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Leonardo Front Matter Source: Leonardo, Vol. 35, No. 1 (2002), pp. 4-116 Published by: The MIT Press Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/1577067 . Accessed: 14/06/2014 11:36 Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at . http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp . JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected]. . The MIT Press and Leonardo are collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to Leonardo. http://www.jstor.org This content downloaded from 185.2.32.21 on Sat, 14 Jun 2014 11:36:47 AM All use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions
Transcript
Page 1: Front Matter

Leonardo

Front MatterSource: Leonardo, Vol. 35, No. 1 (2002), pp. 4-116Published by: The MIT PressStable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/1577067 .

Accessed: 14/06/2014 11:36

Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at .http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp

.JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range ofcontent in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new formsof scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected].

.

The MIT Press and Leonardo are collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access toLeonardo.

http://www.jstor.org

This content downloaded from 185.2.32.21 on Sat, 14 Jun 2014 11:36:47 AMAll use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions

Page 2: Front Matter

Journal of the International Society for the Arts, Sciences and Technology Volume 35 Number 1 2002

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Page 3: Front Matter

Main Editorial Office Leonardo 425 Market Street, 2nd Floor San Francisco, CA 94105, U.S.A. Fax: 415-405-7758 E-mail: <[email protected]>

http://mitpress.mit.edu/Leonardo/

Collaborating Society Association Leonardo 8 rue Emile Dunois 92100 Boulogne Billancourt, France Fax: 33-1-46-0443-28 http://www.olats.org

Executive Editor

Roger F. Malina

Managing Editor Pamela Grant-Ryan

Senior Editor Patricia Bentson

Associate Editor Nicholas Cronbach

Editorial Assistant Kathleen Quillian

Corresponding Editor Patrick Lambelet

ISAST News Editor Andrea Blum

Leonardo Electronic Almanac Editor-in-Chief Nisar Keshvani

Managing Editor Patrick Lambelet

Leonardo Digital Reviews Editor-in-Chief Michael Punt

Managing Editor

Bryony Dalefield

Web Coordinator Robert Pepperell

Leonardo Music Journal Editor-in-Chief Nicolas Collins E-mail: [email protected]

Design Thomas Ingalls + Associates

Production

Impressions Book and Journal Services, Inc.

Acknowledgments The editors and Board of Directors of Leonardo gratefully acknowledge the support and assistance of the College of Extended

Learning, San Francisco State University; The Rockefeller Foundation; the Malina Trust; Fondation Daniel Langlois; the

University of Illinois; Donna Cox; and Al Smith.

Founder: FrankJ. Malina (1912-1981) FrankJ. Malina founded the journal Leonardo in 1967 as a professional journal for

working artists to write about their own work. The journal's interdisciplinary aims and scope reflect his many achievements as an aeronautical engineer, pioneer in

rocketry, research administrator, promoter of international cooperation, artist and editor.

Founding Publisher: I.R. Maxwell (1923-1991) I.R. Maxwell, as chairman of Pergamon Press, was the founding publisher of Leonardo in 1967. His vision of the future of publishing was instrumental to the establishment of contemporary scientific and scholarly publications and resulted in a major contribution to the development of modern science. His support and

encouragement of Leonardo over 25 years are gratefully acknowledged.

Past Editorial Board Members L. Alcopley Pierre Auger Max Bill

Jacob Bronowski

John Cage R. Buckminster Fuller

JamesJ. Gibson

Joseph Needham Frank Oppenheimer Cyril Stanley Smith C.P. Snow C.H. Waddington Lancelot Law Whyte

Leonardo Volume 35 Number 1, 2002

Leonardo (ISSN 0024-094X, E-ISSN 1530-9282) is published five times per year (February, April,June, August, and October) by the MIT Press, Five Cambridge Center, Cambridge, MA 02142-1407, U.S.A., for Leonardo, the International Society of the Arts, Sciences and Technology (Leonardo/ISAST). The Leonardo MusicJournal with CD (ISSN 0961-1215) is published as a companion volume. Copyright 2002 ISAST. Send address changes to Leonardo, MIT PressJournals, Five Cambridge Center, Cambridge, MA 02142-1407, U.S.A.

Leonardo is a trademark of ISAST registered in the U.S. Patent and Trademark Offices.

An electronic, full-text version of Ieonardo/Leonardo Music Journalis available from the MIT Press and from Project Muse.

Subscription Rates Individuals Subscription rates for Leonardo (five issues) with companion volume Leonardo MusicJournal (one issue): Electronic only- Individuals $65.00, Students/Retired $43.00, Institutions $350.00, Canadians add the 7% GST. Print and Electronic- Individuals $72.00, Students/Retired $48.00, Institutions $390.00, Canadians add the 7% GST. Outside the U.S. and Canada add $30.00 for postage and handling. Subscriptions to Leonardo MusicJournal can be purchased separately.

Subscription rates for Leonardo MusicJournal (one issue): Electronic only-Individuals $27.00, Institutions $54.00, Canadians add the 7% GST. Print and Electronic- Individuals $30.00, Institutions $60.00, Canadians add the 7% GST. Outside the U.S. and Canada add $5.00 for postage and handling.

Single Copies Leonardo: $15.00. Back issues: Individuals: $25.00; Institutions: $66.00. Leonardo MusicJournal with CD: Individuals: $30.00; Institutions: $60.00. Outside the United States and Canada add $5.00 per issue for postage and handling. Canadians add 7% GST. Special, double, and supplemental back issues are additional. Contact MIT Press for details. Claims for missing issues will be honored free of charge if made within three months after publication date of the issue. Claims may be e-mailed to: <[email protected]>. Prices subject to change without notice.

Distributors Total Circulation Services, Inc., 80 Frederick Street, Hackensack, NJ 07601, U.S.A., 201-342-6334; and Ubiquity Distributors, 607 Degraw Street, Brooklyn, NY 11217, U.S.A., 718-875-5491.

Indexing and Abstracting Indexed/Abstracted in Current Contents, RILM Abstracts, AATA, Arts and Humanities Citation Index, RLIN, DIALOG, ARTbibliographies Modern, Bibliography of the History of Art, Avery Index to Architectural Periodicals, Art Index, Research Alert, INSPEC. Leonardo is available in microform from UMI, 300 North Zeeb Road, Ann Arbor, MI 48106, U.S.A.

