construction. During the PDI conducted by E & E (E & E 2018), arsenic and lead were detected in most samples collected; with arsenic values in the range of 1 to 119 parts per million (ppm), and lead in the range of 6.4 to 38,000 ppm. The PDI report de-scribes field activities and findings of the investigation. 3.2.2 Staging Area Sampling and Analysis Two staging areas were prepared for use during the 2017 remedial construction, and will remain in use for future project phases. The first is located on a city-owned parcel referred to herein as “SA-1” or “State Street staging area” and is bounded by 47 State Street on the east and railroad tracks on the west. SA-1 is lo-cated within the OU3 boundary and is adjacent to some of the 2017 remedial properties. The second staging area, also located on city-owned property, is lo-cated at 160 Lehigh Street and is referred to as “SA-2” or “Lehigh Street staging area”. SA-2 is located outside of the OU3 boundary, approximately 1 mile from the project area. Access agreements with the City of Geneva are in place for both staging areas; SA-1 through December 31, 2018, and SA-2 through December 31, 2020. NYSDEC and E & E will coordinate with the City for extensions to the ac-cess agreements as needed to keep the staging areas in use for future project phases. E & E collected samples at both staging areas between April and May 2017 to document existing, preconstruction conditions prior to commencement of Phase 1 construction. Staging area sampling locations are identified on Figures 3-1 and 3-2. Summaries of the results of this investigation are provided in Ap-pendix B.
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Figure 3-1 Staging Area SA-1 Sampling Locations Former Geneva Foundry Site Operable Unit 3, Geneva, New York
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Figure 3-2 Staging Area SA-2 Sampling Locations Former Geneva Foundry Site Operable Unit 3, Geneva, New York
At SA-1, 91 samples were collected from 24 locations and analyzed. Because SA-1 is located within the OU3 boundary and will be a future remediation parcel, all samples were analyzed for total arsenic and total lead at 6-inch intervals from 0 to 24 inches below ground surface (bgs). Of the 91 samples collected, three samples from the 0-6 inch interval were tested for the full suite of parameters identified in the Unrestricted Use SCO limits in 6 NYCRR Part 375, Table 375-6.8(a). In addition, 25 samples were also analyzed for PCBs at varying 6-inch intervals between 0 and 18 inches bgs. The additional PCB analysis was performed at the request of NYSDEC due to potential impacts from historic usage by NYS Electric and Gas. Only one of the 24 sampling locations had PCBs above the 1 ppm Resi-dential Use SCO limit in 6 NYCRR Part 375, Table 375-6.8(b). SA-1 will be one of the final properties remediated in OU3. Samples collected in 2017 will be used to develop an excavation plan for remedial activities on the property. At SA-2, 13 samples were collected and analyzed. Six samples were collected from 0-6 inches bgs, six samples were collected from 6-12 inches bgs, and one sample was collected from 12-18 inches bgs. Of the 13 samples collected, 11 were analyzed for total arsenic and total lead, and two were analyzed in accord-ance with DER-10 (NYSDEC 2010), Appendix 5, Allowable Constituent Levels for Imported Fill or Soil, Subdivision 5.4(e). Following the completion of OU3 remedial activities, post-construction sampling will be performed at the same lo-cations at SA-2, and these results will be compared with preconstruction results. 3.2.3 Existing Condition Property Surveys E & E subcontracted Popli Design Group (Popli), a New York State-licensed land surveyor, to provide baseline property boundary and topographic surveys for 30 residential properties in spring of 2017. Initial surveys established site bench-marks, individual property boundaries, public rights-of-way, public underground utilities, and roads within the designated areas. Additionally, all observable site features relevant to the remediation and restoration work were identified and lo-cated. These included, but were not limited to: sheds, fences, decks, pools, land-scaping, trees, driveways, sidewalks, and private on-site utilities. Landscaping items were not identified by type but included planting bed boundaries or individ-ual trees where applicable. Topography was surveyed using 6-inch contours for each residential property. These initial surveys were used to develop remedial plans. Surveys were performed with horizontal coordinates in New York State Plane West Zone using the North American Datum 1983 and vertical elevations relative to North American Vertical Datum of 1988. LaBella performed survey-ing at SA-1 prior to their mobilization to the site. 3.2.4 Existing Condition Structural Assessments In spring of 2017, Popli performed baseline structural assessments under subcon-tract to E & E for 33 properties (30 properties that were part of this remedial ef-fort and three properties adjacent to areas subject to remedial action) to observe
and document existing conditions of residences and garage structures. During the assessments, structural components on the exterior and interior of each residence and garage were examined. Non-structural components potentially subject to im-pacts during construction were also observed. Most residences were in good con-dition except for minor deficiencies consisting of non-structural/cosmetic issues and minor deterioration of foundation wall mortar joints in basements. Three resi-dential structure were found to have more substantial deficiencies: At 38 Jackson Street (a city-owned abandoned parcel), the garage was observed to be leaning to-wards the adjacent properties residence and was recommended for demolition prior to working in the vicinity of the structure; at 180 Exchange Street, two brick support pilasters in the basement of the structure were observed to have signifi-cant deterioration; and at 172 Exchange Street, deteriorated brick pilasters and loose/deteriorated foundation stone were observed in one corner of the basement. In all three cases, the findings were reported to the homeowners. Based on the completed structural assessments, Popli recommended protective measures to be used during remediation and earthmoving activities. Observations and recom-mendations are described in Popli’s Structural Condition Assessment Report (Popli 2018). 3.2.5 Infrastructure Assessments The condition of infrastructure along proposed truck routes on city-operated roads was visually assessed and documented prior to the start of remedial activities in accordance with E & E’s Municipal Infrastructure Protection and Restoration Plan for Remediation of the Former Geneva Foundry Site, Operable Unit #3, Ge-neva, New York, June 2017 (Infrastructure Protection Plan) (E & E 2017c). Infra-structure assessment and documentation consisted of the following: ■ Review of available utility maps, utility mark outs, and other available utility
location information provided by utility owners. ■ Photographic and/or video documentation of features and appurtenances
within the rights-of-way along the proposed truck routes, from the inside (resi-dential) edges of village sidewalks on both sides of the road. This included, but was not limited to, sidewalks, roads, curbs, grass medians, lamp posts, hy-drants, pavement, manhole covers, storm grates, and utility poles.
■ Video documentation of subsurface sewer pipes (gravity-fed sewer mains, manholes, and catch basins), where accessible. Invert depths below grade were noted where possible.
