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Volume 95/ Number 22



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OF

PROCEEDINGS OF THE

NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES

OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

October 27, 1998 Volume 95, Number 22 pp. 12737-13348

Table of Contents

Commentaries

Neurotransmitter transport: Models in flux 12737-12738 Michael P. Kavanaugh * See companion article on page 13260

Chemicals that footprint DNA: Hitting HIV-1 12739-12741 in the minor groove

Antonin Tutter and Katherine A. Jones * See companion article on page 12890

Lignification of plant cell walls: Impact of 12742-12743 genetic manipulation

Hans-Joachim G. Jung and Weitirig Ni * See companion article on page 12803

Combinatorial biosynthesis: Lesson learned 12744-12746 from nature

Kevin A. Reynolds * See companion article on page 12111 in issue 21

How does cytochrome oxidase pump protons? 12747-12749 Robert B. Gennis * See companion article on page 12819

RNA virus vectors: Where are we and where do 12750-12752 we need to go?

Peter Palese * See companion article on page 12989

Perspective

Climate forcings in the Industrial era 12753-12758 James E. Hansen, Makiko Sato, Andrew Lacis, Reto Ruedy, Ina Tegen, and Elaine Matthews

Inaugural Articles

Charge transfer and transport in DNA 12759-12765 Joshua Jortner, Mordechai Bixon, Thomas Langenbacher, and Maria E. Michel-Beyerle

Field theory: Why have some physicists 12776-12778 abandoned it?

Roman Jackiw

In vitro evolution of horse heart myoglobin 12825-12831 to increase peroxidase activity

Lianglu Wan, Mark B. Twitchett, Lindsay D. Eltis, A. Grant Mauk, and Michael Smith

Physical Sciences

CHEMISTRY

Charge transfer and transport in DNA 12759-12765 Joshua Jortner, Mordechai Bixon, Thomas Langenbacher, and Maria E. Michel-Beyerle

vii



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Contents

ENGINEERING

Use of intrinsic modes in biology: Examples of indicial 12766-12771 response of pulmonary blood pressure to ? step hypoxia

Wei Huang, Zheng Shen, Norden E. Huang, and Yuan Cheng Fung

MATHEMATICS

Hyers-Ulam stability of functional equations with a 12772-12775 square-symmetric operation

Zsolt Pales, Peter Volkmann, and R. Duncan Luce

PHYSICS

Field theory: Why have some physicists abandoned it? 12776-12778 Roman Jackiw

Extension of the thermodynamics of small systems 12779-12782 to open metastable states: An example

Terrell L. Hill and Ralph V. Chamberlin

STATISTICS

Geometry of circular vectors and pattern 12783-12786 recognition of shape of a boundary

Calyampudi R. Rao

Biological Sciences

APPLIED BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES

Lactone-ring-cleaving enzyme: Genetic analysis, 12787-12792 novel RNA editing, and evolutionary implications

Michihiko Kobayashi, Makoto Shinohara, Chigusa Sakoh, Michihiko Kataoka, and Sakayu Shimizu

Muscle protein synthesis by positron-emission 12793-12798 tomography with L-[methyl-' 'C]methionine in adult humans

Alan J. Fischman, Yong M. Yu, E. Livni, John W. Babich, Vernon R. Young, Nathaniel M. Alpert, and Ronald G. Tompkins

BIOCHEMISTRY

On the electronic nature of low-barrier hydrogen 12799-12802 bonds in enzymatic reactions

Birgit Schi0tt, Bo Brummerstedt Iversen, Georg Kent Hellerup Madsen, Finn Krebs Larsen, and Thomas C. Bruice

NMR characterization of altered lignins extracted 12803-12808 from tobacco plants down-regulated for lignification enzymes cinnamyl-alcohol dehydrogenase and cinnamoyl-CoA reductase

John Ralph, Ronald D. Hatfield, Joel Piquemal, Nabila Yahiaoui, Michel Pean, Catherine Lapierre, and Alain M. Boudet M See Commenta;y on page 12742

Directed evolution of a thermostable esterase 12809-12813 Lori Giver, Anne Gershenson, Per-Ola Freskgard, and Frances H. Arnold

Design and characterization of av-melanotropin 12814-12818 peptide analogs cyclized through rhenium and technetium metal coordination

