French RevolutionRevolution led by a middle class
_______________________
__________________________
_____________________________
French Society pre-1789
The Clergy
The Nobility
Everyone else
During ournew seat arrangement,where were the clergysitting?The Nobility?Everyone else?
1. Economic gap between 3 classes or estates in France
Long Term Causes
2. Unfair Tax SystemThird estate paid all the
taxes
What represented
taxes the third
estate had to
pay during our
new seating
arrangement?
Long Term Causes3. Unfair Political system
First Estate Second Estate Third EstateX X X X X X X X
X X X X
X X X X
X X X X
X X X X
X X X X
1 Vote1 Vote
1 VoteX= Representative
When was this unfair
voting system evident in
our seating arrangement?
Why Revolt in 1789?Immediate Causes
1. Enlightenment Period
2. Poor leadership: Louis XVI
Immediate Causes
Immediate Causes
3. Financial Crisis-debt and famine
4. American Revolution
Immediate Causes
Example to follow
Phases of the French Revolution
1. Moderate PhaseGoal: Create Constitutional MonarchMethod: Peaceful Protests, meetings
Result: New Constitution,New set of liberties-Declaration of the Rights of Man
2. Radical Phase
Phases of the French Revolution
Goal: Create a republic
Method: “Remove” king/ nobility, use ViolenceResults: Mass executions- Reign of Terror
3. Conservative or Reactionary Phase
Phases of the French Revolution
Goal: Restore peace/order
Method: Quick takeover of power by Napoleon
Result: Creation of Empire system— One ruler
The Rise of NapoleonWhy???
1. Product of French Revolution
2. Talented general who became a national hero
3. Joins coup that takes over Directory
Middle Class CorsicanRise through talent
Military VictoriesRestored order in Paris
(Corrupt govt.)Manipulates into becoming emperor
A. Invaded Spain/ Portugal leading to bloody revolutions
B. French blockade attempts of ports of trade anger allies
C. Created first Public Education system
D. Equal opportunities for government positions
E. Equalized Taxes for all Frenchmen
F. Women’s rights were taken away
G. Invasion of Russia cripples French Army
H. Continental System stifled European trade
J. Created uniform code of laws (Civic Code)
K. Created National Bank to handle debt
L. Citizens no longer enjoy freedom of speech/press
I. Spread ideas of revolution (equality and nationalism) to rest of Europeans
Downfall • Could not counter British navy
• Guerilla movements in Spain and Portugal• Invasion of Russia
• Final defeat at Waterloo
Battle of Trafalgar- Napoleon’s first defeat
Winter and Size of Russia
Moscow
Paris
Route of French Army
After marching 2000 miles, army reached the city limits of Moscow
Downfall • Could not counter British navy
• Guerilla movements in Spain and Portugal• Invasion of Russia
• Final defeat at Waterloo
Battle of Trafalgar- Napoleon’s first defeat
Winter and Size of Russia
combined European armies
Paris
Europe 1811
Shade:
French Empire
Controlled by Napoleon
At war with Napoleon
Europe 1815
Questions:
What is the most significant difference between Europe in 1811 and Europe in 1815?
What must have happened that accounts for this difference?