05/01/2023 1

BANARAS HINDU UNIVERSITY

Presentation on “Role of Frontline Extension System in India”

GUIDED BY:- PROF. SHREE RAM SINGH PRESENTED BY:- IAS,BHU NABRAJ KHANAL R-13024

Course code:-RAWECourse title:-Rural Agriculture Work Experience Credit hour:-(0+4)

B.Sc.(Ag.) 4th Yr., INSTITUTE OF AGRICULTURE SCIENCES, BHU

FRONTLINE EXTENSION SYSTEM

Realizing the scope and importance of integrated working of interrelationship between research, education and extension functions, the ICAR established a section of Extension Education at its headquarters in 1971 which was later on strengthened and renamed as Division of Agricultural Extension.

It was intended to enforce this functional relationship down the line in the research institutes, agricultural universities and allied institutions.

The involvement of ICAR in extension started with the formulation and implementation of several front line extension programmes.

05/01/2023 2

The programs were as follows: National Demonstration (1966), Operational Research Project (1972), Krishi Vigyan Kendra (1974), Lab to Land Programme (1979), Frontline Demonstrations, Technology Assessment and Refinement (TAR) -Institution Village

Linkage Programme (IVLP), National Agricultural Technology Project (NATP), Agricultural Technology Management Agency(ATMA), National Agricultural Innovation Project (NAIP), Horticultural Mission.

05/01/2023 3

05/01/2023 4

National Demonstration:- Started on 1966.- Based n the concept of increasing the productivity per unit area and

time by using proven agricultural technology.

Basic purpose :-1. To show the genetic production potentiality of new technology of major crops.2. To encourage the farmers to adopt and popularise the technologies.

Fig: National Demonstration

05/01/2023 5

Role of National Demonstration: The main role is to demonstrate.

Production potentiality of a unit area.

The use of implement for different operation.

Use of soil testing labs for use of balanced fertilizer doses.

Demonstration in improved cultivation.

Provide first hand knowledge

Minimise the time lag between the research generated and its application

05/01/2023 6

Operational research project:

Initiated in 1972 to identify technological as well as socio-

economic constraints and to formulate and implement a

combination of technology modules on area/watershed/target

group basis.

The performance of the new technology is to be tested on

farmers’ fields at operational level.

05/01/2023 7

The role of ORP were:

Test, adopt and demonstrate the new agricultural technologies in farmer’s field in a cluster of three to four villages or in a watershed area. 

Calculate profitability of the new technology meant for increasing production and economic returns substantially.

Identify socio-economic constraints affecting transfer of new technologies.

Assess the credit worthiness of the new agricultural practices.

05/01/2023 8

Krishi Vigyan Kendra Established in 1974 with an objective of imparting through work experience.

Aimed at imparting training to extension workers, practicing farmers and fisherman who wish to be self-employed.

Priority is given to less resources available area.

Objectives:

1. To improve productivity in agriculture and allied enterprises.

2. To empower and utilize the energy of rural youth ad farmwomen.

3. To generate employment in farm and non-farm sector.

4. Improve socio-economic condition of rural community.

05/01/2023 9

Role of KVK: Impart skill of farmers and rural youths through vocational training

Conduct Frontline Demonstration

Carry out On-farm Testing to fine tune the technologies based on farming situations and develop location specific technology

Disseminate technologies in the districts by providing training to the extension workers of the various line departments

Production of quality seed, seedling and different bio-agents, inputs and services to enhance technology adoption.

05/01/2023 10

Lab to land program:

Implemented in 1979, by ICAR as a part of its Golden Jubilee celebrations.

The aim of the programme is to assist the selected farm families for improving their farming systems and thereby generating more employment and income.

The basic idea is to bring the scientists and farmers into a common forum and to introduce appropriate technologies, facilitating the diversification of labour-use and creating supplementary sources of income in the fields of agriculture and allied enterprises.

05/01/2023 11

Role of Lab to Land Program: Study and understand the background and resource of the selected farmers

and landless agricultural labourers.

Assist the farmers to develop feasible farm plans.

Guide and help the farmers in adopting improved technologies.

Organise training programmes and other extension activities.

Make the farmers aware of the various opportunities and agencies.

Develop functional relation and linkage with the scientist and institutions for future guidance, advisory service and help.