Michael F. Giblin, Nannan Wang, Timothy J. Hoffman, Silvia S. Jurisson, and Thomas P. Quinn

The mechanism of proton pumping by 12819-12824 cytochrome c oxidase

Hartmut Michel * See Commentary on page 12747

In vitro evolution of horse heart myoglobin to 12825-12831 increase peroxidase activity

Lianglu Wan, Mark B. Twitchett, Lindsay D. Eltis, A. Grant Mauk, and Michael Smith

Thermus thermophilus: A link in evolution of the 12832-12837 tRNA-dependent amino acid amidation pathways

Hubert Dominique Becker and Daniel Kern

Glutamyl-tRNAGI1I amidotransferase in Deinococcus 12838-12843 radiodurans may be confined to asparagine biosynthesis

Alan W. Curnow, Debra L. Tumbula, Joanne T. Pelaschier, Bokkee Min, and Dieter S611

Nucleotide-dependent conformational change near 12844-1,2847 the fulcrum region in Dictyostelium myosin II

Wenchuan Liang and James A. Spudich

Sterols regulate processing of carbohydrate chains 12848-12853 of wild-type SREBP cleavage-activating protein (SCAP), but not sterol-resistant mutants Y298C or D443N

Axel Nohturfft, Michael S. Brown, and Joseph L. Goldstein

Light-induced exposure of the cytoplasmic end of 12854-12859 transmembrane helix seven in rhodopsin

Najmoutin G. Abdulaev and Kevin D. Ridge

Folding in vivo of a newly translated yeast cytosolic 12860-12865 enzyme is mediated by the SSA class of cytosolic yeast Hsp7O proteins

Suwon Kim, Brenda Schilke, Elizabeth A. Craig, and Arthur L. Horwich

cDNA cloning of Batis maritima methyl chloride 12866-12871 transferase and purification of the enzyme

Xinhai Ni and Lowell P. Hager

Cloning of the cDNA encoding the large subunit 12872-12877 of human RNase HI, a homologue of the prokaryotic RNase HII

Peter Frank, Christa Braunshofer-Reiter, Ulrike Wintersberger, Rudolf Grimm, and Werner Busen

The helical domain of a G protein a subunit is a 12878-12883 regulator of its effector

Wei Liu and John K. Northup

A cytochrome P450 terpenoid hydroxylase linked to 12884-12889 the suppression of insect juvenile hormone synthesis

T. D. Sutherland, G. C. Unnithan, J. F. Andersen, P. H. Evans, M. B. Murataliev, L. Z. Szabo, E. A. Mash, W. S. Bowers, and R. Feyereisen

Inhibition of RNA polymerase II transcription in 12890-12895 human cells by synthetic DNA-binding ligands

Liliane A. Dickinson, Richard J. Gulizia, John W. Trauger, Eldon E. Baird, Donald B. Mosier, Joel M. Gottesfeld, and Peter B. Dervan * See Commentary on page 12739

Mitochondrial adenine nucleotide translocase is 12896-12901 modified oxidatively during aging

Liang-Jun Yan and Rajindar S. Sohal

ix



Contents Enzymatic reaction with unnatural substrates: DNA 12902-12905 photolyase (Escherichia coli) recognizes and reverses thymine [2+2] dimers in the DNA strand of a DNA/PNA hybrid duplex

Danaboyina Ramaiah, Yongzhi Kan, Troels Koch, 1llenrik 0rum, and Gary B. Schuster

Identification of two distinct human SMC protein 12906-12911 complexes involved in mitotic chromosome dynamics

John A. Schmiesing, Alexander R. Ball, Jr., Heathier C. Gregson, Janet M. Alderton, Sharleen Zhou, and Kyoko Yokomori

Nitration of y-tocopherol and oxidation of 12912-12917 a-tocopherol by copper-zinc superoxide dismutase/H202/NOy2-: Role of nitrogen dioxide free radical

Ravinder J. Singh, Steven P. A. Goss, Joy Joseph, and B. Kalyanaraman

Comparison of x-ray crystal structures of an 12918-12923 acyl-euzyme intermediate of subtilisin Carlsberg formed in anhydrous acetonitrile and in water

Jennifer L. Schmitke, Lawrence J. Stern, and Alexander M. Klibanov

Purified histone acetyltransferase complexes 12924-12929 stimulate HIV-1 transcription from preassembled nucleosomal arrays

