Front MatterSource: Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics, Vol. 30 (1999), pp. i-viiiPublished by: Annual ReviewsStable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/221676 .

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ANN UAL VIEW OF

ECOLOGY AND

S YSTEMATICS

VOLUME 30, 1999

CONTRIBUTING AUTHORS

RAss A. Aford D. L. Byers James T. Carlton Alan Cooper D. J. Des Marais S. I. Dodson Walter FP Eanes Norman C. Ellstrand Christopher M. Thelli Robert S. Fritz Avital Gasith Jonathan . Geller L. Gough James P. Hancock David D. Hart Daniel J Howard

Mathieu Joron a PR Juday Jennifer A. Leonard James Mallet Margaret J McFallNgai Melanie Mitchell G. Mittelbach Catherine Moulia George Neweombe Elliott A. Norse R. Parmener Honor C. Prentice Marjorie L. Reaka-Kdla Robrt R. Reisz Vincent Resh Stephen J. Pichardcs

OtwierRieppd Ann K.Sakai Mark W. &Iuwrtz C. S. 3teiner Charles E. Taylor Alan R. 7m*pltoi& R. B. Waide D. M. Waler M. R. Waltr RobetIX Wayne Stephen G. Weler Jun Wen John t. Wiens M. R. Willig

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ANNUAL REVIEW OF ECOLOGY

AND SYSTEMATICS

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EDITORIAL COMMITTEE (1999)

JAMES CLARK

DAPHNE GAIL FAUTIN

DOUGLAS J. FUTUYMA

RICHARD HARRISON

FRANCES C. JAMES

JUDY L. MEYER

H. BRADLEY SHAFFER

SCOTT WING

RESPONSIBLE FOR THE ORGANIZATION OF VOLUME 30 (EDITORIAL COMMITTEE, 1997)

DOUGLAS ERWIN

DAPHNE GAIL FAUTIN

DOUGLAS J. FUTUYMA

RICHARD HARRISON

FRANCES C. JAMES

JUDY L. MEYER

H. BRADLEY SHAFFER

VICTORIA SORK

JOHN DAMUTH (GUEST)

SUSAN MAZER (GUEST)

ARMAND KURIS (GUEST)

CORRESPONDING MEMBERS

Ross CROZIER (Australia)

RODOLFO DIRZO (Mexico)

Production Editor: NANCY P. DONHAM

Subject Indexer: BRUCE TRACY

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ANNUAL REVIEW OF

ECOLOGY AND

SYSTEMATICS

VOLUME 30, 1999

DAPHNE GAIL FAUTIN, Editor University of Kansas

DOUGLAS J. FUTUYMA, Associate Editor State University of New York at Stony Brook

FRANCES C. JAMES, Associate Editor Florida State University

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ANNUAL REVIEWS Palo Alto, California, USA

COPYRIGHT ? 1999 BY ANNUAL REVIEWS, PALO ALTO, CALIFORNIA, USA. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. The appearance of the code at the bottom of the first page of an article in this serial indicates the copyright owner's consent that copies of the article may be made for personal or internal use, or for the personal or internal use of specific clients. This consent is given on the condition that the copier pay the stated per-copy fee of $8.00 per article through the Copyright Clearance Center, Inc. (222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923) for copying beyond that permitted by Section 107 or 108 of the US Copyright Law. The per-copy fee of $8.00 per article also applies to the copying, under the stated conditions, of articles published in any Annual Review serial before January 1, 1978. Individual readers, and nonprofit libraries acting for them, are permitted to make a single copy of an article without charge for use in research or teaching. This consent does not extend to other kinds of copying, such as copying for general distribution, for advertising or promotional purposes, for creating new collective works, or for resale. For such uses, written permission is required. Write to Permissions Dept., Annual Reviews, 4139 El Camino Way, P.O. Box 10139, Palo Alto, CA 94303-0139 USA.

