Date post: | 08-Jul-2015 |
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Health & Medicine |
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Presented by:Salam ElayehDVM; urmia university
2013
Fowl cholera is a highly contagious disease of domestic and
wild birds.Sudden death because of diarrhea→just like man
cholera. Importance:1-economicly.2-historical (pasteur) 3-
biological:wild birds
Pasteurellamultocida
P.gallicida
P.septicaP.multocida
Gram-negative, non-spore-forming, rod shaped
bi polar Bacteria
•5 serogroup
•A,B,D,E,FCapsular antigens
•16 serogroup
•1−16
Somatic antigens
Attack many kinds of birds as like as: Fowl,Turkey,Duck,Geese,wildbird,water fowl. Turkey are more sensitive than each others.Somedomestic mammals are olsosusceptible
Morbidity:10-80
Mortality:turkey →68
duck→50
poultry→15-50
Age: older than 16 w in layer
4-5 w in broiler
Season:autumn and winter
Enterance:
1-URT mucosal membrane
2-conjunctiva
3-cutaneous wounds
Incubation period:4-9 days
1. start of acute septicemia with coagulopaties
2.production of endotoxin →oedema ,haemorrhagia ,shock,sudden deaths
3.bacteraemia→spreading to lung
4.inf luencing factors →1- crowding, 2-clima,3-concurrent infection 4-nutrition,5- biosecurity, 6-injury and stress
1.Direct contact or aerosol (excretes)
source → latently infected or chronic sick birds
location of infection → URT and nasal cavity
2.Indirectly → personnel and equipment, vectors →pigs, cattle, cats, wild birds, rodents, insects Incubation period→4-9 days
Chronic course Failure of growth and developement of body
Drop in egg production
Swelling of wattles, sinuses
Swelling of joints, foot pad, sternal bursa
Torticolis
Dermal necrosis in turkey
Granulomatous dermatitis in pigeons and birds ofprey
In the chronic form of fowl cholera, suppurative lesions may be found ina variety of locations. In this broiler breeder, severe swelling of the infraorbital sinuses is found on external examination .
Acute form Petechia to ecchymosis on serosis and mucous membrane
exsudative pneumonia
Sub acute form Petechia to ecchymosis in intestine, heart,lungs
exsudate in pericard and body cavity
swollen liver, coagulative necrosis(corn meal liver)
in turkey → frequently exsudative pneumonia
In turkey → flaccid, puckered a hyperemic follicle on ovary
Fowl cholera. Small areas of necrosis in the liver (corn meal liver)
hyperemic follicles
Hemorrhage in heart muscle Haemorrhages in intestine (different extent)
Wattle form, artritis, osteomyelitis
Exsudative serositis
sinusitis
Purulent exudate may be found within the facial swellings
The foot has been incised to show a caseous exudate .
1.history, sings and lesions
2.bacteriology
3.indentification by using biochemical test
4.now is available PCR test
5.bipolar microorganismus by bluedomethylene staining
6.Serology
AGID or ELISA, better for evaluation of vaccine
response
Bluedomethylene,lichman,gimsa staining→bipolar bacteria
Heart and livers blood
Culture in : dextrose starch agar +5%serum
Morphology on D.S.A:
1- Fluorescent→high virolent
2-sectored colony→mild
3-blue or slightly fluorescent→low
4-non fluorescent→non pathogene
MUSSY ODOR
1.Infectious coryza
2.Fowl typhoid
3.Fowl plague(avian flu)
4.Duck plaque(duck herpes virus 1)
5.Otherpaseurellas(p.haemolitica,p.gallinarm)
1-Wild birds
2-Rodents
3-cat.dog,pigs,…
4-Vaccination
1 -live attenuated
2-in activated : razi institute A: 1Best→(-):1,3,4
Age : 8-10 and 18-20 w
In poultry →IM
In turkey →DW
1-Sulfa drugs
2-Semisynthetic penicillins
3-Tertracyclines
4-Erythromycin
Thanks