Advertising and Mailing List Rentals Contact the Marketing Dept., MIT PressJournals, Five

Cambridge Center, Cambridge, MA 02142-1407, U.S.A. Tel: 617-253-2866; E-mail: <[email protected]>. All copy is subject to publisher's approval.

Permission to Photocopy Permission to photocopy articles for internal or personal use or for the internal or personal use of specific clients is

granted by the copyright owner for libraries and other users

registered with the Copyright Clearance Center (CCC), provided that the fee of $10.00 per copy is paid directly to CCC, 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, U.S.A. The fee code for this publication is 0024-094x/02 $10.00. For those organizations who have been granted a photocopy license with CCC, a separate system of payment has been arranged. Permission for other use: The copyright owner's consent does not extend to copying for general distribution, for promotion, for creating new works, or for resale. Specific written permission must be obtained for such copying. Please contact Subsidiary Rights Manager, MIT PressJournals, Five

Cambridge Center, Cambridge, MA 02142-1407, U.S.A. Fax: 617-258-5028; E-mail: <[email protected]>. Statements of fact and opinion appearing in Leonardo are made on the responsibility of the authors alone and do not imply the endorsement of Leonardo/ISAST, the editors or the publisher. Business Correspondence Address all correspondence regarding stubscriptions, back issues, and bulk sales to: Leonardo MIT PressJournals Five Cambridge Center Cambridge, MA 02142-1407, U.S.A. Tel: 617-253-2889 Fax: 617-577-1545 E-mail: <[email protected]>

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Page 4: Front Matter

LEONARDO EDITORIAL BOARD Authors interested in publishing in Leonardo are encouraged to submit their proposals or manuscripts to a member of the Leonardo editorial board. Manuscripts received at the editorial office with the endorsement of an editorial board member receive priority processingfor publishing.

International Co-Editors David Carrier, Dept. of Art History and

Art, Case Western Reserve Univ., 10900 Euclid Ave., Cleveland, OH 44106-7110, U.S.A.

<[email protected]> ('02-'04) Jfirgen Claus, B-4837 Baelen, Overoth

5, Belgium <[email protected].> ('98-'00)

Bulat Galeyev, Institute "Prometei," Kazan State Technical University, Academy of Sciences of Tatarstan, K Marx Str., 10, Kazan 420111, Russia

<[email protected]> ('02-'04)

Editorial Advisors Annick Bureaud, CHAOS, 57, rue

Falguiere, 75015 France

<[email protected]> ('02-'04) Donna Cox, University of Illinois/

National Center for Supercomputing, 405 North Mathews, 4051 Beckman Institute, Urbana, IL 61801, U.S.A. <[email protected]> ('02-'04)

Michele Emmer, Dipartimento di Matematica, Universita di Roma "La

Sapienza," Piazzale Aldo Moro, 2, 00185 Rome, Italy <[email protected]> ('02-'04)

George Gessert, 1230 W. Broadway, Eugene OR 97402, U.S.A.

<[email protected]> ('02-'04) Istvan Hargittai, Budapest Technical

University, Budapest H-1521, Hungary <[email protected]> ('02-'04)

Eduardo Kac, Art and Technology Dept., The School of the Art Institute of Chicago, 112 S. Michigan Avenue, 4th Floor, Chicago, IL 60603, U.S.A. <[email protected]> ('02-'04)

Madhoor Kapur, 10 Rajdoot Marg, Chana-Kyapuri, New Delhi 110021, India ('96-'98)

Honorary Editors Rudolf Arnheim (U.S.A.) Roy Ascott (U.K.) ('02-'04) Stephen A. Benton (U.S.A.) ('02-'04) Claude Berge (France) ('96-'98) Ray Bradbury (U.S.A.) ('02-'04) Giorgio Careri (Italy) ('97-'99) Elmer Duncan (U.S.A.) ('97-'99) John E. Fobes (U.S.A.) ('02-'04) Herbert W. Franke (Germany)

('02-'04)

Judy Malloy, 5306 Ridgeview Circle #5, El Sobrante, CA 94803, U.S.A.

<[email protected]> ('02-'04) Jack Ox, 712 Broadway #5, New York,

NY 10003, U.S.A. <[email protected]> ('02-'04)

Sheila Pinkel, 210 N. Avenue 66, Los

Angeles, CA 90042, U.S.A.

<[email protected]> ('02-'04)

Curtis E. A. Karnow, Sonnenschein Nath & Rosenthal, 685 Market St., 6th Floor, San Francisco, CA 94105, U.S.A. <[email protected]> ('02-'04)

Raymond G. Lauzzana, 1333 Gough, #8B, San Francisco, CA 94109, U.S.A.

<[email protected]> ('98-'00)

Thomas E. Linehan, Research Partners

Program, College of the Arts, Ohio State Univ., 305 Mershon Auditorium, 1871 N. High Street, Columbus, OH 43210, U.S.A. <linehan.l [email protected]> ('02-'04)

Aleksandra Maiiczak, Adwentowicza 6/91, 92-536 L6di, Poland ('96-'98)

Frieder Nake, Informatik, University of Bremen, P.O. Box 330 440, D-28334 Bremen, Germany <[email protected]> ('02-'04)

Clifford Pickover, IBM ThomasJ. Watson Research Center, Yorktown

Heights, NY 10598, U.S.A. <[email protected]> ('97-'99)

Yona Friedman (Israel) Jorge Glusberg (Argentina) ('96-'98) Vic Gray (New Zealand) ('02-'04) Richard L. Gregory (U.K.) ('02-'04) YusufA. Grillo (Nigeria) ('02-'04) Anthony Hill (U.K.) ('99-'01) John H. Holloway (U.K.) ('97-'99) Peter LloydJones (U.K.) ('97-'99) Richard I. Land (U.S.A.) ('02-'04) Jacques Mandelbrojt (France) ('02-'04)

David R. Topper, History Department, University of Winnipeg, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3B 2E9, Canada

<[email protected]> ('02-'04) Stephen Wilson, Art Dept., San Fran-

cisco State Univ., 1600 Holloway, San Francisco, CA 94132, U.S.A. <[email protected]> ('02-'04)

Louise Poissant, Departement d'arts

plastiques, Universite du Quebec a Montreal, C.P. 8888, succ. Centre- Ville, Montreal, Quebec, Canada HSC 3P8 <[email protected]> ('00-'02)

Larry Polansky, Box 1052, Lebanon, NH 03766, U.S.A.