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THE ORIGIN AND EARLY EVOLUTION OF TURTLES, Olivier Rieppel and Robert R. Reisz 1

USES OF EVOLUTIONARY THEORY IN THE HUMAN GENOME PROJECT, Alan R. Templeton 23

STREAMS IN MEDITERRANEAN CLIMATE REGIONS: ABIOTIC INFLUENCES AND BIOTIC RESPONSES TO PREDICTABLE SEASONAL EVENTS, Avital Gasith and Vincent H. Resh 51

CHOOSING THE APPROPRIATE SCALE OF RESERVES FOR CONSERVATION, Mark W Schwartz 83

CONSPECIFIC SPERM AND POLLEN PRECEDENCE AND SPECIATION, Daniel J. Howard 109

GLOBAL AMPHIBIAN DECLINES: A PROBLEM IN APPLIED ECOLOGY, Ross A. Alford and Stephen J. Richards 133

USING PHYLOGENETIC APPROACHES FOR THE ANALYSIS OF PLANT BREEDING SYSTEM EVOLUTION, Stephen G. Weller and Ann K. Sakai 167

EVOLUTION OF DIVERSITY IN WARNING COLOR AND MIMICRY: POLYMORPHISMS, SHIFTING BALANCE, AND SPECIATION, James Mallet and Mathieu Joron 201

CONSEQUENCES OF EVOLVING WITH BACTERIAL SYMBIONTS: INSIGHTS FROM THE SQUID-VIBRIO ASSOCIATIONS, Margaret J. McFall-Ngai 235

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PRODUCTIVITY AND SPECIES RICHNESS, R. B. Waide, M. R. Willig, C. F Steiner, G. Mittelbach, L. Gough, S. I. Dodson, G. P Juday, and R. Parmenter 257

ANALYSIS OF SELECTION ON ENZYME POLYMORPHISMS, Walter E Eanes 301

POLYMORPHISM IN SYSTEMATICS AND COMPARATIVE BIOLOGY, John J. Wiens 327

PHYSICAL-BIOLOGICAL COUPLING IN STREAMS: THE PERVASIVE EFFECTS OF FLOW ON BENTHIC ORGANISMS, David D. Hart and Christopher M. Finelli 363

ASTROBIOLOGY: EXPLORING THE ORIGINS, EVOLUTION, AND DISTRIBUTION OF LIFE IN THE UNIVERSE, D. J. Des Marais and M. R. Walter 397

v

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vi CONTENTS

EVOLUTION OF THE EASTERN ASIAN AND EASTERN NORTH AMERICAN DISJUNCT DISTRIBUTIONS IN FLOWERING PLANTS, Jun Wen 421

FULL OF SOUND AND FURY: THE RECENT HISTORY OF ANCIENT DNA, Robert K. Wayne, Jennifer A. Leonard, and Alan Cooper 457

Do PLANT POPULATIONS PURGE THEIR GENETIC LOAD? EFFECTS OF POPULATION SIZE AND MATING HISTORY ON INBREEDING DEPRESSION, D. L. Byers and D. M. Waller 479

HISTORICAL EXTINCTIONS IN THE SEA, James T Carlton, Jonathan B. Geller, Marjorie L. Reaka-Kudla, and Elliott A. Norse 515

GENE FLOW AND INTROGRESSION FROM DOMESTICATED PLANTS INTO THEIR WILD RELATIVES, Norman C. Ellstrand, Honor C. Prentice, and James F Hancock 539

RESISTANCE OF HYBRID PLANTS AND ANIMALS TO HERBIVORES, PATHOGENS, AND PARASITES, Robert S. Fritz, Catherine Moulia, and George Newcombe 565

EVOLUTIONARY COMPUTATION: AN OVERVIEW, Melanie Mitchell and Charles E. Taylor 593

INDEXES Subject Index 617 Cumulative Index of Contributing Authors, Volumes 26-30 631 Cumulative Index of Chapter Titles, Volumes 26-30 635

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