David J. Steger, Anton Eberharter, Sam John, Patrick A. Grant, and Jerry L. Workman

BIOPHYSICS

Folding and aggregation of designed proteins 12930-12933 R. A. Broglia, G. Tiana, S. Pasquali, H. E. Roman, and E. Vigezzi

Imaginig of H2170 distribution in the brain of a 12934-12939 live rat by using proton-detected 170 MRI

Itamar Ronen, Hellmut Merkle, Kamil Ugurbil, and Gil Navon

High-frequency, spin-label EPR of nonaxial lipid 12940-12943 order-ing and motion in cholesterol- containing membranes

Betty J. Gaffney and Derek Marsh

Smooth muscle myosin mutants containing a single 12944-12949 tryptophan reveal molecular interactions at the actin-binding interface

C. M. Yengo, P. M. Fagnant, L. Chrin, A. S. Rovner, and C. L. Berger

The conducting form of gramicidin A is a 12950-12955 right-handed double-stranded double helix

B. M. Burkhart, N. Li, D. A. Langs, W. A. Pangborn, and W. L. Duax

Inhibiting transthyretin conformational changes 12956-12960 that lead to amyloid fibril formation

Scott A. Peterson, Thomas Klabunde, I lilal A. Lalshuel, Hans Purkey, James C. Sacchettini, and Jeffrey W. Kelly

Direct molecular level measurements of the 12961-12966 electrostatic properties of a protein surface

S. Sivasankar, S. Subramaniam, and D. Leckband

CELL BIOLOGY

A conventional myosin motor drives 12967-12972 neurite outgrowth

Steven R. Wylie, Pei-jun Wu, Hitesh Patel, and Peter D. Chantler

Guanine nucleotide exchange factor GEF115 12973-12976 specifically mediates activation of Rho and serum response factor by the G protein ae subunit GU13

Junhao Mao, Huidong Yuan, Wei Xie, and Dianqing Wu

Increase of intracellular Ca2 4 and relocation of 12977-12982 E-cadherin during experimental decompaction of mouse embryos

Roxana Pey, Clarisa Vial, Gerald Schatten, and Mathias Hafner

BRCA1 is associated with the centrosome 12983-12988 during mitosis

Lih-Ching Hsu and Raymond L. White

Noncytopathic Sindbis virus RNA vectors for 12989-12994 heterologous gene expression

Eugene V. Agapov, Ilya Frolov, Brett D. Lindenbach, B6la M. Pragai, Sondra Schlesinger, and Charles M. Rice M See Commenta;y on page 12750

6-Tonoplast intrinsic protein defines unique plant 12995-12999 vacuole functions

Guang-Yuh Jauh, Andreas M. Fischer, Howard D. Grimes, Clarence A. Ryan, Jr., and John C. Rogers

MLCK-A, an unconventional myosin light chain 13000-130(05 kinase from Dictyosteliumi, is activated by a cGMP-dependent pathway

Linda A. Silveira, Janet L. Smith, John L. Tan, and James A. Spudich

Reduction in levels of the cyclin-dependent kinase 13006-13011 inhibitor p27kiP-l coupled with transforming growth factor 13 neutralization induces cell-cycle entry and increases retroviral transduction of primitive human hematopoietic cells

Mo A. Dao, Naomi Taylor, and Jan A. Nolta

Ionizing radiation and short wavelength UV 13012-13017 activate NF-KB through two distinct mechanisms

Nanxin Li and Michael Karin

Identification of a gene encoding an acyl 13018-13023 CoA:diacylglycerol acyltransferase, a key enzyme in triacylglycerol synthesis

Sylvaine Cases, Steven J. Smith, Yao-Wu Zheng, Heather M. Myers, Steven R. Lear, Eric Sande, Sabine Novak, Colin Collins, Carrie B. Welch, Aldons J. Lusis, Sandra K. Erickson, and Robert V. Farese, Jr.

DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY

Domain-specific gene disruption reveals critical 13024-1 3029 regulation of neuregulin signaling by its cytoplasmic tail

Xifu Liu, Helen Hwang, Linguang Cao, Michael Buckland, Anne Cunningham, Ju Chen, Kenneth R. Chien, Robert M. Graham, and Mingdong Zhou

x



Contents The parathyroid hormone/parathyroid 13030-13035 hormone-related peptide receptor coordinates endochondral bone development by directly controlling chondrocyte differentiation

Ung-il Chung, Beate Lanske, Kaechoong Lee, En Li, and Henry Kronenberg

Pancreas development is promoted by cyclopamine, 13036-13041 a Hedgehog signaling inhibitor

Seung K. Kim and Douglas A. Melton

Detection of targeted GFP-Hox gene fusions 13042-13047 during mouse embryogenesis

Alan R. Godwin, H. Scott Stadler, Kotoka Nakamura, and Mario R. Capecchi

ECOLOGY

Fluctuating silicate:nitrate ratios and coastal 13048-13051 plankton food webs

R. Eugene Turner, Naureen Qureshi, Nancy N. Rabalais, Quay Dortch, Dubravko Justi6, Richard F. Shaw, and Joseph Cope

Spatial scales of desert locust gregarization 13052-13055 Matthew Collett, Emma Despland, Stephen J. Simpson, and David C. Krakauer

EVOLUTION

Identification and characterization of amelogenin 13056-13061 genes in monotremes, reptiles, and amphibians

Satoru Toyosawa, Colm O'hUigin, Felipe Figueroa, Herbert Tichy, and Jan Klein

Expression of the Hox gene complex in the 13062-13067 indirect development of a sea urchin

Cesar Arenas-Mena, Pedro Martinez, R. Andrew Cameron, and Eric H. Davidson

GENETICS

Complete sequencing of the Fugu WAGR region 13068-13072 from WT1 to PAX6: Dramatic compaction and conservation of synteny with human chromosome 1lpl3

Colin Miles, Greg Elgar, Edward Coles, Dirk-Jan Kleinjan, Veronica van Heyningen, and Nicholas Hastie

Chromosome-specific molecular organization of 13073-13078 maize (Zea mays L.) centromeric regions

E. V. Ananiev, R. L. Phillips, and [H. W. Rines

A viral suppressor of gene silencing in plants 13079-13084 Radhamani Anandalakshmi, Gail J. Pruss, Xin Ge, Rajendra Marathe, Allison C. Mallory, Trenton H. Smith, and Vicki B. Vance

The Fanconi anemia pathway requires FAA 13085-13090 phosphorylation and FAA/FAC nuclear accumulation

Takayuki Yamashita, Gary M. Kupfer, Dieter Naf, Ahmed Suliman, Hans Joenje, Shigetaka Asano, and Alan D. D'Andrea

The genetics of caloric restriction in 13091-13096 Caenorhabditiks elegans

Bernard Lakowski and Siegfried Hekimi

A deletion within the murine Werner syndrome 13097-13102 helicase induces sensitivity to inhibitors of topoisomerase and loss of cellular proliferative capacity

Michel Lebel and Philip Leder

Pathogenic implications of mutations in the tau 13103-13107 gene in pallido-ponto-nigral degeneration and related neurodegenerative disorders linked to chromosome 17

Lorraine N. Clark, Parvoneh Poorkaj, Zbigniew Wszolek, Daniel H. Geschwind, Ziad S. Nasreddine, Bruce Miller, Diane Li, Haydeh Payami, Fre Awert, Katerina Markopoulou, Athena Andreadis, Ian D'Souza, Virginia M.-Y. Lee, Lee Reed, John Q. Trojanowski, Victoria Zhukareva, Thomas Bird, Gerard Schellenberg, and Kirk C. Wilhelmsen

PCR-based subtractive hybridization and differences 13108-13113 in gene content among strains of Helicobacter pylori

Natalia S. Akopyants, Arkady Fradkov, Luda Diatchenko, Jason E. Hill, Paul D. Siebert, Sergey A. Lukyanov, Eugene D. Sverdlov, and Douglas E. Berg

Inactivation of DNA proofreading obviates the 13114-13119 need for SOS induction in frameshift mutagenesis

Robert P. P. Fuchs and Rita L. Napolitano

IMMUNOLOGY

An inhibitor of HIV-1 protease modulates 13120-13124 proteasome activity, antigen presentation, and T cell responses

Patrice Andr6, Marcus Groettrup, Paul Klenerman, Rita de Giuli, Bruce L. Booth, Jr., Vincenzo Cerundolo, Marc Bonneville, Francine Jotereau, Rolf M. Zinkernagel, and Vincent Lotteau