<[email protected]> ('97-'99)

Christa Sommerer, ATR Media

Integration and Communications Research Lab., 2-2 Hikaridai, Seika-cho, Soraku-gun, 61902 Kyoto, Japan <[email protected]> ('00-'02)

Rejane Spitz, PUC-RIO, Departmento de Artes, Rua Marques de Sao Vicente, 225 CEP 22453, Rio de

Janeiro, Brazil <[email protected] rio.br> ('02-'04)

Arthur Woods, The OURS Foundation, P.O. Box 180, CH-8424 Embrach, Switzerland <[email protected]> ('02-'04)

Otto Piene (U.S.A.) ('02-'04) Frank Popper (France) ('02-'04) Harry Rand (U.S.A.) ('02-'04) Ervin Rodin (U.S.A.) ('96-'98) Itsuo Sakane (Japan) ('02-'04) Kirill Sokolov (U.K.) ('02-'04) Sonia Sheridan (U.S.A.) ('99-'01) K. G. Subramanyan (India) ('97-'99) Takis (Greece)

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Page 5: Front Matter

0 EDITORIAL MICHELE EMMER: Can Ideas and Words Be Useful? 1

O THE LEONARDO GALLERY SHIFT-CTRL

Curated by ANTOINETTE LAFARGE and ROBERT NIDEFFER 5

NATALIE BOOKCHIN, LEV MANOVICH AND NORMAN KLEIN, EDDO STERN, ?TMARK, 7 NEGATIVIAND, DIRK PAESMANS AND JOAN HEEMSKERK (a/k/aJODI), MONGREL

ARTISTS' ARTICLES ANNE BRAY: The Community Is Watching, and Replying: Art in Public Places and Spaces 15

KEN GONZALES-DAY: Analytical Photography: Portraiture, from the Index to the Epidermis 23

GENERAL ARTICLE SITA POPAT ANDJAQUELINE SMITH-AUTARD: Dance Making on the Internet: 31

Can On-Line Choreographic Projects Foster Creativity in the User-Participant?

GENERAL NOTE KENNETH J. CIUFFREDA AND KIMBERLY ENGBER: 37

Is One Eye Better Than Two When Viewing Pictorial Art?

HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE PHILIPPE CODOGNET: Ancient Images and New Technologies: The Semiotics of the Web 41

COLOR PLATES 51

SPECIAL SECTION CREATIVITY AND COGNITION

LINDA CANDY: Introduction. Part I: Perspectives from the Third Symposium 55

HAROLD COHEN: A Self-Defining Game for One Player: 59 On the Nature of Creativity and the Possibility of Creative Computer Programs

ERNEST EDMONDS: Structure in Art Practice: 65

Technology as an Agent for Concept Development

MICHAEL QUANTRILL: Drawing as a Gateway to Computer-Human Integration 73

LEONAKDO Volume 35 Number 1 2002

JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR THE ARTS, SCIENCES AND TECHNOLOGY

lII1llllF1

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Page 6: Front Matter

SPECIAL SECTION SIGGRAPH EDUCATORS PROGRAM

VALERIE MILLER: Special Section Introduction 81

DAVID S. EBERT AND DAN BAILEY: A Collaborative 83 and Interdisciplinary Computer Animation Course

ANNE MORGAN SPALTER, PHILIP ANDREW STONE, BARBARAJ. MEIER, TIMOTHY 87 S. MILLER AND ROSEMARY MICHELLE SIMPSON: Interaction in an IVR Museum of Color:

Constructivism Meets Virtual Reality

0 NEW MEDIA DICTIONARY

LOUISE POISSANT: Part V: Copy Art 91

O LEONARDO REVIEWS

Reviews by WILFRED NIELS ARNOLD, ROY R. BEHRENS, ANNICK BUREAUD, 99 SEAN CUBITT, MIKE LEGGETT, MIKE MOSHER, ROBERT PEPPERELL, DAVID TOPPER

LEONARDO/ISAST NEWS 113

ENDNOTE

HELEN LEVIN: A Response to William Mitchell 117 on 'The Death of Drawing," with a Response by William J. Mitchell

W These texts have accompanying material (for example, illustrations, sound files or additional texts) available on Leonardo On-Line

(http://mitpress.mit.edu/Leonardo/). Visit the web site and use the search engine to find authors or topics.

ABOUT THE COVERS

Front cover: Diane Fenster, Untitled (Chair), Polaroid image transfer and dye sublimation print (from

digitally manipulated photographic files) on found cotton bedsheet, 2000. From Secrets of the Magdalen Laundries, a photo-installation with a digital sound environment composed by Michael McNabb <www.mcnabb.com>. First exhibited at Gallery Henoch, New York, NY, October 2000. Also exhibited at SIGGRAPH 2001. See <www.dianefenster.com/2000.html> for entire installation.

Back cover: Diane Fenster, Canto Nine/Nine Nights I Hung from a Windy Tree, Iris inkjet print (from digitally manipulated photographic files) on Arches 356 paper, 34 X 47 in, 1996. From the Hide and Seek series, first exhibited at Gallery 16, San Francisco. Also exhibited at SIGGRAPH 1997. See <www.art.net/-fenster> for the entire series.

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Page 7: Front Matter

Leonardo on the Web

Recent Content Highlights

LEONARDO ON-LINE : . .

http://mitpress.mit.edu/Leonardo .. . ............ ......... Information on Leonardo/ISAST projects and publications, including: . * Journal Special Projects: descriptions, calls for papers * Leonardo Book Series: titles, summaries and proposal guidelines : ... - * Subscription and order information and links .. ? Information for prospective authors ..........i

.......

LEONARDO MUSIC JOURNAL 'iiiiiiiiii ::_

http://mitpress.mit.edu/Leonardo/lmj Special topic volumes include:

* Southern Cones: Music out of Africa and South America (2000): table of contents, abstracts, CD description and essays from this special volume of LMJ.

* Not Necessarily English Music (2001): Project description of this special volume : of LMJ. ??-^

* Pleasure (2002): Call for papers and project description of LMJ's 2002 volume. * Groove, Pit and Wave (2003): Call for papers and project description of LMJ's 2003

volume.

LEONARDO ELECTRONIC ALMANAC & ARCHIVE

http://mitpress.mit.edu/LEA Recent articles of interest include: iii

* "Editorial: Passing the Cyberbaton," by Roger F. Malina. * "Can Ideas and Words Be Useful?," by Michele Emmer. * "Human Consciousness and the Postdigital Analogue," by Michael Punt. ..i.^^::?:V

... .... ....... .... ........

