Front MatterSource: The Scientific Monthly, Vol. 67, No. 4 (Oct., 1948), pp. i-ivPublished by: American Association for the Advancement of ScienceStable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/22269 .

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"Sunspot" research, by RCA engineers, helps radio communications to dodge interference from magnetic storms. RCA Laboratories is a center of radio and electronic research.

93,000,000 miles of laboratory space A cyclonic spot erupts on the face was needed. a result, transmission of messages of the sun, and-here on earth-we RCA sc entists took a new tack. They can be arranged over circuits or feel it. Sunspots cause "magnetic noted that interference was most intense storms, which disrupt radio com- when sunspots were in a certain "critical paths that will dodge interference.

area," Locationi and activity were more Such a pioneering spirit in research munications. important than size. gives efficiency of service and leader-

What can be done about it? Research, Using this knowledge RCA ship to all products and services bearing during which RCA scientists and engi- 'ns ege, the names RCA, and RCA Victor. neers "worked" by instrument on the communications engineers nowac- face of the sun - 93,000,000 miles away curately forecast the beginning When in Radio City, New York, you are -offers an answer. and end of magnetic storms. . . codially invited to see the radio, televi-

For many years, science has They have established a daily mag- siort and electronic wonders at RCA

related magnetic storms to sun- netic storm forecasting service Exhibition Hall, 36 West 49th Street. Free admission, Radio Corporation of spots. An accurate way of forecast- which is distributed like wZeather America, RCA Building, Radio City,

ing these disturbances in advance reports throughout the world. As New York 20.

(l,2l 'RADIO CORPORATION of AMERICA

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NUCLEAR One of 'the most important offerings ever pre- sented by Westinghouse School Service is this set I of six wall charts on nuclear physics. To the teacher and student alike, they will prove in. valuable in explaining this new science and in

showing its significance in the world today. The charts-lithographed in two colors-are a

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1. Particles of Nuclear Physics: Portrays the ten basic particles important in the science of 306 Fourth Ave., Box 10 nuclear physics.

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SCIENTIFIC MONTHLY VOL. LXVII OCTOBER 1948 NO. 4

Contents

Eta Carinae Nebula, Southern Milky Way (John S. Paraskevopoulos) . . Cover

Time and Change in the Metagalaxy . . .Harlow Shapley 243

Astronomer (Verse) . . .Roland Ryder-Smith 253

The Seven Degrees of Adventure . . .Marston Bates 254

Twentieth-Century Navigation . . .AT. C. Gersoni, 257

Time (Verse) ..Francis Barry 266

The Evolution of Terrestrial Life A.. .ddison Gulick 267

Photography-in-Science Salon .. .273

A History of Population Growth in the United States . . . P. K. Whelpton 277

On Time as a Product of Motion .Thomson King 289

Three 'Methods of Voting. William S. Taylor 297

Science on the March: Tropical Medicine-A Partial Report. Eugene H. Payne 302

Source Materials for Chemicals .Gustav Egloff 304

Book Reviews by J. H. Bell, Th. Dobzhansky, A. G. Hall, Joel W. Hedgpeth, and Ralph F. Wolf 308

Technological Notes.. 311

Comments and Criticisms .312

Published monthly at Business Press, Inc., by the American Association for the Advancement of Science under the direction of the Publications Committee: Farrington Daniels, J. E. Flynn, Kirtley F. Mather, Walter R. Miles, Malcolm H. Soule, and Steven M. Spencer. Gladys M. Keener, Assistant Editor. Pub- lication office, 10 McGovern Ave., Lancaster, Pa. Orders for subscriptions and requests for change of address should be directed to the Circulation Department, A.A.A.S., 10 McGovern Ave., Lancaster, Pa., or 1515 Massachusetts Ave., N.W., Washington 5, D. C. Subscriptions: $7.50 per year; single copies 75 cents. Four weeks are required to effect changes of address.

Address all correspondence concerning editorial matters and ,a1ver?isi, to The Scientific Monthly. 1515 Massachusetts Ave..

N.W., Washington 5, D. C. The editors are not responsible for loss or injury of manuscripts and photographs while in their pos- session or in transit; all manuscripts should be accompanied by return postage. The American Association for the Advancement of Science assumes no responsibility for the statements and opinions expressed by contributors.

Copyright, 1948, by the American Association for the Advance- ment of Science. Entered as second-class matter at the Post Office at Lancaster, Pa., December 30, 1947, under the Act of March 3, 1879. Acceptance for mailing at the special rate of postage pro- vided for in the Act of February 28, 1925, embodied in paragraph 4, Sect. 538, P. L. and R., authorized December 30, 1947. Indexed in the Reader's Gtide to Periodical Literature.

ii

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a~~~~~d a difn operator's |

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For those who want to talk, Bell Laboratories scientists developed the telephone. For those who prefer the typewritten message, they de- veloped TWX-Teletypewriter Exchange Service.

Fingers on a keyboard send your message to be typed by one or scores of other teletype- writers selected at your request from the 21,000 instruments connected to the Bell System's nationwide TWX network.

As in telephone service, your TWX con-

nection is set up through switching systems, manual or mechanical, as best may serve. And over long distances your m-iessage travels eco- nomically with many others on the same pair of wires. All these technics are products of Bell Telephone Laboratories research in the telephone art.

TWX is today a vital link in the nation's chain of communication. And year by year it benefits from the steady growth of the tele- phone system which carries it.

BE LL TE LE PHONE LABORATORIES Exploring and Inventing, Devising and Perfecting for Continued Improvements and Economies in Telephone Service.

iv

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