Front Matter Source: The Scientific Monthly, Vol. 57, No. 2 (Aug., 1943), pp. i-iv Published by: American Association for the Advancement of Science Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/17954 . Accessed: 07/05/2014 11:20 Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at . http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp . JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected]. . American Association for the Advancement of Science is collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to The Scientific Monthly. http://www.jstor.org This content downloaded from 169.229.32.136 on Wed, 7 May 2014 11:20:56 AM All use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions
Transcript
Front MatterSource: The Scientific Monthly, Vol. 57, No. 2 (Aug., 1943), pp. i-ivPublished by: American Association for the Advancement of ScienceStable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/17954 .
Accessed: 07/05/2014 11:20
Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at .http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp
.JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range ofcontent in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new formsof scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected].
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American Association for the Advancement of Science is collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve andextend access to The Scientific Monthly.
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WHAT WE DO NOT KNOW ABOUT RACE. DR. WILTON MARION KROGMAN ........................................................... 97
WINDS OF THE UNITED STATES. PROFESSOR STEPHEN S. VISHER 105 THE BLACK LACQUER MYSTERY OF THE GUATEMALA MAYA
INDIANS. DR. F. WEBSTER MCI3RYDE ............................................. ............ .. 113
BOTANIZING IN THE HIGHER ALLEGHANIES. PROFESSOR EARL L. CORE. ........................................................... 119
CARRION'S DISEASE. DR. CALDERON HOWE ........................................................... 125
CULTURAL INFLUENCES OF PENNSYLVANIA'S MOUNTAIN GAPS. II. PROFESSOR BRADFORD WILLARD ........................................................... 132
AGRICULTURE AND THE NATIONAL EMERGENCY. DR. FIRMAN E. BEAR ............................................... . 145
MAN'S LONG STORY. PROpESSOR LEWIS G. WESTGATE .................................... 155 PHYSICAL SCIENCE AND PHILOSOPHY. PROFESSOR RICHARD C.
TOLMAN .......................................... ..... 166 BOOKS ON SCIENCE:
Genetical Exposure of the "Race" Myth; Descriptive Human Physiology; The Nature and History of Hurricanes .......................................... 175
THE PROGRESS OF SCIENCE: Copernicus and the History of Science; Exhibits of Indian Life Before Columbus; Fresh-Water Sharks of Nicaragua; The Ethno- geographic Board; An Example of Fusion of Soil by an Electric Arc 180
PUBLISHED BY THE
AMERICAN ASSOCIATION FOR THE ADVANCEMENT OF SCIENCE SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION BUILDING, WASHINGTON 25, D. C.
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RECENT BOOKS OF SCIENTIFIC INTEREST Forward with Science. ROGERs D. RUSx. Ill. Fluorine and Dental Health. Edited by FOREST xi + 307 pp. $3.50. April, 1943. Knopf. RAY MOULTON. Ill. Vi + 101 pp. $3.00. 1942.
American Association. Professor Rush's new book unfolds the amazing record of recent achievements in the field of physical A symposium consisting of 11 papers by eminent science. Atom-smashing, artificial radioactivity, the research workers who have carried out the funda- electron microscope, such phenomena as cosmic rays, mental investigations on which the conclusions are and the theories of relativity and quanta are analyzed based. Rarely Is the entire history of a scienltific sub- in termis of their application to daily life. ject covered so completely as in this volume.
Handbook of Frogs and Toads. 2nd ed. rev. A. Civilian Health in Wartime. F. R. DIEUAIDE. A. and A. H. WRIGHT. Ill. xi + 286 pp. $3.00. vi + 328 pp. $2.50. 1942. Harvard. 1942. Comstock.
Dr. Dieuaide provides the general reader with a This volume supplies a key for the identification of statement in broad outline of the varied aspects of frog an tods ildproidesaccunt oftheappar- health in the United States in relation to the war. frogs and toads and provides accounts of the appear- The emphasis is placedI on the preservation of health.
ance, range, habitat, life history, structure, voice, etc., Anong the chapters included are: The Nutritional of 98 species and subspecies of frogs and toads of the Background; The Aging and the Aged; Mental Calm United States and Canada. and Vigor.
The Methodology of Pierre Duhem. A. Low- The Greatest Eye in the World. A. F. COLLINS. INGER. 184 pp. $2.25. November, 1941. Colum- Ill. xviii + 266 pp. $3.00. January, 1943. Ap- bia. pleton-Century.