LEONARDO DIGITAL REVIEWS

http://mitpress.mit.edu/Leonardo/ldr.html Recent reviews of books, CDs, etc. include:

* Secret Knowledge: Rediscovering the Lost Techniques of the Old Masters by David Hock- ..

ney. Reviewed by Roy R. Behrens. j:.ii.s.. * The Dream Drugstore: Chemically Altered States of Consciousness by J. Allan Hobson.

Reviewed by Wilfred Niels Arnold. ::.. : . * Uplifted Spirits, Earthbound Machines: Studies on Artists and the Dream of Flight

1900-1935 byJyriki Siukonen. Reviewed by Mike Mosher.

OBSERVATOIRE LEONARDO DES ARTS ET TECHNOSCIENCES

http://www.olats.org Special projects include:

* Pionniers et precurseurs (Pioneers & Pathbreakers) Projet Article aboutJohn & James Whitney by Philippe Langlois Article about Oskar Fishinger by Philippe Langlois

* Afrique Virtuelle (Virtual Africa) Projet Within the "Spirit and Power of Water" Project: works and writings by Karin Retief, Iba Ndiaye, Elisabeth Piotelat, Jonathan Zilberg, Bob Gluck, Cynthia Rubin, Philippe Monvaillier, Colette Gaiter, Jean Pierre Rossie.

* Space and the Arts Project Discussion of this year's Space Arts Workshop, Paris, France, March 2001.

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Page 8: Front Matter

I '*l-; k ,11, A I LI 1IIL,

LEONARDO MUSIC JOURNAL VOLUME 11

The LMJ series is devoted to the aesthetic and technical issues in contemporary music and sonic arts. Cur-

rently under the editorship of Nicolas Collins, each thematic issue features artists/writers from around the

world, representing a wide range of stylistic viewpoints, and includes an audio CD or CD-ROM. LMJ is avail- able by subscription from the MIT Press. Visit <http://mitpress.mit.edu>.

LMJ 11: NOT NECESSARILY "ENGLISH MUSIC": BRITAIN'S SECOND "GOLDEN AGE"

After the first installment of Cool Britannia beguiled the 1960s with its peculiar conflation of Pop, Art, Fashion and Politics, musical experimentation flourished in the U.K. Styles of improvisation, minimalism, electronic music, performance art, political music and "amateur" music grew out of British art schools, universities and urban villages; styles neither as self-important as those of Europe nor as blithely techno- cratic as those of North America-a peculiarly "English Music" (and Scottish and Welsh). Some practition- ers became well-known and influential artists outside of the U.K. (Cornelius Cardew, Michael Nyman, Derek Bailey), while others have remained far too unrecognized abroad.

This volume of Leonardo MusicJournal highlights observers and participants who have contributed their accounts of this latest "Golden Age" of British Music. It is accompanied by a double CD of 27 pioneering U.K. works covering the period between 1960 and 1977.

Leonardo Music Journal Vol. 11, including the double CD, is available from the MIT Press for $30. To

order, send email to <[email protected]>.

LMJ 11 TWO-CD SET

LMJ 11 includes the double audio CD Not Necessarily "English Music," curated by musician, composer, writer and sound curator David Toop. The two CDs feature pieces from pioneering U.K. composers and perform- ers from the late 1960s through the mid-1970s: AMM; Max Eastley; Intermodulation; Frank Perry; Michael Parsons & Howard Skempton; Daphne Oram; abAna; Hugh Davies; Robert Worby; Lol Coxhill & Steve Miller; Spontaneous Music Orchestra; The People Band; Evan Parker & Paul Lytton;John Stevens; Steve

Beresford; Cornelius Cardew &Jane Manning; Ron Geesin; Gentle Fire; Rain in the Face; Ranulph Glanville; The Campiello Band; Mike Cooper; A Touch of the Sun; The Scratch Orchestra; and Frank

Perry, Mongezi Feza & Chris McGregor.

The two-CD set (without the journal) is available for $27 from the Electronic Music Foundation's CDeMu- sic. Visit <http://www.cdemusic.org/store/cde_search.cfm?keywords=eml36>.

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Page 9: Front Matter

A 'A~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

The Never-Ending Role of Artists and Scientists in Times of War

Three years ago Leonardo Editorial Advisor Michele Emmer asked: What can artists and scientists do when there is a war? How can we be useful? How can we help to find solutions? How can we avoid the use of the

military while at the same time protecting the lives of innocent civilians? What educational work can we do to avoid violence and war?

These are questions that do not have a deadline, unfortunately. Leonardo and Guest Editor Michele Emmer continue to seek papers discussing these and other topics that

address the role of artists and scientists in times of war. Please send manuscripts or manuscript proposals to Michele Emmer <[email protected] .it> or to

the Leonardo editorial office: LEONARDO, 425 Market Street, 2nd Floor, San Francisco, CA 94105, U.S.A. E-mail: <[email protected]>.

Texts that are being published as part of this project include the following:

Published in Vol. 34, No. 1 (2001): * MICHELE EMMER: Artists and War: Answers?

* BULAT GALEYEV: Open Letter to Ray Bradbury

*JOSEPH NECHVATAL: La beaute tragique: Mapping the Militarization of Spatial Cultural Consciousness

Published in Vol. 34, No. 4 (2001): * UBIRATAN D'AMBROSIO: Mathematics and Peace: Our Responsibilities * ALEJANDRO DUQUE: New Media as Resistance: Colombia

* SHEILA PINKEL: Thermonuclear Gardens: Information Art Works about the U.S. Military-Industrial Complex

Forthcoming: * MATJUSKA KRASEK: The Role of Artists and Scientists in Times of War

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Page 10: Front Matter

A I k *

! AZ- D

The Frank J. Malina Archives

Thanks to a grant from the French Ministry of Culture, a web site dedicated to the work of Frank Malina, the founding editor of Leonardo, has been launched. We are interested in locating any archival materials,

correspondences or other texts that are relevant to this archive. We are also seeking documentation and

correspondence relevant to the first decade of Leonardo, from 1965 to 1975.

Individuals with access to archival materials that could be incorporated into the FrankJ. Malina Archives or that could be made available on-line on the FrankJ. Malina web site <http://www.olats.org/pionniers/ma- lina/malina.shtml> are invited to contact: Jocelyne Rotily, Curator. E-mail: <[email protected]>. Postal address: 174 Bis, rueJean Mermoz, 13008 Marseilles, France.