Interleukin 12 deficiency associated with 13125-13129 recurrent infections

Soichi Haraguchi, Noorbibi K. Day, Robert P. Nelson, Jr., Patricia Emmanuel, John E. Duplantier, Christodoulos S. Christodoulou, and Robert A. Good

Three distinct domains of SS-14/SOCS-1/JAB 13130-13134 protein are required for its suppression of interleukin 6 signaling

Masashi Narazaki, Minoru Fujimoto, Tomoshige Matsumoto, Yoshiaki Morita, Hiroshi Saito, Tadahiro Kajita, Kazuyuki Yoshizaki, Tetsuji Naka, and Tadamitsu Kishimoto

Defect in IgV gene somatic hypermutation in 13135-13140 Common Variable Immuno-Deficiency syndrome

Yves Levy, Neetu Gupta, Francoise Le Deist, Corinne Garcia, Alain Fischer, Jean-Claude Weill, and Claude-Agnes Reynaud

Vaccination with irradiated autologous melanoma cells 13141-13146 engineered to secrete human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor generates potent antitumor immunity in patients with metastatic melanoma

Robert Soiffer, Thomas Lynch, Martin Mihm, Ken Jung, Catherine Rhuda, Jan C. Schmollinger, F. Stephen Hodi, Laura Liebster, Prudence Lam, Steven Mentzer, Samuel Singer, Kenneth K. Tanabe, A. Benedict Cosimi, Rosemary Duda, Arthur Sober, Atul Bhan, John Daley, Donna Neuberg, Gordon Parry, Joseph Rokovich, Laurie Richards, Jan Drayer, Anton Berns, Shirley Clift, Lawrence K. Cohen, Richard C. Mulligan, and Glenn Dranoff

xi



Contents Quantitative analysis of the immunopotency of 13147-13152 genetically transfected dendritic cells

Laura Timares, Akira Takashima, and Stephen Albert Johnston

HIV-1 Tat protein mimicry of chemokines 13153-13158 Adriana Albini, Silvano Ferrini, Roberto Benelli, Sabrina Sforzini, Daniela Giunciuglio, Maria Grazia Aluigi, Amanda E. I. Proudfoot, Sami Alouani, Timothy N. C. Wells, Giuliano Mariani, Ronald L. Rabin, Joshua M. Farber, and Douglas M. Noonan

Adenoviral-mediated gene transfer in lymphocytes 13159-13164 Ronald P. Leon, Tammy Hedlund, Sandra J. Meech, Shaobing Li, Jerome Schaack, Stephen P. Hunger, Richard C. Duke, and James DeGregori

Interaction affinity between cytokine receptor 13165-13170 components on the cell surface

Adrian Whitty, Natalya Raskin, Dian L. Olson, Christopher W. Borysenko, Christine M. Ambrose, Christopher D. Benjamin, and Linda C. Burkly

Rapid elimination of mature autoreactive B cells 13171-13175 demonstrated by Cre-induced change in B cell antigen receptor specificity in vivo

Kong-Peng Lam and Klaus Rajewsky

MEDICAL SCIENCES

Association of CYP3A4 genotype with 13176-13181 treatment-related leukemia

Carolyn A. Felix, Amy H. Walker, Beverly J. Lange, Terence M. Williams, Naomi J. Winick, Nai-Kong V. Cheung, Brian D. Lovett, Peter C. Nowell, Ian A. Blair, and Timothy R. Rebbeck

Inhibition of arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase triggers 13182-13187 massive apoptosis in human prostate cancer cells

Jagadananda Ghosh and Charles E. Myers

CM11-mediated recovery of walking ability in 13188-13193 adult mice paralyzed by spinal cord injury

Artur W. Wamil, Barbara D. Wamil, and Carl G. Hellerqvist

p19Arf induces p53-dependent apoptosis during 13194-13199 Abelson virus-mediated pre-B cell transformation

Arash Radfar, Indira Unnikrishnan, Han-Woong Lee, Ronald A. DePinho, and Naomi Rosenberg

Carbohydrate-deficient glycoprotein syndrome 13200-13205 type V: Deficiency of dolichyl-P-Glc:MangGlcNAc2- PP-dolichyl glucosyltransferase