This is a study of a Fienchman who has done work This book is devoted to a history of the astronomical in physics and the history of science and whose meth- telescope and to a description of the equipment and odological ideas have influenced logical thought in the work being accomplished at eight observatories in the United Slates. The author begins with a nontechni- United States, and at the Royal Observatory In Eng- cal introduction to the philosophy of science. land.
The Amazing Petroleum Industry. V. A. KALI- Aerobiology. Edited by FOREST RAY MOULTON. CHEVSKY. Ill. 234 pp. $2.25. April, 1943. Ill. x+ 289 pp. $4.00. 1942. American Asso- Reinhold. ciation.
To understand the importance of Petroleum in war Aerobiology is a specialized field which has been and peace, read this fascinating book. It paints an developed within the past 10 oi' 15 years. This vol- interesting and vivid picture of the world's most im- ume is in two parts, extramural aerobiology and intra- portant raw material-Petroleum. In nontechnical mural aerobiology. Papers cover both the theoretical language it tells simply what petroleum is-how it is and practical aspects and references cover all impor- obtained-what it does. tant literature.
Science Remakes Our World. JAMrES STOKLRY. The City-Its Growth-Its Decay-Its Future. Ill. $3.50. 1943. - Ives Washburn InC. ELIEL SAARINEN. Ill. by author, 379 pp. $3.50. p
May, 1943. Reinhold. A comprehensive survey of what is going on in the
laboratories, and what the impact of new discoveries This unique work, the result of 40 years' experience, and processes will be on American daily living. Cov- points out the causes for urban decay, then sets forth ers plastics, synthetics, radio, television, aeronautics, a logical plan for future rehabilitation and decentrali- explosives, electronics, agriculture, vitamins, the sulfa zation. It conveys an important message to all con- drugs, atom-smashing, etc. The author is Technical cerned with progressive community planning and post- Book Editor of the New York Herald Tribune. war development.
Name That Animal. ERNEST C. DRIER. Ill. Relapsing Fever In the Americas. Edited by 527 pp. $5.00. 1942. E. C. Driver, Smith Col- FOREST RAY MOULTON. I11. vi + 130 pp. $3.00. lege, Northampton, Mass. 1942. American Association.
Includes 20 papers presented at a symposium on the A guide to the identification of the commonl land subject. The papers constitute a coniprehensive and and fresh-water animals of the United States, with documented discussion of relapsing fever as it occurs keys, discussion of life histories, and selected bibliog- in the United States and Panama. Subjects covered raphy for each major group except birds. Designed Include symptomatology, diagnosis, etiology, epidemi- for courses in field zoology and for biology teachers ology, immunity, pathology, vectors, treatment anid interested in identifying animals. public health subjects.
Chimpanzees. A Laboratory Colony. R. M. Science and Criticism. The Humanistic Tradi- YERKS. ll. v +321pp. 5.0. Ma, 143. tion in Contemporary Thought. H. J. MULLER.
Yale. + PP $ Y, xiv + 305 pp. $3.75. March, 1943. Yale. "With a fine felicity of phrase and a brilliant clarity This is a composite portrait of chimpanzee person- of insight, the Associate P'rofessor of English in Pur-
ality done in terms of behavior. It is of interest to due University looks at modern science from the point the layman and the specialist in the field of psycho- of view of a humanist . . Rarely does one flnd such logical research. Many experiments took place at a satisfactory synthesis of realism and idealism Orange Park, F'la., where Dr. Yerkes organized and for recommended . . . to all . .. concerned with the trend many years directed the Yale Laboratories of Primate of thought and action in this age of swift change in Biology. June, 1943, selection of Scientific Book Club. the life of man." Scientiflc Book Club Review.
Books previously announced will be given space six times on this page for $12.00
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1UT YOURSELF IN HIS PLACE . . . in his cockpit climbing Fswiftly away from an Axis airfield into a pitch-black night . . . bomb racks loaded . . . heading for Yank-held territory.
How would your mind work (under a Nazi bonnet), if you knew Radar's sleepless, X-ray "eyes" were waiting up to greet you ... on warships, airfields, and lookout posts of the United Nations' forces?
What would you be thinking . . . knowing that Radar was robbing you of "surprise", the attacker's one tactical advantage . . . detecting you as much as 130 miles from your target? 41Zways watching you ... in storm, clouds, and fog ... five miles up or skimming the waves!... marking you for ambush and destruction!
When the flak whams accurately through the clouds to rip jagged wing holes; when you meet night fighters who need no flame fromn your exhausts for true aiming, wouldn't you momentarily doubt the infallibility of the "master race"?