___Y* ~V

Frank J. Malina Web Site

Frank Malina was a kinetic artist, research engineer, scientist and founding editor of the journal Leonardo. Art historian Frank Popper is correct to point out that it is no easy task to attach a label to FrankJ. Malina's career and achievements. In striving to reconcile artists and scientists he opposed strict classifications, and in his own life he embodied the ideals of the open-minded and multidiscliplinary scholar-and-artist of the Renaissance.

The FrankJ. Malina web site <http://www.olats.org/pionniers/malina/malina.shtml> has been designed to bring to the fore the many facets of FrankJ. Malina's personality and to show the innovative quality of his

accomplishments both in astronautics and in the development of the kinetic arts. It provides a great variety of material (some never previously published) of scientific and artistic nature:

* An illustrated biography referring to the most important episodes in Malina's life * A virtual gallery dedicated to Frank Malina's artwork * Bibliographical data including works by and about Frank Malina * An unpublished monograph on FrankJ. Malina by Frank Popper: "Frank Malina, Artist and Scientist:

Works from 1936 to 1963" * A conversation between FrankJ. Malina and artists Gorin, Xavier de la Salle and Cesar Domela * A section entitled "Testimonies and Memories," a body of texts written by individuals who were part of

Frank Malina's life.

All this and more can be found on the OLATS web site dedicated to this extraordinary pioneer in the field of art-and-technology: <http://www.olats.org/pionniers/malina/malina.shtml>.

Note: All persons wishing to contribute to the project by submitting an article or documentation are invited to contact:Jocelyne Rotily, Curator. E-mail: [email protected]>. Postal address: 174 Bis, rue Jean Mermoz, 13008 Marseilles, France.

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Page 11: Front Matter

L S it] l-: 01I Li

Leonardo Music Journal Volume 13

Groove, Pit and Wave-Recording, Transmission and Music

Despite Thomas Edison's assumption that the gramophone was nothing more than a sonic autograph album, suitable only for playing back the speeches of famous people, over the last 100 years recording has

radically transformed the composition, dissemination and consumption of music. Similarly, the business- like dots & dashes of Morse and Marconi have evolved into a music-laden web of radio masts, dishes, satel-

lites, cables and servers. Sound is encoded in grooves on vinyl, particles on tape and pits in plastic; it travels as acoustic pressure, electromagnetic waves and pulses of light.

The rise of the DJ in the last two decades has signaled the arrival of the medium as the instrument-the

crowning achievement of a generation for whom tapping the remote control is as instinctive as tapping two sticks together. Turntables, CD players, radios, tape recorders (and their digital emulations) are played, not

merely heard; scratching, groove noise, CD glitches, tape hiss and radio interference are the sound of

music, not sound effects. John Cage's 1960 "Cartridge Music" has yet to enter the charts, but its sounds are

growing more familiar.

For this issue of the Leonardo Music Journal we invite authors to submit articles on the role of recording and/or transmission in the creation, performance and distributi6n of music.

DEADLINES

15 October, 2002: rough proposals, queries

1 January 2003: submission of finished article

Address inquiries to Nicolas Collins, Editor-in-Chief, at: <[email protected]>. Finished articles should be sent to the LMJ Editorial Office <[email protected]>.

Note: LMJ is a peer-reviewedjournal. All manuscripts are reviewed by LMJ Editors, Editorial Board mem- bers and/or members of the LMJ community prior to acceptance.

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Page 12: Front Matter

Special Section

Creativity and Cognition Guest Edited by Linda Candy

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Page 13: Front Matter

SWlv, I n giol _Ema1 ;j, 5

The Gombrich/Gibson Debate

Leonardo is internationally recognized as a prime site for the discussion of the interfaces between art and science. In 1971 it publishedJ.J. Gibson's article "The Information Available in Pictures," which led to a

response from E.H. Gombrich that, in turn, led to a debate.

One of the difficulties of constructing cross-disciplinary debates is that they get marginalized through aca- demic citation conventions. A psychologist is more likely to cite material from psychologyjournals than from any other source. The arguments of artists and art historians quoting psychological material and ad-

vancing psychological arguments are not likely to be treated as seriously as specialist arguments. This situa- tion creates a problem for scientific advancement, as, more often than not, scientific advance is precipitated by happy accident or an observation that upsets the applecart.

Researcher Richard Woodfield contends that Gombrich upset Gibson's applecart in the pages of Leonardo. Gombrich's direction of interest was in the psychology of pictorial representation, which entails an interest in the psychology of perception. Gibson, whose major interest was in the psychology of perception, regarded pictures as a nuisance factor that had to be accommodated within his general theory. These two directions of interest meet in cognitive science, where the image plays a central role in accounting for visual percep- tual processes.

Richard Woodfield has made much of the material relevant to this discussion available on the web site "The Gombrich Archive" <www.gombrich.co.uk> and has issued a call for contributions to be published on that website. Contributions may be up to 5,000 words with up to 12 illustrations; the normal copyright conven- tions apply.

If sufficiently interesting material is received within 18 months, an article will be prepared for Leonardo, to revisit the debate 30 years on.

For further information, please contact: <[email protected]>.

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Page 14: Front Matter

I tO] Im I h 'L ? 1 3 LL

How to Reach the Leonardo Community On Line through the Internet

Leonardo members, editors, staff and publications are accessible through the Internet in a number of different ways.

Editorial Offices Leonardo Editorial Office: [email protected] Leonardo Electronic Almanac Editor: [email protected] Leonardo MusicJournal Editorial Office: [email protected] Leonardo Digital Reviews: [email protected]

Leonardo/ISAST Governing Board of Directors

Roger F. Malina: [email protected] Samuel Okoshken: [email protected] Sonya Rapoport: [email protected] Barbara Lee Williams: [email protected] Stephen Wilson: [email protected] Martin G. Anderson: [email protected] Mark Resch: [email protected] Mark Beam: [email protected] Lynn Hershman Leeson: [email protected] Joel Slayton: [email protected] Marci Reichelstein: [email protected] Curtis E.A. Karnow: [email protected] Penelope Finnie: [email protected] Mina Bissell: [email protected] Rich Gold: [email protected] Piero Scaruffi: [email protected] Beverly Reiser: [email protected]

Leonard/ISAST Advisory Board Beverly Reiser: [email protected] Nicolas Collins: [email protected] Craig Harris: [email protected] Michael Punt: [email protected] Marci Reichelstein: [email protected] Christine Malina Maxwell: [email protected]