Christian Korner, Roland Knauer, Ulrike Holzbach, Folker Hanefeld, Ludwig Lehle, and Kurt von Figura

Homogeneous immunoconjugates for boron 13206-13210 neutron-capture therapy: Design, synthesis, and preliminary characterization

Lufeng Guan, Letitia A. Wims, Robert R. Kane, Mark B. Smuckler, Sherie L. Morrison, and M. Frederick Hawthorne

Insulin-like growth factor I is a growth-promoting 13211-13216 factor for Leishmania promastigotes and amastigotes

H. Goto, C. M. C. Gomes, C. B. P. Corbett, H. P. Monteiro, and M. Gidlund

A common mutation in the 13217-13220 methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene is associated with an accumulation of formylated tetrahydrofolates in red blood cells

Pamela J. Bagley and Jacob Selhub

Regulation of matrix metalloproteinase-9 and 13221-13226 inhibition of tumor invasion by the membrane-anchored glycoprotein RECK

Chiaki Takahashi, Zeqi Sheng, Thomas P. Horan, Hitoshi Kitayama, Masatoshi Maki, Kiyotaka Hitomi, Yasuyuki Kitaura, Setsuo Takai, Regina M. Sasahara, Aki Horimoto, Yoji Ikawa, Barry J. Ratzkin, Tsutomu Arakawa, and Makoto Noda

MICROBIOLOGY

Identification of differentially expressed mRNA in 13227-13232 prokaryotic organisms by customized amplification libraries (DECAL): The effect of isoniazid on gene expression in Mycobacteriumn tuberculosis

David Alland, Igor Kramnik, Torin R. Weisbrod, Lisa Otsubo, Rosaria Cerny, Lincoln P. Miller, William R. Jacobs, Jr., and Barry R. Bloom

Influenza C virus CM2 integral membrane 13233-13238 glycoprotein is produced from a polypeptide precursor by cleavage of an internal signal sequence

Andrew Pekosz and Robert A. Lamb

NEUROBIOLOGY

A conventional myosin motor drives 12967-12972 neurite outgrowth

Steven R. Wylie, Pei-jun Wu, Hitesh Patel, and Peter D. Chantler

Phenotype-genotype studies in kuru: Implications 13239-13241 for new variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease

Larisa Cervenakova, Lev G. Goldfarb, Ralph Garruto, Hee-Suk Lee, D. Carleton Gajdusek, and Paul Brown

Long-term but not short-term plasticity at mossy 13242-13247 fiber synapses is impaired in neural cell adhesion molecule-deficient mice

Harold Cremer, Genevieve Chazal, Alan Carleton, Christo Goridis, Jean-Didier Vincent, and Pierre-Marie Lledo

EphA4 (Sekl) receptor tyrosine kinase is required 13248-13253 for the development of the corticospinal tract

Mirella Dottori, Lynne Hartley, Mary Galea, George Paxinos, Mark Polizzotto, Trevor Kilpatrick, Perry F. Bartlett, Mark Murphy, Frank Kontgen, and Andrew W. Boyd

The neuronal RNA-binding protein Nova-2 is 13254-13259 implicated as the autoantigen targeted in POMA patients with dementia

Yolanda Y. L. Yang, Guang Lin Yin, and Robert B. Darnell

Patch-clamp and amperometric recordings from 13260-13265 norepinephrine transporters: Channel activity and voltage-dependent uptake

Aurelio Galli, Randy D. Blakely, and Louis J. DeFelice * See Cornmenta;fy on palge 12737

xii



Contents

Amyloid ,B peptide alters intracellular vesicle 13266-13271 trafficking and cholesterol homeostasis

Yuanbin Liu, Daniel A. Peterson, and David Schubert

Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent kinase II mediates 13272-13277 simultaneous enhancement of gap-junctional conductance and glutamatergic transmission

Alberto E. Pereda, Theodore D. Bell, Bill H. Chang, Andrew J. Czernik, Angus C. Nairn, Thomas R. Soderling, and Donald S. Faber

A Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor enriched 13278-13283 highly in the basal ganglia

Hiroaki Kawasaki, Gregory M. Springett, Shinichiro Toki, Juan J. Canales, Patricia Harlan, Justin P. Blumenstiel, Emy J. Chen, I. Amy Bany, Naoki Mochizuki, Amy Ashbacher, Michiyuki Matsuda, David E. Housman, and Ann M. Graybiel

