Friendly Alert:

Test # 2, next Friday (11 April 14)covers Indonesia and Japan

Gagaku

Ex. Gagaku - YouTube

Gagaku

• Oldest ensemble (“orchestra”) music in world

• Japanese Imperial ensemble founded in 702/3

• Chief influences:- China – “music of the left”- Korea – “music of the right”

• Maintained through “Guild” system

• Used w/ Dance = Bugaku

Hichirichi

• oboe type (double reed)• Melody instrument• Back row (ex.

Shou and Hichiriki YouTube – YouTube [start 1:10])

Ryuteki

• Flute type (transverse)

• Also known as “dragon flute”

• Melody instrument

• Ex. Goshoraku ryuteki - YouTube

Sho

• Mouth organ (free reed)

• 17 separate pipes

• Tone clusters

• Ex. Shou and Hichiriki YouTube - YouTube

Biwa

• Lute type

• 5 strings

• Rhythm instrument

• Ex. Gagaku biwa gakubiwa 雅楽琵琶 楽琵琶 - YouTube

Koto

• Zither type• 13 strings• Rhythm instrument• Sometimes replaced

by “Wagon”

“Wagon”

Shoko

• Gong• Colotomic structure

Tsurai-daiko

Kakko

• Small side drum• Leader of the ensemble

Gagaku Examples

• YouTube - Gagaku music (Gojouraku-kyuu) from Japan

• YouTube - The old court music "Etenraku" played by "Youyukai".

• YouTube - Japanese ceremonial court music and the dance_3

• Manzairaku 1 of 3, Bugaku (Gagaku) - ancient Japanese court dance and music - YouTube

Kodŏ

• NB. None of this information is in the textbook (see the course website for a link)

• Japanese Drumming ensemble, founded 1971• “Kodŏ” means either

- “heartbeat” (the primal source of all rhythm)- “children of the drum”

• A new ensemble that seeks to “preserve and re-interpret traditional Japanese performing arts” (from Kodŏ website)

Kodŏ (2)• Primary instruments are various types of “Taiko”

drums (“stick drums”)• Ranges in size up several feet in diameter• Physically very demanding to play

Ex. Kodo Drummers - Live at the Acropolis -

YouTube

Kodŏ (3)• Members of Kodŏ join a community to live and

practice together• Emphasis is on a life style that respects traditions, but

also creates new ones

EX. KODO - HEARTBEAT DRUMMERS OF JAPAN Trailer - YouTube

Kodŏ (4)

YouTube: Kodo - "O-Daiko" - HD (japanese drummers - Taiko - tambours géants Japon) - YouTube

Kodŏ (5)

YouTube - Kodo - Drummers

Video to watch(suggested, not required)

• “Kodŏ : Heartbeat Drummers of Japan”• UCF Library:

VHS tape : ML 421 .K63 1997• Watch for elements of “tradition”

- in music (relation to past)- in lifestyle

• How is this group like other Japanese music?