Leonardo Book Series Joel Slayton, chair: [email protected] Douglas Sery: [email protected] Roger Malina: [email protected] Margaret Morse: [email protected] Annick Bureaud: [email protected] Pamela Grant-Ryan: [email protected] Craig Harris: [email protected] Allen Strange: [email protected] Michael Punt: [email protected]

Leonardo Editorial Board Members The following is a partial list of Leonardo and Leonardo MusicJournal editorial board members accessible on line:

Roy Ascott: [email protected] Marc Battier: [email protected] Paul Brown: [email protected] Annick Bureaud: [email protected] David Carrier: [email protected] Jfirgen Claus: [email protected] Nicolas Collins: [email protected] Donna Cox: [email protected] Ricardo Dal Farra: [email protected] Jody Diamond: [email protected] Michele Emmer: [email protected] Bulat Galeyev: [email protected] George Gessert: [email protected] Istvan Hargittai: [email protected] Eduardo Kac: [email protected] Douglas Kahn: [email protected] Curtis E.A. Karnow: [email protected]

Raymond G. Lauzzana: [email protected] Thomas E. Linehan: [email protected] Judy Malloy: [email protected] Jacques Mandelbrojt: [email protected] Frieder Nake: [email protected] Jack Ox: [email protected] Sheila Pinkel: [email protected] Larry Polansky: [email protected] Frank Popper: [email protected] Harry Rand: [email protected] David Rosenboom: [email protected] Itsuo Sakane: [email protected] Sonia Sheridan: [email protected] Rejane Spitz: [email protected] David Topper: [email protected] Stephen Wilson: [email protected] Arthur Woods: [email protected]

Leonardo WWW Sites Leonardo On-Line: http://mitpress.mit.edu/Leonardo/ Leonardo Electronic Almanac: http://mitpress.mit.edu/LEA/ Observatoire Leonardo: http://www.olats.org

The Leonardo Electronic Directory Leonardo maintains an on-line directory called the Leonardo Electronic Directory on the World Wide Web. The direc-

tory covers worldwide resources, individuals and organizations in the arts, sciences and technology. The URL for the Leonardo Electronic Directory is http://mitpress.mit.edu/e-journals/Leonardo/led.dir.html

Free Listing in the Leonardo Electronic Directory for Leonardo Associate Members Leonardo/ISAST associate members wishing to be included in the directory should send e-mail to [email protected] and include their name, addresses and other information that they wish to have posted, including any links to WWW URLs. The submission MUST be submitted in hypertext markup language (HTML) so that we can post the entry immediately in the Leonardo Electronic Directory.

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Page 15: Front Matter

Leonardo Book Series

The mission of the Leonardo Book Series, published by the MIT Press, is to publish texts by artists, scien-

tists, researchers and scholars that present innovative discourse on the convergence of art, science and

technology. Envisioned as a catalyst for enterprise, research and creative and scholarly experimentation, the book series enables diverse intellectual communities to explore common grounds of expertise. The Leonardo Book Series provides for the contextualization of contemporary practice, ideas and frameworks

represented by those working at the intersection of art and science.

Book proposals addressing theory, research and practice, education, historical scholarship, discipline sum-

maries, collections, and experimental texts will be considered.

Submission Guidelines: <http://mitpress.mit.edu/authors/ms-submission.html>.

In preparing your proposal, bear in mind that we need to know as much as possible about your book, in-

cluding its scope, its intended audience, and information on how you think we could best promote the book to that audience. We also need to be convinced that you can present what you have to say in a way that will be useful, interesting and important to your readers.

Your proposal should include the following four items:

I. A prospectus describing your intentions. II. A detailed table of contents.

III. Two to four sample chapters that demonstrate the clarity and precision of your prose and the appeal of

your expository strategy. IV. An up-to-date curriculum vita or resume.

Inquiries and proposals can be submitted to:

Joel Slayton, Chair or Doug Sery Leonardo Book Series Committee MIT Press Books

c/o LEONARDO 5 Cambridge Center 425 Market Street, 2nd Floor Cambridge, MA 02142 San Francisco, CA 94105 U.S.A. U.S.A.

E-mail: <[email protected]>

The following new books are currently in development:

FRANK POPPER: Virtual Art

JUDY MALLOY: Women, Art and Technology

STEPHEN WILSON: Information Arts: Intersections of Art, Science, and Technology

MICHELE EMMER: Visual Mathematics II

VICTORIA VESNA: Content Providers

OLIVER GRAU: Desire to Descend into the Image: The History of Virtual Art and Its Future

LINDA HENDERSON: The Fourth Dimension and Non-Euclidean Geometry in Modern Art (Reprint)

SIMON PENNY: Making Cultural Machines

LI; I I 2 !i I WI : ---

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Page 16: Front Matter

Special Section

SIGGRAPH

Educators Program Guest Edited by Valerie Miller

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Page 17: Front Matter

ISEA 2002 Eleventh International Symposium on Electronic Art

Nagoya, Japan 27-31 October 2002

Theme "Ourai"

"Ourai" is aJapanese word, used since early times, meaning people's comings and goings, traffic, associa- tion and so on. About 200 years ago, a book titled Nagoya Ourai was compiled and published in Nagoya, which was used as a kind of textbook for teaching and writing. ISEA 2002 Nagoya will function as a field of Ourai (transmission) between art and sciences. With this purpose in mind we are planning several concrete sub-themes.

ISEA 2002 will be the arena for three different kinds of Ourai: the search for relations with industry, a place where participants from Asia and all over the world can communicate and share ideas, and a place where citizens can enjoy events. Like the book Nagoya Ourai, we hope that ISEA 2002 will create a new text of al- ternative literacy in the electronic age.

The Nagoya area is one of the largest industrial areas in Japan. The areas around Nagoya Port, which will be the main site of ISEA 2002, are rich in traditional culture. With 10 years of experience with ARTEC Bi-

ennale, Nagoya has a proven reputation in a related field. With this background, Nagoya will serve as a new milestone for the ISEA symposium, which will be held in Asia for the first time.