The Infrastructure Protection Plan (E & E 2017c) and a request for a waiver of the city’s 5-ton truck weight limit was provided in writing to City Manager Matt Horn on June 8, 2017. A waiver of the 5-ton truck weight limit was granted by the City Manager by email on June 15, 2017. 3.2.6 Landscape and Tree Inventory Prior to construction, E & E completed an existing plant and tree inventory for each residential property. E & E subcontracted to Urban Forest Analytics, LLC
for the tree inventory and evaluation. The tree evaluation identified tree type, age, and condition; structural defects; the size of the tree root protection zone (RPZ); and an estimate on the life expectancy and feasibility of preserving the tree based on proposed excavation limits. Recommendations from the tree inventory and evaluation were incorporated into the individual property-specific design plans. 3.3 Remedial Design A phased remediation approach was implemented for both design and construc-tion in order to streamline the project schedule and minimize disruption in the community. E & E prepared the following design documents for the remediation work: ■ Remedial Construction Work Plan (Work Plan) – Remedial Construction
Work Plan, Former Geneva Foundry Site, Operable Unit 3, Geneva, New York, June 2017 (E & E 2017a). The Work Plan provides procedures, roles, and responsibilities for the engineer, contractors, subcontractors, and NYSDEC; and general and detailed project specifications for excavation, backfill, asphalt paving, concrete, fencing, and transportation and disposal.
■ Property-Specific Excavation Plans – design drawings, including general notes, limits of excavation, and construction details indicating the removal and replacement of property-specific features.
■ Property-Specific Restoration Plans – design drawings, including general notes and construction details indicating the replacement of any property fea-tures.
■ Municipal Infrastructure Protection and Restoration Plan (Infrastructure Pro-tection Plan) – Municipal Infrastructure Protection and Restoration Plan for Remediation of the Former Geneva Foundry Site, Operable Unit #3, Geneva, New York, June 2017 (E & E 2017c). This plan provides details for pre- and post-construction surface infrastructure and subsurface sanitary sewer condi-tion assessment and documentation, a traffic plan, trucking restrictions, and restoration considerations in the event that infrastructure is damaged by con-struction.
■ Community Protection Plan – methods for maintaining safe ingress/egress for property residents, protection for excavation areas, traffic control, and other safety procedures to be employed at the work site (E & E 2017d).
■ Community Air Monitoring Plan (CAMP) – Community Air Monitoring Plan for Remedial Action at the Former Geneva Foundry Site, Geneva, New York (E & E 2017e). This plan provides requirements for on-site and downwind dust monitoring in accordance with NYSDEC’s DER-10.
■ Vibration Monitoring Plan – Vibration Monitoring Plan for Remedial Action at the Former Geneva Foundry Site, Geneva, New York (E & E 2017f). This
plan provides requirements for monitoring of vibrations during intrusive con-struction activities and mitigation measures when excessive vibrational energy occurs.
■ Site-Specific Health and Safety Plan (sHASP) – guidelines for protecting the health and safety of E & E field staff (E & E 2017g). All contractors and sub-contractors working at the site were required to prepare and adhere to their own sHASPs.
In 2017, design drawings were prepared for five phases, Phase 1A through Phase 1E. The phases allowed for remediation to begin on a subset of properties while design activities continued on others. The following steps were taken to prepare remedial design drawings for each phase:
■ Preliminary draft excavation areas were submitted to NYSDEC and
NYSDOH for review and approval; ■ Draft excavation and restoration plans were prepared for individual properties,
and homeowner meetings were held to discuss the overall work and identify any concerns;
■ Final excavation and restoration plans were prepared and issued for construc-tion along with the Phase 1 Work Plan (E & E 2017a); and
■ E & E met with respective homeowners to review and sign off on final plans prior to starting remedial activities at each property.
Excavation depths and limits were based on the prescribed remedial cleanup lev-els in the ROD of 400 ppm lead and 16 ppm arsenic in soil, in compliance with 6 NYCRR Part 375-6.8 for residential use (NYSDEC 2017). Excavation depths for each property were determined by reviewing each sampling location and estab-lishing the depth at which excavation would achieve the remedial goals. This depth was maintained until reaching the next sample location indicating a change in excavation depth, including across property boundaries. Exceptions to this were at locations adjacent to residences or large structures on each property, such as garages. E & E’s proposed excavation areas and depths conservatively took into account that no confirmation sampling was required by NYSDEC or NYSDOH following excavation when determining excavation depths.
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4.1 Engineering Services during Construction E & E provided engineering services during the remedial construction. E & E provided construction inspection and management; prepared daily inspection re-ports (DIRs); performed air monitoring in accordance with the CAMP (E & E 2017e); performed vibration monitoring in accordance with the Vibration Moni-toring Plan (E & E 2017f); collected samples for characterization of clean fill ma-terials, contaminated soils, and wastewater; and addressed homeowner comments and/or concerns during the remedial process. DIRs document the construction progress at the site throughout the remedial con-struction period. Each DIR documents the remedial construction inspection per-formed during the day and provides photos of major aspects of the work. Addi-tionally, any issues encountered during construction are noted in the DIRs. DIRs documenting the work performed by LaBella and its subcontractors are provided in Appendix C. E & E held construction progress meetings every week or every other week, re-viewed contractor submittals, responded to questions from the contractor in the field, and issued field orders (FOs) to LaBella and its subcontractors, as neces-sary, to account for changes in the design or in response to questions from the field. An FO log and copies of all FOs are provided in Appendix D. E & E utilized several subcontractors to support engineering services during de-sign and construction: ■ Popli Design Group (Popli), Penfield, New York – provided preconstruction
structural and property surveys; ■ Fisher Associates (Fisher), Rochester, New York – provided surveys of exca-
vation depths and limits, and post-construction final surveys; ■ Urban Forest Analytics, Geneva, New York – provided a tree inventory and
condition assessments; and
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■ SJB Services, Inc. /Empire Geo Services, Inc. (SJB), Hamburg, New York – provided concrete and compaction testing.