Wouldn't you nurse a scowling respect for American in- genuity? For Radar was developed in the United States... pretty much the product of Navy and Army research labo- ratories who werern't as unprepared as you thought.
And shouldn't it occur to you that a fellow can't win when he's fighting against a nation with the inventiveness and resources to produce weapons like this?
Westinghouse Electric & Manufacturing Company, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
Westinghouse was making Radar 18 months before Pearl Har- bor. Since then, Westinghouse production of radio communi- cations equipment, including Radar, has increased 41 times!
Westinghouse PLANTS IN 25 CITIES ... OFFICES EVERYWHERE
Famous dates in the history of Radar
1922. Naval Laboratory, Ana- costia, D. C. Dr. A. Hoyt Taylor and Leo C. Young, observing that radio signals were reflected by pass- ing ships, saw in it a means of detect- ing enemy vessels in darkness and fog. This was the birth of Radar!
1937. Bloomfield, N. J. West- inghouse developed the key electronic tube for the U. S. Army'sfirst Radar equipment used to detect aircraft. Radar focuses invisible, ultra-high- frequency waves traveling at 186,000 miles per second.
1941. Pearl Harbor, T. H. Approaching Jap bombers were de- tected by a Westinghouse-made Radar when 132 miles distant. Be cause a flight of American planes was expected, no warning was sounded. Today, on every front, Radar has revolutionized naval and air battle tactics ... multiplied a hundredfold the range of human vision.
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An illustrated magazine broadly inter- Office of publication, North Queen St. preting to the thoughtful public the prog- and McGovern Ave. (The Science Press ress of science and its relations to the prob- Printing Co.), Lancaster, Pa. Address all lems confronting civilization. Published by correspondence concerning editorial nmat- the Anmeriean Association for the Advance- ters to the Office of The Scientific Monthly, ment of Science, Smithsonian Institution Smithsonian Institution Building, Wash- nlent ~~~ or1-ne ulnona nttto ngton 25 D. C.' Building, Washington 25, D. C. i
Subscriptions: The calendar year, $5.00; Editor: F. R. Moulton. Editorial Ad- single numbers, 50 cents.
visers: John E. Flynn, D. R. Hooker, Orders for subscriptions and requests Kirtley F. Mather, and William J. Robbins. for changes of address should be directed
to the Office of the Permanent Secretary of Copyright, 1943, by the American Asso- the Association. Two weeks are required
eiation for the Advancement of Science. to effect changes of address. Entered as second class matter at the post office at Lancaster, Pa., U. S. A.,
July 18, 1923, under the Act of March 3, 1879.
NEW BOOKS OF SCIENTIFIC INTEREST The Theory of Photographic Reproduction. C. E. Man's Unknown Ancestors. R. W. MURRAY. Ill. K. MEES. Ill. x + 1124 pp. $12.00. 1942. Mae- xiv + 384 pp. $3.50. 1943. Bruce. iillaii.
The story of prehistoric man is told in this volume. Thendpurpos phoftograhis boprokdis ctionp a guidene t The five parts of the book are: Getting a Perspective, handook f phtogaphi repoducionas aguid to Old WAorld Prehistoric MIan, Prehistoric Cultures of the
its literature and as a summary of its conclusions. Old World Prehistoric Man in the New WNtorld, The It conisiders the action of light, photographic physics Repercs o Prehistory . . . . X Is~~~~~~epercussions of Prehistory. and optical sensitizing.
Jordanoff's Illustrated Aviation Dictionary. A. Dictionary of Science and Technology. M. NEW- JORDANOFF. Ill. viii + 415 pp. $3.50. December, AMARK. viii + 386 pp. $6.00. 1943. Philosophical 1942. Harper. Library.
Aviation has its own language. This pictorial dic- This dictionary contains 10,000 current terms in the tionary contains more than 2,000 aviation terms alpha- English language most frequently used in the physical betically arranged. For clarification and quick under- sciences and their applied fields, together with separate standing each term is illustrated with a specially indices in French, German and Spanish, conversion drawn picture. It is intended for everyone in aviation, tables anid technical abbreviations.
Principles of Photographic Reproduction. C. W. Cytology and Cell Physiology. G. B3OURNE, ed. MILLER. Ill. xiii+ 353 pp. $4.50. November, Iil. xii + 296 pp. $6.00, November, 1942. Ox- 1942. Macmillan. ford.