Host Organization: ISEA 2002

The Nagoya Steering Committee will be established in the end ofJune 2001, including such organizations as:

* MEDIASELECT

* City of Nagoya, Nagoya Port Authority, other public governments * Art Universities, School of Informatics, Institutes

* ISEAJapan, academic societies

* Nagoya Urban Institute, artport Executive Committee, other organizations

For further information, please contact:

Kiyofumi MOTOYAMA

(tel/fax) ++81-52-7894774 Media & Design Group, GSHI, Nagoya-U [email protected]

|~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Xis [Il is :E a iviIaLiIu

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Page 18: Front Matter

Leonardo Journals and Books Available in Bookstores

Leonardo journals are available through subscription, but they can also be purchased in selected book-

stores. Here is a partial list of bookstores that carry Leonardo and Leonardo MusicJournal (LMJ).

Any readers who are aware of a local bookstore that you think would carry Leonardo, please send us contact

information for the bookstore and we will have MIT Press follow up (send info to <[email protected]>).

Leonardo books and journals can be ordered on-line through <http://mitpress.mit.edu>. Leonardo books can also be ordered through local bookstores or through on-line booksellers.

U.SA. Bookstores (Leonardo):

Architectural Book Center 229 Peachtree St., Suite B-04 Atlanta, GA 30303

The Bookery Dewitt Mall 215 N. Cayuba St. Ithaca, NY 14850

Builders Booksource 1817 Fourth Street Berkeley, CA 94710

City Lights Bookstore PO# 4828 261 Columbus Ave. San Francisco, CA 94133

A Clean Well-Lighted Place 601 Van Ness Ave. San Francisco, CA 94102

Cody's Books 2454 Telegraph Ave. Berkeley, CA 94704

Computer Literacy Bookshop 2590 N. First St., Suite 108 San Jose, CA 95131

Franz Bader Gallery Bookstore 1911 Eye St., NW Washington, DC 20006

News Express 1803 Connecticut Ave. Washington, DC 20009

NRJS Student Store At Art Center PO# N3679 1700 Lida St. Pasadena, CA 91103

St. Mark's Bookshop 31 Third Ave. New York, NY 10003

Stanford Bookstore Dist. Center 8424 Central Ave. Newark, CA 94560

Steve's Broadway News 204 Broadway Ave. E Seattle, WA 98102

Steve's Fremont News 3416 Fremont Ave. N Seattle, WA 98103

Tattered Cover 1628 16th Street Denver, CO 80202

Ubiquity Distributors (Distributor) 607 Degraw St. Brooklyn, NY 11217

Canadian Bookstores (Leonardo):

Libraire Olivieri 5200 Gatineau Montreal, Quebec H3T 1W9 CANADA

Magpie Magazine Gallery 1319 Commercial Drive Vancouver, BC V5L 3X5 CANADA

UBC Bookstore 6200 University Blvd. Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4 CANADA

International Bookstores (Leonardo):

Gleebooks PTY LTD 191 Glebe Point Road Glebe 2037 NSW AUSTRALIA

Librairie DuJeu De Paume 1 Place De La Concorde 75008 Paris FRANCE

Laie-CCCB Montalegre 5 08001 Barcelona SPAIN

Page One 5th Floor 12 Collins Street Melbourne 3000 AUSTRALIA

Tate Modern 25 Sumner St., Bankside London SE1 9TC UNITED KINGDOM

U.SA. Bookstores (LMJ):

Computer Literacy Bookshop 2590 N. First St., Suite 108 SanJose, CA 95131

Yankee Book Peddler 999 Maple St. Contoocook, NH 03229

Total Circulation SVC (Distributor) 80 Frederick Street Hackensack, NJ 07601-5234

Ubiquity Distributors (Distributor) 607 Degraw Street Brooklyn, NY 11217

Canadian Bookstores (LMJ):

Magpie Magazine Gallery 1319 Commercial Drive Vancouver, BC V5L 3X5 CANADA

UBC Bookstore 6200 University Blvd. Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4 CANADA

International Bookstore (LMJ):

Gleebooks PTY LTD 191 Glebe Point Road Glebe 2037 NSW AUSTRALIA

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Page 19: Front Matter

LEONARDO, THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR THE ARTS, SCIENCES AND TECHNOLOGY

Leonardo/ISAST Headquarters 425 Market Street, 2nd Floor San Francisco, CA 94105, U.S.A. Tel: 415-405-3335 Fax: 415-405-7758 E-mail: <[email protected]>

<http://mitpress.mit.edu/Leonardo/>

Leonardo Music Journal E-mail: <[email protected]> <http://mitpress.mit.edu/e-journals/ Leonardo/lmj/sound.html>

Association Leonardo 8, rue Emile Dunois 92100 Boulogne Billancourt, France E-mail: <[email protected]> <http://www.olats.org>

Leonardo Electronic Almanac c/o Leonardo 425 Market St., 2nd Floor San Francisco, CA 94105, U.S.A.

Leonardo Book Series 425 Market St., 2nd Floor San Francisco, CA 94105, U.S.A. E-mail: <[email protected]>

Subscriptions MIT PressJournals Five Cambridge Center

Cambridge, MA 02142, U.S.A. Tel: 617-253-2889 Fax: 617-577-1545 E-mail: <[email protected]> <http://mitpress.mit.edu/>

Benefits of Membership Artists, scientists, engineers, researchers and others interested in the contemporary arts and sciences are invited to join Leonardo/ISAST. Benefits include reduced rates for Leonardo/ISAST publications, the

opportunity to nominate artists for the FrankJ. Malina Leonardo Award for Lifetime Achievement, and a forum for reporting and promoting readers' activities. For further details contact Leonardo/ISAST, 425 Market Street, 2nd Floor, San Francisco, CA 94105, U.S.A. E-mail: <[email protected]>. Corporate membership also available.

Leonardo, the International Society for the Arts, Sciences and Technology (ISAST), founded in 1981, is a nonprofit organization that seeks to encourage the interaction of art, science and technology. Our 1,000 associate members include artists, researchers, art scholars, educators, students and interested members of the public.

Leonardo/ISAST's journals, books, electronic publications and other projects and activities aim to: (1) make visible the work of artists involved with science or technology and (2) promote the collaboration of artists, scientists and engineers.

Publications PRINTJOURNALS: The Leonardojournals are scholarly peer-reviewed journals of

record in the Art, Science and Technology field. Leonardo, published bimonthly, is the official journal of Leonardo/ISAST. Executive Editor: Roger F. Malina. ManagingEditor: Pamela Grant-Ryan. Leonardo MusicJournalwith CD is published annually. Executive Editor: Roger F. Malina. Editor-in-Chief: Nicolas Collins. ManagingEditor: Patricia Bentson.