4.2 NYSDEC Standby Callout Contractor Services 4.2.1 LaBella Associates, D.P.C. LaBella provided remedial construction services for the Former Geneva Foundry OU3 site remediation project as a New York State Standby Callout Remedial Contractor (ID 129559) under contract No. C100609. LaBella provided general contracting services that included, but were not limited to, mobilization and de-mobilization, site clearing and selective demolition, excavation, transport and dis-posal of contaminated soils, placement of clean backfill, and property restoration. LaBella also provided site services for the duration of the project, including provi-sion of site security, field offices, generators, erosion and sediment controls, stag-ing/stockpiling and processing areas, and sanitary facilities. LaBella mobilized two field office trailers and one equipment trailer to the site prior to the start of the construction season. Their responsibilities are described in detail in the Work Plan (E & E 2017a). The following subcontractors and suppliers were used by LaBella to support their services for the project: ■ Kimball Trucking, Webster, New York – waste and material transport; ■ Lakeside Sod Supply Co., Inc., Clarence Center, New York – sod supply; ■ Perennial Lawn & Landscape, Farmington, New York – sod installation; ■ F.G. Rayburn Mason Contractors, Canandaigua, New York – concrete instal-
lation; ■ Cross Cut Enterprise, Perry, New York – asphalt installation; ■ Terry Tree Service, Rochester, New York – tree removal; ■ Atlas Fence, East Syracuse, New York – fence installation; ■ Reale Fence, Geneva, New York – fence installation; ■ Woodtex, Himrod, New York – shed installation; ■ Tru Lawn Care and Landscaping, Geneva, New York – topsoil supply and
landscaping services; ■ Dendis Sand and Gravel, Phelps, New York – common fill; ■ Hanson Aggregates, Oaks Corners, New York – coarse aggregate; 4.2.2 TestAmerica Laboratories, Inc. TestAmerica Laboratories, Inc., NYSDEC’s Standby Callout Laboratory (Callout Contractor ID 122853), provided analytical support services for the Former Ge-neva Foundry OU3 site remediation project.
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4.3 Project Administration 4.3.1 Preconstruction Meetings Prior to the start of Phase 1 construction, an initial meeting and site walk-through was held to introduce project team members, familiarize the project team with the site, and discuss the project schedule and overall objectives. The Phase 1 preconstruction meeting and site walk through was held on May 8, 2017, with representatives from NYSDEC, E & E, and LaBella. The meeting in-cluded a walk-through of the residential blocks where remedial construction was planned. 4.3.2 Progress Meetings Progress meetings were usually held every week or every other week at the engi-neer’s trailer in the staging area (SA-1) with representatives from NYSDEC, NYSDOH, LaBella, and E & E. E & E prepared and distributed an agenda prior to each meeting, as well as meeting minutes following each meeting. Comments regarding the previous meeting minutes were discussed and documented at the following progress meeting. Twelve progress meetings were held during 2017 construction. Copies of the pro-gress meeting minutes are presented in chronological order in Appendix E. 4.3.3 Submittal Reviews E & E reviewed submittals for general conformance with the Work Plan (E & E 2017a) and design drawings. This generally included review of laboratory analy-sis of imported project materials (e.g., common fill) and materials for disposal (e.g., stored contact water). 4.3.4 Field Orders (FOs) Sixteen FOs were issued by E & E in response to changes in field conditions and to revise restoration plans based on homeowner input and engineer cost review. An FO log and copies of all FOs are provided in Appendix D. Homeowner-requested changes to in-kind property restoration that had been ap-proved and issued as part of FOs were reviewed to verify they would not be con-sidered a capital improvement or have a significant cost impact on the project. 4.3.5 Sampling and Analysis E & E collected, documented, and shipped samples in coordination with NYSDEC’s callout laboratory for sampling and analysis necessary to complete the work. Activities associated with sample analytical results included perform-ing QA/QC for analytical data, providing analytical results in NYSDEC’s Elec-tronic Data Deliverable format, and uploading the results to NYSDEC’s EQuIS database. Samples were also collected for the following purposes: ■ Characterization of imported fill materials (e.g., common fill, topsoil, aggre-
gate, sod);
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■ Characterization of contaminated soil and materials for waste profiling prior to disposal;
■ Analysis of contact water generated from dewatering and decontamination ac-tivities;
■ Document existing, preconstruction conditions of staging areas prior to com-mencement of Phase 1 construction, as discussed in Section 3.2.2.
The procedures and methods used for sampling and analysis of the material listed above are provided in Section 5. 4.4 Changes to the Project Scope The following scope changes were made to the remedial excavation areas during 2017 Phase 1 construction activities: ■ Based on discovery and inspection of an underground utility box located in
the right-of-way (ROW) on the west side of the 65 Genesee Street parcel, La-Bella determined it was unsafe to excavate the soil to design depth without an exact utility mark-out and utility company supervision. No work was per-formed in the ROW in 2017. It is expected to be remediated when work takes place at other properties along Genesee Street. Excavation is anticipated to reach a depth of 12 inches.
■ As part of FO No. 004, a thin strip of property on the west side of 79 State Street was excavated to 12-inches and restored along with excavation and res-toration work taking place at neighboring 81 State Street.
■ As part of FO No. 002, the dirt floor of the garage at 22 State Street was exca-vated to a depth of 12 inches and restored with compacted gravel.
4.5 Changes to the Project Schedule Phase 1 remediation and backfill activities began on July 10, 2017, and concluded on November 14, 2017. Property restoration activities, including placement and grading of topsoil, placement of sod, and concrete restoration, followed by demo-bilization and winterization, continued until December 22, 2017. Shed and fenc-ing installation were the only activities to continue into January 2018. Ten to 15 residential properties on Jackson, Center, Genesee, and streets were anticipated to be remediated in 2017, including two properties operating as New York State daycare facilities. It was understood by the project team that this schedule was subject to change based on continuing Phase 1 homeowner discussions, weather impacts, and fall/winter weather and limitations to restoration activities. The prop-erties at 8, 10, and 12 Jackson Street were added to the 2017 schedule due to homeowner concerns and NYSDEC’s preference to have work completed on Jackson Street before the city of Geneva began remediation at the OU1 parcel across the street. With a generally warm, dry summer, proximity of the properties to staging area SA-1, and orientation of the properties such that LaBella could work between
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backyards, construction was completed for 21 properties, several more than antic-ipated. All remediated properties were substantially restored in 2017, although most land-scaping items were held up due to cold weather conditions and were subsequently completed in 2018. Asphalt top coat application and/or sealing will also be per-formed at several properties in 2018.
A summary of work completed for Phases 1A through 1D through the end of 2017 is provided below in Table 5-1.
Table 5-1 Property Remediation Summary
Property Address
Remedial Action Start
Date
Remedial Action Substantial Completion
Date1 Remedial Status 88 Center Street 9/26/2017 11/1/2017 Substantially complete. Landscaping
restored in 2018. 90 Center Street 8/31/2017 11/1/2017 Substantially complete. Landscaping
restored in 2018 along with delivery of fencing materials.