One of the main objectives of this textbook on pho- This book, written by scientists working in wartime tography is to clarify for the average photographer the l3ritain, brings together information on morphological principles of color photography. Space is also de- and chemical studies of cells. It contains a critical voted to the probleins of miniature photographic equip- anialysis of cytological technique and discussions on ment. Advanced mathematics is not frequently used, the results of physico-chemical investigations.
Manual for Instruction in Military Maps and The Psychology of Human Learning. The late Aerial Photographs. N. F. MACLEAN and E. C. J. A. MCGEOCCH. 11. xvii + 633 pp. $4.00. 1942. OLSON. Ill. xxiv + 138 pp. 1943. Harper. jLoulgmans, Green.
This manual has as its object to bring together This is an introductory textbook in the psychology within a brief scope the essentials of cartography and of human learning. Covered in the text are such sub- aerial photographs as they bear on military probleins. jects as curves of learning, retention, fundamental con- Fiive sample aerial maps are inleluded at the back of ditions of forgetting, transfer of training, fundamental the book. processes and conditions of learnilg.
Continued on page iff
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The Expression of Personality. W. WOLFF. Ill. xiv+ 334 pp. $3.50. May, 1943. Harper.
This is a report of experiments in personality con- (lucted since 1925, which were designed to answer the (luestion whether the inner personality is reflected in external behavior. rhe book was written under the editorship of Gardner- Murphy.
Mind: Perception and Thouight in Their Con- structive Aspects. P. SCHILDER. xii+432 pp. $5.00. 1942. Columbia.
This volumie is one of two posthumous books of the anther puhlished by Thle Society for Psychotherapy and Psychopathology, which he founded. Part I is oni "Perception and Action" an(d Part II, on "Higher Mental Functions."
Twentieth Century Philosophy. D. D. RUNES, ed. 571 pp. $5.00. 1943. Philosophical Library.
The purpose of this book is to present to the student of contemporary thonght an overview of presenit-day philosophical trends. The book is composed of essays by 22 philosophers, such as Tuifts, Whitehead, Dewey and Santayaia.
Time: The Refreshing River. J. NEEDHAM. 280 THE MOST pp. $3.75. June, 1943. Macmillan.
This! collection of essays and addresses presents the 'P R E C IS E' author's views on science, religioni and social organliza- tion and their interrelationships. Some of the topics discussed are, "Science, Religion and Socialism," "Evo- ARTI CL MANUFACTURED lution and Thermodynamics," and "The Biological Basis of Sociology." IN QUANTITY ANYWHERE The Friendly Arctic. V. STEFANSSON. Rev. ed. Ill. xxxvii + 812 pp. $5.00. March, 1943. Mac- Illustrated above is a roof prism, the millan. most accurate of all optical parts, used
This book tells of the triumph of man's intelligence over the forces of nature in the Arctic. A final in military instruments for our armed chapter has been added in this nlew edition which pre- forces. sents the Arctic in the light of the most recent scien- tific discoveries.
____ __ B Roof prisms are being made by a num- The Irish Stone Age. H. 'L. Movius, JR. Ill. ber of manufacturers by methods first xxiv+339 pp. $7.50. May, :1943. Macmillan. developed at the Perkin-Elmer Corpo-
The author presents reports and observations on the results of the Harvard Irish Survey Stone Age excava- ration, and gladly shared in the inter- tions, discussing the chronology of late-glacial anid est of winning the war. early post-glacial periods in niorthern and western Europe an-d the Irish Stone Age cult;ures. Dr. MIovius was director of the Stonie Age excavations.
The Discovery of New Spain in 1518. J. DE GRIJALVA. I11. 208 pp. 1942. Cortes Society.
The original texts comprising this book were trans- lated by -eiiry R. Wagnler, who also contributed an introductioni and notes. Some chapter titles are: Summary of the Accounrlts of the Expedition, The Ex- pedition, Itinerary, Distances from Espiritu Santo, Letter of the Regimiento.
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The Bausch & Lomb Honorary Award is made annually to boys and girls who show unusual proficiency in science subjects. Inauguirated in 1932, it has been accepted by preparatory and
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These days are difficult for lads likeJohnny Davis. Today . . . High School Graduation Day . . . marks the end of his carefree world.
Tomorrow Johnny and a host of fellows like him will take up arms for their country. Some haven't thought much about the future they'll come back to. But Johnny's mind is made up. Johnny is going to be a scientist ...
a great scientist ... and time out for a year or two to win a war won't stop him.
In times such as these the Bausch & Lomb Honorary Science Award takes on a new meaning. It becomes a tangible link to the future for those who today have a job to do for their country.
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