Role of brain allopregnanolone in the plasticity of 13284-13289 -y-aminobutyric acid type A receptor in rat brain during pregnancy and after delivery

A. Concas, M. C. Mostallino, P. Porcu, P. Follesa, M. L. Barbaccia, M. Trabucchi, R. H. Purdy, P. Grisenti, and G. Biggio

Glial reduction in the subgenual prefrontal cortex 13290-13295 in mood disorders

Dost Ongiir, Wayne C. Drevets, and Joseph L. Price

The influence of depicted illumination on brightness 13296-13300 S. Mark Williams, Allison N. McCoy, and Dale Purves

An empirical explanation of brightness 13301-13306 S. Mark Williams, Allison N. McCoy, and Dale Purves

PHARMACOLOGY

A G protein y subunit-like domain shared between 13307-13312 RGSII and other RGS proteins specifies binding to G[5 subunits

Bryan E. Snow, Andrejs M. Krumins, Greg M. Brothers, Sheu-Fen Lee, Mark A. Wall, Stephen Chung, Joan Mangion, Sudha Arya, Alfred G. Gilman, and David P. Siderovski

Pharmacological analysis of cyclooxygenase-1 13313-13318 in inflammation

Christopher J. Smith, Yan Zhang, Carol M. Koboldt, Jerry Muhammad, Ben S. Zweifel, Alex Shaffer, John J. Talley, Jaime L. Masferrer, Karen Seibert, and Peter C. Isakson

PLANT BIOLOGY

A photosystem I reaction center driven by 13319-13323 chlorophyll d in oxygenic photosynthesis

Qiang Hu, Hideaki Miyashita, Ikuko Iwasaki, Norihide Kurano, Shigetoh Miyachi, Masayo Iwaki, and Shigeru Itoh

Altered xanthophyll compositions adversely affect 13324-13329 chlorophyll accumulation and nonphotochemical quenching in Arabidopsis mutants

Barry J. Pogson, Krishna K. Niyogi, Olle Bj6rkman, and Dean DellaPenna

Gene discovery in the wood-forming tissues of 13330-13335 poplar: Analysis of 5,692 expressed sequence tags

Fredrik Sterky, Sharon Regan, Jan Karlsson, Magnus Hertzberg, Antje Rohde, Anders Holmberg, Bahram Amini, Rupali Bhalerao, Magnus Larsson, Raimundo Villarroel, Marc Van Montagu, Goran Sandberg, Olof Olsson, Tuula T. Teeri, Wout Boerjan, Petter Gustafsson, Mathias Uhl6n, Bjorn Sundberg, and Joakim Lundeberg

Identification and analysis of the plant peroxisomal 13336-13341 targeting signal 1 receptor NtPEX5

Friedrich Kragler, Gunther Lametschwandtner, James Christmann, Andreas Hartig, and John J. Harada

Enhanced stability of maize endosperm 13342-13347 ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase is gained through mutants that alter subunit interactions

Thomas W. Greene and L. Curtis Hannah

CORRECTIONS

IMMUNOLOGY Altered peptide ligands induce quantitatively but 13348 not qualitatively different intracellular signals in primary thymocytes

Lesley A. Smyth, Owen Williams, Russel D. J. Huby, Trisha Norton, Oreste Acuto, Steven C. Ley, and Dimitris Kioussis

DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY Differential rescue of visceral and cardiac defects in 13348 Drosophila by vertebrate tinman-related genes

Maijon Park, Carol Lewis, David Turbay, Amy Chung, Jau-Nian Chen, Sylvia Evans, Roger E. Breitbart, Mark C. Fishman, Seigo Izumo, and Rolf Bodmer

AUTHOR INDEX xv-xvii

INFORMATION FOR AUTHORS xviii-xx

SIZING WORKSHEET xxi

DOCUMENTATION REPORT xxii

COPYRIGHT ASSIGNMENT FORM xxiii

CLASSIFIED ADVERTISEMENTS xxvii-xxviii

Cover photograph: Hildreth Meiere's emblematic figure depicting Anthropology: One of eight radial panels on the dome of the Great Hall at the National Academy of Sciences.

xiii



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