65 Genesee Street 7/24/2017 9/18/2017 Substantially complete. Landscaping restored in 2018. ROW on Genesee Street still requires excavation and restoration.
8 Jackson Street 9/12/2017 10/19/2017 Remediation and restoration complete. 12 Jackson Street 9/11/2017 9/22/2017 Substantially complete. Landscaping
restored in 2018. Driveway sealing planned for fall 2018.
16 Jackson Street 9/11/2017 9/22/2017 Substantially complete. Landscaping restored in 2018. Driveway sealing planned for fall 2018.
28/30 Jackson Street
8/23/2017 9/20/2017 Substantially complete. Landscaping restored in 2018. Driveway sealing planned for fall 2018.
34 Jackson Street 8/21/2017 9/28/2017 Substantially complete. Landscaping restored in 2018.
38 Jackson Street 8/11/2017 9/22/2017 Substantially complete. Landscaping restored in 2018.
40 Jackson Street 8/11/2017 9/19/2017 Substantially complete. Landscaping restored in 2018.
42 Jackson Street 8/8/2017 8/17/2017 Remediation and restoration complete.
1 Substantial completion is defined as completion of excavation and backfill, and restoration of
concrete, asphalt, sod, gravel, and entryway steps, as applicable. Does not include installation of fencing, sheds, or landscaping.
Date1 Remedial Status 21 State Street 9/21/2017 10/25/2017 Substantially complete. Landscaping
restored and driveway repaired in 2018. 22 State Street 7/17/2017 8/18/2017 Substantially complete. Landscaping
partially restored in 2017; completed in 2018.
23 State Street 10/10/2017 10/26/2017 Substantially complete. Landscaping restored in 2018.
25 State Street 10/11/2017 10/26/2017 Remediation and restoration complete. 29 State Street 10/12/2017 10/26/2017 Remediation and restoration complete. 31 State Street 10/23/2017 11/16/2017 Substantially complete. Landscaping
restored in 2018. 35 State Street 10/17/2017 12/4/2017 Substantially complete. Landscaping
restored in 2018. 41 State Street 10/18/2017 12/4/2017 Substantially complete. Landscaping and
top coat of asphalt driveway restored in 2018.
47 State Street 10/31/2017 12/1/2017 Substantially complete. Landscaping restored in 2018.
5.1 Health and Safety Activities 5.1.1 Site-Specific Health and Safety Plan (sHASP) Prior to construction, E & E prepared a sHASP. The standards and requirements documented in the sHASP were based on (a) Occupational Safety and Health Ad-ministration Standards and Regulations contained in Title 29, Code of Federal Regulations Parts 1910 and 1926; (b) applicable sections of the New York State Labor Law; (c) the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s Office of Emergency and Remedial Response Program; and (d) the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health’s procedures to provide safe operations at abandoned hazardous waste disposal sites. These standards and requirements included: ■ Project health and safety responsibilities and organization, ■ Training and medical surveillance documentation, ■ Personnel and equipment decontamination procedures, ■ Emergency and first aid requirements, and ■ Logs, reports, and record keeping. The sHASP also described decontamination procedures for project personnel and equipment and provided guidelines for the disposal of used personal protective equipment. E & E provided copies of annual health and Hazardous Waste Opera-tions and Emergency Response (HAZWOPER) refresher training certifications
for their personnel to NYSDEC for on-site record-keeping purposes. E & E con-ducted daily safety meetings to communicate appropriate procedures and opera-tions. Prior to the start of Phase 1 construction, LaBella submitted a HASP to E & E for review. LaBella also provided E & E with copies of medical surveillance exami-nations and 40-hour HAZWOPER and refresher training certifications for the in-dividual LaBella personnel. Updated medical surveillance and training certifica-tions were provided by LaBella prior to the start of Phase 1. E & E’s subcontrac-tors SJB, Fisher, Urban Forest Analytics, and Popli also submitted HASPs prior to working on-site. LaBella maintained responsibility for all work zone health and safety requirements and controls during construction, with the exception of air and vibration monitoring, which were performed by E & E and are discussed in the sections below. 5.1.2 Community Air Monitoring Plan Real-time air monitoring was performed by E & E during intrusive work activities (excavation and backfilling) in accordance with the Community Air Monitoring Plan for Remedial Action at the Former Geneva Foundry Site, Geneva, New York (E & E 2017e). CAMP monitoring was performed in accordance with NYSDEC’s DER-10 (NYSDEC 2010). Real-time air monitoring for dust, including continuous aerosol monitoring for particulate matter measuring 10 microns or less (PM10), was performed during re-medial activities using DustTrak dust meters. Action levels for airborne contami-nants were established in accordance with applicable regulatory guidelines and are detailed in E & E’s CAMP. Each monitor was equipped with data-logging ca-pabilities, and the data were downloaded and reviewed by trained personnel on a daily basis. A log of the location, time, type, and value of each reading was main-tained along with a sketch of the work area depicting monitoring locations, wind direction, property address, and work completed on a daily basis. Audible and visual alarms alerted E & E’s field inspectors when emissions measured at a given monitor exceeded regulatory levels. Air monitoring activities were suspended during rain and snow events. Fugitive dust emissions that could impact areas out-side the site, such as emissions caused by the movement of trucks and equipment, were also visually monitored by E & E field inspectors. Corrective actions were taken by LaBella, in coordination with E & E personnel, whenever dust was ob-served during the work. The daily inspection reports provided in Appendix C in-clude a summary of all air monitoring triggers and exceedances recorded on a given day, and the approximate field locations of each monitor during the day’s work. Copies of submitted daily air monitoring results are provided in Appendix F. 5.1.2.1 Individual Property Air Monitoring E & E performed and documented air sampling and real-time air monitoring up-wind and downwind of intrusive activities as individual properties were remedi-ated. E & E maintained a log of the downloaded data for each day that intrusive
operations (excavation or backfilling) were performed at each property. Four real-time dust monitors were routinely set up each day around the excavation area to monitor dust emissions during intrusive work—one upwind, two downwind, and one within the exclusion zone. On rare instances when the work area was too small to warrant a fourth monitor, three monitors were used, excluding one down-wind monitor. Air monitoring locations for individual properties were determined on a daily basis and were subject to change throughout the day based on field con-ditions, such as wind direction, location of intrusive activities, and location of the nearest downwind receptor. Additional monitors were set up as needed when in-trusive work was taking place across multiple properties. The location of each monitor was recorded on a sketch, which was included in each of E & E’s DIRs. 5.1.2.2 Staging Area Air Monitoring E & E performed and documented air sampling and real-time air monitoring for “at-risk” personnel working in the established exclusion zones at staging area SA-2 whenever contaminated soils were staged and when the contaminated soil stockpile was not covered. At a minimum, four real-time dust monitors were used to monitor emissions for ongoing work within the exclusion zone—one in every cardinal direction. Dust monitoring locations were generally set in the same loca-tions, although they were subject to change based on daily activities. The location of each monitor was recorded on a sketch, which was included in each of E & E’s DIRs 5.1.3 Vibration Monitoring Plan E & E performed real-time vibration monitoring as individual properties were re-mediated and restored in accordance with the Vibration Monitoring Plan (EEEPC 2017f). Vibration monitoring was conducted during excavation and backfill activ-ities, including compaction of backfill. E & E documented vibration monitoring locations and maintained a log of the downloaded data for each day that intrusive operations (excavation or backfilling) were performed at each property. Typically, four real-time vibration monitoring units (VMUs) were set up daily, prior to the start of work, as follows: one unit immediately adjacent to the residential structure on the subject property, one unit at each of the two nearest neighboring residential structures, and one unit outside of the work area along the truck route. VMU loca-tions were subject to change throughout the day as intrusive activities moved to different areas. The location of each monitor was recorded on a sketch, which was included in each of E & E’s DIRs. Each day E & E compiled the vibration monitoring data into a report that included levels recorded for that date and any triggers that exceeded the recommended vi-bration levels. When an exceedance was reported, E & E reviewed the cause and discussed mitigation measures with LaBella to reduce potential impacts on struc-tures from vibrational energy. Most exceedances resulted from direct disturbance by construction equipment or personnel working in proximity to the VMU. These exceedances were not indicative of the overall work performed.