ELECTRONICJOURNAL: Leonardo Electronic Almanac (http://mitpress.mit.edu/ e-journals/LEA/) is a monthly electronic journal available for free to Leonardo subscribers and for $35/year to non-Leonardo subscribers. Editor: Nisar Keshvani.

WORLD WIDE WEB: The Leonardo On-Line Web site (http://mitpress.mit.edu/ Leonardo/) publishes articles, galleries, bibliographies, sound samples, the Leonardo Electronic Directory and more. Executive Editor: Roger F. Malina. ManagingEditor: Patricia Bentson.

LEONARDO DIGITAL REVIEWS: The Leonardo Digital Reviews Project, through a panel of reviewers, publishes reviews of relevant books, journals, electronic publications and events. Reviews are published on the Web (http://mitpress. mit.edu/e-journals/Leonardo/ldr.html), and selected reviews are published in Leonardo Electronic Almanac and in Leonardo and Leonardo MusicJournal. Editor-in- Chief: Michael Punt. ManagingEditor: Bryony Dalefield. Web Coordinator: Robert Pepperell.

BOOKS: The Leonardo Book Series, published by the MIT Press, highlights topics related to art, science and developing technologies. Volumes include The Robot in the Garden; The Digital Dialectic: New Essays on New Media; Technoromanticism; Designing Information Technology in the Postmodern Age; Immersed in Technology: Art and Virtual Environments; The Leonardo Almanac: International Resources in Art, Science and Technology; and The Visual Mind: Art and Mathematics. Books Series Committee Chair:Joel Slayton.

Awards The Society awards the following awards:

Frank J. Malina Leonardo Award for Lifetime Achievement recognizes eminent artists who through a lifetime of work have achieved a synthesis of contemporary art, science and technology. Winners include Gyorgy Kepes, Nicolas Schoffer, Max Bill and Takis.

Leonardo Award for Excellence recognizes excellence in articles published in Leonardo. Winners include Rudolf Arnheim, Otto Piene, Charles Ames, Frieda Stahl, Donna Cox, Janet Saad-Cook, George Gessert, Alvin Curran, Karen O'Rourke, Eduardo Kac, Hubert Duprat with Christian Besson, andJose Carlos Casado with Harkaitz Cano.

Leonardo New Horizons Award for Innovation is given to individuals or groups for innovation in new media. Winners include Gregory Barsamian, Graham Harwood, Evelyn Edelson-Rosenberg, Jean-Marc Philippe,Jaroslav Belik, Peter Callas, Patrick Boyd, Christian Schiess, Kitsou Dubois and I Wayan Sadra.

Makepeace Tsao Leonardo Award recognizes organizations or groups that have increased public awareness of art forms involving science and technology, particularly through exhibitions. The first award has been given to La Cite des Arts et Nouvelles Technologies de Montreal.

ISAST News 115

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LEONARDO, THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR THE ARTS, SCIENCES AND TECHNOLOGY

Collaboration with Other Organizations The Society frequently collaborates with other organizations and guest editors to publish special issues or sections of Leonardo. Past special issues include:

With the New York School of Visual Arts: New York Digital Salon Catalogs 1995-2000

With the Inter-Society for the Electronic Arts:

Special Sections in Leonardo.

With the Association Leonardo: The Association Leonardo is a collaborating organization in France. Projects carried out in collaboration include: L'Observatoire Leonardo des Arts et Technosciences Web site (http://www.olats.org), The Space Art Workshops, The Virtual Africa Project, and The Pioneers and Pathbreakers Project.

Collaboration with Individuals: Special Projects Leonardo/ISAST works with guest editors and curators to

organize a number of projects that involve collaboration on

publications, workshops and conferences. Topics and editors include:

Art and Biology: Art and Consciousness: Art Education: Artificial-Life Art:

Brazilian Electronic Art:

Creativity and Cognition: Generative Systems:

Genetic Algorithms:

SIGGRAPH Educators

Program: SIGGRAPH Art Gallery

Program: Space Art:

Synesthesia and Intersenses:

Virtual Africa:

George Gessert

Roy Ascott

Roy Ascott Christa Sommerer and

Kenneth Rinaldo Eduardo Kac Linda Candy Alan Dorin and

Jon McCormack

Juan Jesus Romero Cardalda

Valerie Miller and Colleen Case

Diane Gromala and Dena Eber

R. Clar, A. Woods, A. Bureaud

Jack Ox andJacques Mandelbrojt

Jocelyne Rotily

Leonardo/ISAST Boards and Committees

Leonardo/ISAST Governing Board of Directors

Roger F. Malina ('98-'01), chair; Barbara Lee Williams ('98-'01), vice chair; Martin Anderson ('01-'03), treasurer; Mark Resch ('01-'03); secretary; Mark Beam ('98-'01); Sonya Rapoport ('98-'01); Stephen Wilson ('01-'03); Lynn Hershman Leeson ('01-'03);Joel Slayton ('99-'02); Penelope Finnie ('00-'03); Curtis Karnow ('99-'02); Mina Bissell ('00-'03); Rich Gold ('00-'03); Beverly Reiser ('00-'03); Piero Scaruffi ('00-'03)

Lifetime Honorary Board Members

Marjorie Malina Lord Eric Roll of Ipsden

Leonardo/ISAST Advisory Board

Beverly Reiser, chair; Nicolas Collins; Craig Harris; Christine Malina Maxwell; Michael Punt; Marci Reichelstein

Compensation Committee Martin Anderson, chair; Mark Resch; Barbara Lee Williams

Fundraising and Marketing Committee

Roger F. Malina, chair; Christine Maxwell; Stephen Wilson; Martin Anderson; Mark Beam; Barbara Lee Williams; Andrea Blum

World Wide Web Committee

Stephen Wilson, chair; Patricia Bentson; Craig Harris; Annick Bureaud; Mark Beam; Roger F. Malina

Book Series Committee

Joel Slayton, chair; Pamela Grant-Ryan; Craig Harris; Douglas Sery; Roger Malina; Margaret Morse; Annick Bureaud; Michael Punt; Allen Strange

Nominations Committee

Sonya Rapoport, chair; Roger F. Malina; Martin Anderson

Prizes and Awards Committee Barbara Lee Williams, chair; Lisa Bornstein, Sonya Rapoport

Special Thanks Leonardo/ISAST gratefully acknowledges the special efforts of the following:

Abby Luthin Rick Palazzolo

0:one

116 ISAST News

LEONARDO, THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR THE ARTS, SCIENCES AND TECHNOLOGY

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