2008 Delmarva Poultry ConferenceSeptember 10, 2008
POULTRY BIOSECURITY
David Shapiro, DVM, Dipl. ACPVDirector of Veterinary Services
Perdue Farms, Inc.Salisbury, Maryland, USA
phone: 410-543-3921email: [email protected]
Biosecurity
• Biosecurity Best Practices
• Biosecurity Risk Assessments
• Biosecurity Gaps and Ideas
PHENOL SOLUTION
Locker Room for Street ClothesDressing Room
Breeder Farm Rest of World
Arbor Acres Zimbabwe BiosecurityCirca 1982
5 Steps to Better Biosecurity …
1. Eliminating Risk (Never Evers)2. Managing those Risks you can’t Eliminate
(Dedicated Tos)3. Farm-Specific Biosecurity Program4. BMPs for each area of the company involved
in live birds5. Risk Assessment
‘Never-ever’ No. 1• NEVER visit or associate with the Live Bird Market System
Dedicated To …1. … only authorized visitors
Farm Specific
Biosecurity Plan
Biosecurity BMP Programs1. Producers2. Flock Supervisors3. Feed Mill4. Hatchery5. Livehaul6. Vendor7. and so on……..
Levels of Biosecurity
• Level 1 – no serious disease threat– Doesn’t mean no threat at all– Marek’s, Gumboro, Newcastle, Bronchitis, Salmonella, E. coli
• Level 2 – serious disease present or threatening– LT, Mg, Fowl Cholera
• Level 3 – emergency disease present or threatening– AI– Exotic Newcastle
Biosecurity Focus
• Prevent the Introduction
• Prevent the Spread
• Surveillance Systems: to detect a breech of the biosecurity system (as quickly as possible) so that damage can be limited through depopulation or increased biosecurity
Rationale for Quantitative Risk Assessment
• Poultry producers make regular determinations for management, nutrition, health programs, etc. based on quantitative data and cost effectiveness.
• Biosecurity decisions should be made the same way.
Biosecurity Risk Assessment Objectives:
• Judge biosecurity risk in a quantitative way.
• Help flock supervisors and farm owners understand and discuss “risky” practices.
• Use this tool to manage the risk.
HISTORY• Basic biosecurity concepts (e.g. age separation,
quarantines, etc.) are mentioned in early poultry texts.
• Biosecurity becomes part of poultry parlance in the 1980s.
• Early “assessments” were simple checklists; more like simple audits. Points arbitrarily sometimes assigned but methodology was primitive.
General Considerations
• Assessments must be fair and objective.
• Questions designed to avoid subjectivity.
• Assessor must understand poultry production and communicate well with farmers.
• Assessor should use consistent and colloquial language.
• Assessment should be explained to the farmer to reduce anxiety.
• Documents, maps, GPS device, binoculars.
• Farmer or individual knowledgeable about the site must be present.
• Post-assessment debriefing should be held.
Basis for Risk Assessments
• Experimental Evidence: virus transmission studies, knowledge of pathogen, etc.
• Retrospective Analysis: review of historical information to judge the relative importance of parameters affecting risk.
• Expert Recommendations: combine the above two sources plus anecdotal, personal, and regional experiences.
RetrospectiveAnalysis
ExpertRecommendations from72 North AmericanPoultry Professionals: highest priority biosecurity risks
Parts of the Assessment
• FARM INFO followed by subdivisions
• AREA: Parameters affecting the overall risk for that region
• FARM: Parameters impacting the probability that the risk (AI) could get onto the farm
• HOUSE: Factors determining whether the birds will come into contact with the risk (AI)
Growout Farm Risk Assessment Tool
• 69 Total Inquiries– Area - 34 questions– Farm - 19 questions– House - 16 questions
Assessment Scores
• Not a continuous (1-10) scale. Large increments used clearly delineate risk levels
• 0: Zero risk or as close to zero risk as could practically be expected under commercial poultry conditions
• 4: Acceptable risk within a framework of good farm practices
• 16: High risk
• 64: Unacceptable Risk
#14 = high number of other integrators in area, #39 = manure spread near to houses,#59 = poor visitor dress policies
Based on density, Delmarva ought to be world leader in poultry biosecurity.Are we?
The End