The daily inspection reports provided in Appendix C include a summary of all vi-bration exceedances recorded on a given day, and the approximate field locations of each monitor during the day’s work. Daily vibration reports are provided in Appendix G. 5.2 Removal of Contaminated Soils and Materials Excavation, removal, and disposal of contaminated soils from 21 properties within OU3 was completed during Phase 1 construction. Remedial efforts are dis-cussed in the following subsections. Prior to excavation at each property, excavation areas were delineated in the field by the surveyor (Fisher) based on the coordinates provided in the final design drawings. Trees and shrubs were removed by Terry Tree Services. Each delineated area was excavated by LaBella in substantial compliance with the depths indicated on the final design drawings or as directed by field orders. The completed excavation areas were then surveyed prior to backfilling to verify that vertical and horizontal excavation limits had been achieved. Cut depth, verifica-tion data, site photos, and survey methods are provided in each property-specific Construction Completion Report (see Appendix A). To prevent excavation equipment and trailers from coming in contact with con-taminated areas, mats were placed across each property and moved as the work areas shifted. Excavated soils were placed in polyethylene-lined trailers and typi-cally transported directly off-site for disposal. Materials transported to the Lehigh Avenue staging area for stockpiling and storage prior to disposal were covered with plastic sheeting and secured. Stockpiles were inspected daily to confirm they remained covered. 5.3 Other Remedial Actions 5.3.1 Transport and Disposal of Excavated Soil Kimball Trucking, Inc., a NYSDEC Part 364 permitted transporter, transported all excavated materials generated during the work. LaBella typically direct-loaded excavated soils at each property into polyethylene-lined Kimball Trucking trailers for transport to the Ontario County Landfill in Stanley, New York. When it was necessary to stockpile soil, Kimball Trucking followed the designated truck routes identified in E & E’s Municipal Infrastructure Protection and Restoration Plan (E & E 2017c) to transport soils excavated from the remediated properties to the Lehigh Avenue staging area. The State Street staging area was not used for the stockpiling of any contaminated materials. Materials transported to the staging area for stockpiling and storage prior to disposal were covered with plastic sheet-ing and secured. Stockpiles were checked daily to confirm they remained covered and secure. At the end of the construction season, stockpiled contaminated soils at the staging area were loaded into Kimball Trucking trailers and transported to the Ontario County landfill for disposal. Each load was weighed at the facility
before disposal. Disposal manifests were provided to LaBella, and LaBella dis-tributed copies to E & E. A summary of the manifests and weights of disposed material are provided in Appendix H. As part of the project’s green remediation efforts, all soil disposed of at the On-tario County Landfill was designated for reuse at the landfill as alternative daily cover. 5.3.2 Volume of Excavated Soils The remedial designs estimated that 5,300 CYs of nonhazardous soil would be ex-cavated from the residential parcels completed during Phase 1 of remedial con-struction. The volume of soil excavated was calculated based on the weight re-ported in the disposal manifests. The total volumes excavated at the OU3 site, based on exported weights, was 5,522 CYs in 2017. 5.3.3 Waste Profile Approvals for Disposal Excavated materials were disposed of at the Ontario County Landfill in Stanley, New York. In accordance with the Work Plan (E & E 2017a), LaBella submitted a waste profile to the disposal facility for approval. The waste profile for Phase I was approved in July 2017. The profile included the estimated tonnage of mate-rial to be disposed of during Phase 1. Due to the excavation of higher density ma-terials than anticipated, LaBella requested and was granted an amendment to the profile in November 2017 to increase the approved quantity from 8,100 tons to 9,500 tons. Concrete and asphalt were also disposed of as contaminated materials instead of being recycled, due to difficulties removing excess soils from these ma-terials. Soil samples used to generate the waste profile were collected by E & E in ac-cordance with disposal facility requirements and as documented in the Waste Pro-file Sampling Report, Former Geneva Foundry Site, NYSDEC Site No. C835027A, Geneva, New York, July 2017 (Waste Profile Sampling Report) (E & E 2017h), including Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure analysis for all locations sampled. Disposal facility approvals are provided in Appendix I. 5.3.4 Contact Water Management, Sampling, and Disposal Contact water generated during work activities was stored at the Lehigh Street staging area in a 21,000-gallon storage tank. The majority of water collected fol-lowed rainfall events when accumulated water was pumped from open excavation areas and from the contaminated materials stockpile containment area. A small amount of contact water was also generated from the decontamination of vehicles and equipment. The tank water level was measured and recorded by E & E on a weekly basis. Prior to disposal at the Marsh Creek Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP), con-tact water was filtered through a 1-micron filter and stored in a secondary tank at the staging area for sample collection. Samples were collected by E & E from the filtered water tank and submitted to TestAmerica of Amherst, New York, for
analysis. Samples were analyzed for parameters required by the City of Geneva per Chapter 277, Article VII of the city code, including total arsenic and lead, to-tal suspended matter, total organic carbon, and pH. Sample analytical results were provided to the DPW for review and approval prior to disposal through a designated drain inlet near the staging area. Discharge limits and test results are provided in Appendix J. A total of approximately 20,000 gallons of filtered con-tact water was discharged to the Marsh Creek WWTP during Phase 1 construc-tion. 5.3.5 Underground Storage Tank Closure During the excavation of a trench for electrical conduit to the office trailers at the State Street staging area, two underground storage tanks were encountered. Lo-cated in the northwest corner of the site, the tanks were connected to 2-inch-diam-eter polyvinyl chloride piping that runs under the staging area to an unknown ex-tent. LaBella purged a total of approximately 2,800 gallons of brown-colored wa-ter with a slight diesel odor from the two tanks, removed the tanks for disposal and capped the piping in place. All other material was left in place with the under-standing between NYSDEC and E & E that an investigation would be undertaken when the staging area undergoes remedial design and remediation upon comple-tion of the project. LaBella provided a tank closure report to NYSDEC following the work. 5.3.6 Well Abandonment During Phase 1 construction, one out-of-service private water supply well was en-countered. The brick-lined well was uncovered near the southeast corner of the residence at 47 State Street. The well contained water visible from the surface, though the depth to water and depth to bottom of the well were not recorded. The well was filled with coarse aggregate to a depth of 2 feet bgs, backfilled with common fill, and then prepared for construction of a concrete patio with the in-stallation of geotextile fabric and 6 inches of fine run of crusher prior to pouring. 5.3.7 Green Remediation Green remediation practices were implemented, to the extent practicable, to meet the environmental performance goals of NYSDEC Program Policy DER-31 - Green Remediation. Practices and procedures implemented for this project in-cluded the following: ■ Minimizing equipment engine idling and emissions during site work; ■ Dust monitoring and reduction practices; ■ Weekly site erosion and sediment control inspections; ■ Tree protection procedures, including health assessment of trees in shallow
cut areas and establishment of root protection zones for trees to be protected in place;
■ Implementing an on-site recycling program for wastes generated by E & E and LaBella; and
■ Reusing contaminated soil disposed of at the Ontario County Landfill as alter-native daily cover.
5.4 Project Area Restoration 5.4.1 City Infrastructure Geneva DPW personnel inspected existing water valves and risers that were un-covered during excavation in order to assess the condition of the valves and the need for repairs or replacement. LaBella coordinated their work with the DPW to accommodate any repairs prior to backfilling. Details regarding specific repairs, riser extensions, and valve replacements are provided in the E & E DIRs (see Ap-pendix C). A post-construction infrastructure inspection was performed by LaBella on May 9 & 10, 2018, in accordance with E & E’s Infrastructure Protection Plan (E & E 2017c). 5.4.2 Imported Fill Materials Fill materials brought to the site were either delivered to one of the staging areas and stockpiled in a pre-approved location, or unloaded directly at the property where work was being performed. A quantitative summary of all imported mate-rials is provided in Appendix K. 5.4.2.1 Backfill Common fill was supplied by Dendis Sand and Gravel, Inc. (Dendis) of Phelps, New York. Prior to approval for use at the site, E & E collected samples for chemical and physical analysis in accordance with Specification 02222 – Backfill. TestAmerica performed the chemical characterization for parameters specified for residential use in Appendix 5 of DER-10 for all properties. Based on the volumes of imported material, three supplemental sampling events were completed by E & E to meet the sampling frequency required by DER-10. Samples were also submitted to TestAmerica for physical soil classification according to ASTM D 2487, and submitted to SJB for laboratory compaction curve determination (Proc-tor test) according to ASTM D 1557 at a minimum frequency of one sample per 5,000 CYs. Common fill test results are provided in Appendix L. Backfilling was completed concurrently with excavation. Common fill was placed and compacted in accordance with Specification 02222 – Backfill in sub-stantial compliance with the lines and grades shown on the design drawings. Placed material was graded in order to facilitate positive drainage away from foundations. SJB performed in-place density tests at a frequency of at least one test per 2,000 square feet and at least once per property in paved areas and once per property in unpaved areas, in accordance with Specification 02222 – Backfill. The results of in-place compaction tests are provided in Appendix M. 5.4.2.2 Coarse Aggregate Hanson Aggregates of Oaks Corners, New York, supplied the aggregate used for the project. Prior to approval for use at the site, E & E collected samples for
chemical and physical analysis for 1-inch crusher run aggregate. Larger aggre-gate (#1, #2, and #4 washed aggregate) did not require chemical testing. TestA-merica performed the chemical characterization for parameters specified in Ap-pendix 5 of DER-10. Based on imported volumes, E & E collected thirteen total grab samples over three sampling events to meet the sampling frequency required by DER-10. Physical testing was performed on all sizes of coarse aggregate in accordance with Specification 02222 – Backfill. Samples were submitted to SJB for sieve analysis to confirm gradation of the material, and laboratory compaction curve determination (Proctor test) according to ASTM D 1557. Coarse aggregate test results are provided in Appendix N. Approved coarse aggregate was placed and compacted in accordance with Speci-fication 02222 – Backfill in substantial compliance with the lines and grades shown on the design drawings. Placed material was graded in order to facilitate positive drainage away from foundations. In-place density tests were performed by SJB at a frequency of at least one test per 2,000 square feet and at least once per property in paved areas and once per property in unpaved areas, in substantial compliance with Specification 02222 - Backfill. The results of in-place compac-tions tests are provided in Appendix O. 5.4.2.3 Topsoil Tru Lawn Care and Landscaping of Geneva, New York, supplied topsoil for the project. E & E collected soil samples and submitted them to TestAmerica for chemical and physical testing in accordance with the Work Plan prior to approval for use at the site. The samples were analyzed for the parameters listed in Appen-dix 5 of DER-10. Based on imported volumes, E & E completed four sampling events to meet the sampling frequency required by DER-10. Topsoil test results are provided in Appendix P. The results of the June 29, 2017, sampling at the Tru Lawn Care and Landscaping site on Carter Road indicated one of the soil stock-piles did not meet unrestricted parameters for dieldrin; this stockpile was not used. Samples were also submitted for sieve analysis to confirm gradation of the material and for pH analysis. Topsoil composite samples had a high pH (8.0) level. Based on E & E’s discussion with the supplier and sod installer, this pH is typical of area soils and suitable for sod growth. Topsoil was placed on areas to be sodded and in planting beds in general accordance with the design drawings. 5.4.3 Sod Sod was supplied by Lakeside Sod of Clarence Center, New York, and installed by Perennial Lawn & Landscape, of Farmington, New York. E & E collected samples and submitted them to TestAmerica for chemical testing in accordance with the Work Plan before being approved for use at the site. The samples were analyzed for parameters listed in Appendix 5 of DER-10. Based on the volume of sod needed, E & E completed two sampling events at Lakeside Sod’s sod fields. The analytical test results are provided in Appendix Q. Sod was installed by Per-ennial Lawn & Landscape in accordance with the Work Plan and design draw-ings. LaBella watered and regularly monitored new sod for the first month fol-
lowing installation. After the first month, E & E provided homeowners with de-tailed instructions regarding proper care of their lawn, and the homeowners then assumed responsibility for watering and maintaining the newly installed sod. 5.4.4 Concrete F.G. Rayburn Concrete Contractors of Canandaigua, New York, supplied the con-crete mix and installed cast-in-place concrete in substantial compliance with Specification 03300 – Concrete and the design drawings. SJB collected and tested one composite sample for each pour of concrete exceed-ing 5 CYs but less than 25 CYs, and a composite sample for each additional 50 CYs, in accordance with Specification 03300 - Concrete. The samples were ana-lyzed by SJB in their laboratory facility for compressive strength at 7-day, 14-day, and 28-day increments, as indicated in project specifications. Compressive strength test reports are provided in Appendix R. There were two instances where SJB did not collect concrete samples as per project specifications—on 8/18/2017 when concrete was poured between 79 and 81 State Street, and on 9/11/2017 when the front sidewalk at 40 Jackson Street was poured. However, all compres-sive strength testing performed for the project indicated concrete met the project specifications requirements. 5.4.5 Asphalt Asphalt driveways were installed by Cross Cut Enterprise of Perry, New York. Asphalt was installed in accordance with Specification 02510 – Asphalt Paving. LaBella placed and compacted coarse aggregate as sub-base for asphalt areas. Type 3 asphalt binder material was supplied by Hanson Aggregates of Oaks Cor-ners, New York. SJB analyzed samples of the binder material for its theoretical maximum density and specific gravity. The material was found to have a theoret-ical maximum density of 156.5 pounds per cubic foot, which was used to deter-mine percent compaction during in-place density testing performed for each driveway that was installed. The temperature of installed asphalt was monitored throughout paving operations. In-place density tests were performed by SJB in substantial compliance with Specification 02510 – Asphalt Paving using a nuclear gauge at a minimum fre-quency of one per 1,000 square feet to verify that the specified compaction of be-tween 92% and 97% was met. Asphalt compaction was met in all locations tested except the back parking lot of 8 Jackson Street, which achieved 85% compaction. A follow up visual inspection in spring 2018 did not observe any apparent defi-ciencies in the parking lot. Asphalt density test results are provided in Appendix S. In accordance with the specifications, installed asphalt was subject to an initial curing time of 14 days, with restriction of mechanical or vehicular use. Foot traf-fic was restricted for a minimum of 24 hours immediately after installation. E & E informed homeowners on the care and use of their new asphalt pavement, includ-ing during the initial 14-day curing period.
5.4.6 Fencing Fence posts and panels were installed by Atlas Fence of East Syracuse, New York, and Reale Fence of Geneva, New York, in substantial compliance with the design drawings and in coordination with E & E and property owners. Fencing is described in the property-specific reports in Appendix A. 5.4.7 Landscaping Landscaping for the project, including the installation of planting beds, landscape edging, plants, shrubs, and small and large trees, was completed by Tru Lawn Care and Landscaping of Geneva, New York. Landscaping items for Phase I properties were completed during the 2018 construction season. 5.4.8 Other Restoration Items Five new sheds were purchased from and delivered and installed by Woodtex of Himrod, New York, after sod was placed. At NYSDEC’s direction, all existing sheds within excavation areas were replaced new and in-kind, with the exception of the shed at 31 State Street, which was salvaged and reinstalled at the owner’s request. Shed replacements were provided due to the difficulty of maintaining the condition of salvaged and relocated existing sheds. Minor surface drainage improvements were made to several properties located near the corner of Jackson Street and Center Street (28-30 Jackson, 34 Jackson, and 90 Center), due to the need to provide positive drainage during restoration. The improvements connected roof downspouts to subsurface piping that was tied in to the city storm sewer on Jackson Street. The storm sewer connections were approved by the City and installed prior to backfilling the properties, at minimal additional cost. 5.4.9 Restoration Modifications A number of revisions were made to the restoration plans during construction based on homeowner input and engineer cost review of requested changes. Some modifications, such as installing gravel in areas designated to have sod, were deemed comparable in cost or resulted in an overall net savings; such changes were not analyzed or issued in an FO, as reasonably determined by the design en-gineer. Other revisions were the result of constructability review and subject to discussions between E & E, LaBella, and NYSDEC before being implemented. The following items were approved by NYSDEC for all applicable properties: ■ Restoration items, including fences and sheds, were replaced new and in kind
based on the difficulty of maintaining the condition of these items following salvage, temporary storage, and reinstallation.
■ Front steps were replaced with cast-in-place concrete instead of wood at some properties due to faster installation and comparable pricing to custom car-pentry, based on homeowner approval.
■ Asphalt could be replaced with concrete when both were found to exist in a given area, based on homeowner preference.
5.5 Final Surveys and Cut-Depth Verification Report A cut-depth verification report was completed for each property and is included as Appendix E of each property-specific report (see Appendix A of this report). Fisher completed Phase 1 construction data collection for cut depth verification. Prior to the start of remedial activities, E & E’s subcontracted land surveyor, Fisher, marked out the limits of excavation for each cut-depth area as shown on the design drawings. A 20-foot by 20-foot grid was also marked out to assist in verifying excavation depths to achieve remedial goals. The grid points are listed on a table in each property-specific cut-depth verification report. Each grid point was surveyed, pre- and post-excavation, to verify that the appropriate excavation depths had been achieved. E & E personnel additionally measured the depth of cut compared to the original grade as work progressed. Excavation at each property met or exceeded the design depth at all surveyed lo-cations. The depth to which material was removed at each pre-design sample core location is shaded in the table of analytical results included in Appendix B of each property-specific report (see Appendix A of this report). Final surveys were performed following the completion of restoration activities at the end of the 2017 construction season. The extent of cut areas and final grades of the restored areas were surveyed. A final survey for each property is provided in Appendix F of the property-specific reports (see Appendix A of this report). 5.6 Project Completion 5.6.1 Substantial Completion of Phase 1 Substantial completion of remedial and restoration activities for the 21 Phase 1 properties was reached on December 4, 2017. Substantial completion includes the completion of excavation and backfill, and restoration of concrete, asphalt, sod, gravel, and entryway steps, as applicable. It does not include installation of fencing and sheds, which follows sod establishment, or landscaping, which is sub-ject to seasonal availability and is weather dependent. Demobilization within the OU3 work area and staging areas was completed by December 8, 2017. After this date, installation of sheds and fencing by LaBella’s subcontractors were the only activities that continued into January 2018. Demobilization activities included removal of all equipment and materials, con-struction fencing, and temporary walkways. The residential properties were re-stored and left in conditions suitable for residents to carry on normal activities with no disruption from remedial work. Additionally, LaBella demobilized all equipment from the staging area, including all construction equipment, trash, and portable sanitary facilities. The clean and contaminated material stockpile areas
at the Lehigh Street staging area were maintained in place over the winter. All stockpiled materials were removed prior to winterization. At the end of the 2017 construction season, the following items remained to be completed: ■ Installation of plantings and landscaping at multiple properties as noted in Ta-
ble 5-1, ■ Installation of asphalt topcoat at 41 State Street; ■ Asphalt sealing at 12 and 16 Jackson Street; and ■ Remediation of the ROW on Genesee Street at 65 Genesee Street.
5.6.2 Winter Shutdown/Resumption of Remediation The 2017 construction season was concluded due to impending winter weather on December 22, 2017. LaBella performed a number of housekeeping activities to prepare the site for the winter shutdown, including the following: ■ Removal and disposal of all contaminated materials from the Lehigh Street
staging area; ■ Decontaminating the topmost liner on the contaminated stockpile pad; ■ Disposal of stored contact water; ■ Removal all remaining garbage; and ■ Demobilization of equipment. Due to site investigation activities occurring during the winter months, the State Street staging area trailers remained on-site with heating and telecommunications maintained. 5.7 Weather Conditions during Construction Weather conditions at the site during the construction phase of the project are documented in the E & E DIRs, which were prepared and submitted daily to the NYSDEC Project Manager. The DIRs for the project are provided in Appendix C. During the summer of 2017, extended periods of no precipitation caused a pro-longed dry spell in the project area. As a result of this continued dry weather, air-borne dust became a minor issue in areas of ongoing excavation and backfill ac-tivities. Dust was suppressed through the application of water as directed by E & E’s site inspector. As anticipated in the project schedule, work continued through mid-December. Inclement weather caused some delays in sod and concrete restoration, but this work was still able to be substantially completed. Seasonal plantings and land-scaping were postponed at many properties until spring 2018.
5.8 Institutional and Engineering Controls In accordance with the selected remedy and approved remedial design, 21 proper-ties were fully remediated and restored during Phase 1 construction to achieve the remedial goals of 16 ppm for arsenic and 400 ppm for lead, for residential SCOs, as defined by 6 NYCRR Part 375-6.8. Excavated areas were backfilled with ma-terial meeting the DER-10 soil cleanup objectives for residential use. Appendix A includes the property-specific reports that summarize the remediation and resto-ration activities completed for each property remediated under this contract, in-cluding information to support the issuance of an NFA determination by NYSDEC and NYSDOH. As per the ROD, no engineering or institutional con-trols are required on the remediated properties.
Ecology and Environment Engineering and Geology, P.C. 2018. Pre-Design In-vestigation Report, Phase 1 Properties, Former Geneva Foundry Site, Op-erable Unit 3, Geneva, New York, September 2018.
__________. 2017a.2 Remedial Construction Work Plan, Former Geneva
Foundry Site, Operable Unit 3, Geneva, New York, June 2017.
__________. 2017b. Pre-Remedial Design Investigation Residential Soil Sam-pling and Analysis Plan, Former Geneva Foundry Site, Operable Unit No. 3, Geneva New York, April 2017.
__________. 2017c. Municipal Infrastructure Protection and Restoration Plan
for Remediation of the Former Geneva Foundry Site, Operable Unit #3, Geneva, New York, June 2017.
__________. 2017d. Community Protection Plan for Remedial Action at the For-
mer Geneva Foundry Site, Geneva, New York, June 2017. __________. 2017e. Community Air Monitoring Plan for Remedial Action at the
Former Geneva Foundry Site, Geneva, New York, June 2017. __________. 2017f. Vibration Monitoring Plan for Remedial Action at the For-
mer Geneva Foundry Site, Geneva, New York, July 2017. __________. 2017g. Site-Specific Health and Safety Plan, Former Geneva
Foundry Site, Operable Unit #3, Geneva, New York, April 2017. __________. 2017h. Waste Profile Sampling Report, Former Geneva Foundry
Site, NYSDEC Site No. C835027A, Geneva, New York, July 2017. New York State Department of Environmental Conservation (NYSDEC). 2017.
Record of Decision. Former Geneva Foundry Site Environmental Restora-tion Project Operable Units 1, 2, and 3, Geneva (C), Ontario County New York, Site No. B00019, Albany, New York, January 2017.
2 References by E & E prior to July 31, 2018, were produced by Ecology and Environment Engi-
__________. 2016a. Former Geneva Foundry Offsite Surface Soil Sampling –
2015, Environmental Restoration Program, Site # B00019. August 2016. __________. 2016b. Proposed Remedial Action Plan, Former Geneva Foundry
Site, Environmental Restoration Project, Operable Units 1, 2, and 3, Ge-neva, Ontario County, Site # B00019. October 2016.
__________. 2016c. “Results of Soil Tests in Neighborhoods Adjacent to Former
Geneva Foundry Site Released; Cleanup Plan Proposed”, Fact Sheet – Environmental Restoration Program, Former Geneva Foundry, DEC Site # B00019, 43 Jackson Street, Geneva NY 14456, October 2016.
__________. 2011. Program Policy DER-31, Green Remediation, Division of
Environmental Remediation, Albany, New York, January 2011. __________. 2010. Program Policy DER-10, Technical Guidance for Site Inves-
tigation and Remediation, Division of Environmental Remediation, Al-bany, New York, May 2010.
Popli Design Group (Popli). 2018. Structural Condition Assessment Report, For-
mer Geneva Foundry OU3 – Geneva, New York 14456, September 2018.