Utilize this project as a feedback mechanism for the agricultural scientist and extension functionaries.

05/01/2023 12

Front Line Demonstration:The field demonstrations conducted under the close supervision of scientists of the National Agriculture Research System are called front-line demonstrations because the technologies are demonstrated for the first time by the scientists themselves before being fed into the main extension system of the State Department of Agriculture.

“Seeing is believing” is the main principle behind the demonstrations.

05/01/2023 13

Roles of Front-Line Demonstration:

Demonstrate the newly released production technologies on the farmers’ fields.

Exploit their maximum potential in a given farming system.

Prepare technical leadership in the villages by imparting desired training.

Organize the need based training programmes for subject matter specialists and farmers, after identification of problems.

About 54,000 front line demonstrations were organized to demonstrate the production potential of newly released production technologies in 2009.

05/01/2023 14

Technology Assessment and Refinement (TAR)

In 1995, the ICAR launched this innovative programme.

Introduce technological interventions with emphasis on stability and sustainability along with productivity of small-farm production systems;

Introduce and integrate the appropriate technologies to sustain technological interventions and their integration to maintain productivity and profitability taking environmental issues into consideration in a comparatively well defined farm production system;

Introduce and integrate the appropriate technologies to increase the agricultural productivity with marketable surplus in commercial on and off farm production system;

05/01/2023 15

Facilitate adoption of appropriate post harvest technologies for conservation

and on-farm value addition of agricultural products, by-products and waste

for greater economic dividend and national priorities;

Facilitate adoption of appropriate technologies for removal of drudgery,

increased efficiency and higher income of farm women;

Monitor socio-economic impact of the technological intervention for different

farm production systems;

Identify extrapolation domains for new technology/technology modules

based on environmental characterization at meso and mega level.

05/01/2023 16

National Agricultural Technology Project (NATP)

Launched by ICAR on June 30, 1998, with the support of the World Bank, to strengthen and complement the existing resources and to augment the output of the National Agricultural Research System (NARS).

The major role of this component is:

1)  Accelerate the flow of technology form research, and extension to farmer.2) Improve the dissemination of location specific and sustainability enhancing technologies.3)  Decentralize technical and decision making authority to the district level.4)  Create a more effective and financially sustainable public extension system.5)  Step up the privatization of certain technology transfer activities.

05/01/2023 17

Agricultural Technology Management Agency(ATMA)

The role of ATMA are:

Strengthen research – extension – farmer linkages.

Provide an effective mechanism for co-ordination and management of activities of different agencies involved in technology adaption / validation and dissemination at the district level and below.

Increase the quality and type of technologies being disseminated. Move towards shared ownership of the agricultural technology system by

key shareholders.

Develop new partnerships with the private institutions including NGOs.

05/01/2023 18

National Agricultural Innovation Project (NAIP)

The Basic Role:

Give the agricultural research and technology development system an explicit  development and business perspective through innovative models. In other words, the agricultural research system should be able to support agriculture as a business venture and also as a means of security of livelihood of the rural Indian while maintaining excellence in science.

Make the National Agricultural Research System a 'pluralistic' system where every Organisation having stake in agricultural research: public, private or civil society, has to play a role.

05/01/2023 19

Working in well defined partnership groups with clear common goals

and understanding on sharing responsibilities and benefits.

Funding through competition so that a wide choice of excellent

innovative ideas come in from the stakeholders themselves.

Work with focus, plan and time frames.

05/01/2023 20

Horticultural mission National Horticulture Mission (NHM) is an Indian horticulture Scheme

promoted by Government of India.

It was launched under the 10th five-year plan in the year 2005-06.While Government of India contributes 85%, 15% share is contributed by State Governments.

A National Horticulture Mission was launched in 2005-06 as a Centrally Sponsored Scheme to promote holistic growth of the horticulture sector through an area based regionally differentiated strategies.

The scheme has been subsumed as a part of Mission for Integration Development of Horticulture (MIDH) during 2014-15.

“Presently, India is the 2nd largest producer of fruits & vegetables”

05/01/2023 21

Role of Horticultural Mission:The main focus is to develop horticulture to the maximum potential available

in the state and to augment production of all horticultural products (fruits,

vegetables, flowers, coco, cashew nut, plantation crops, spices, medicinal

aromatic plants) in the state. The other objectives are as follows:

To provide holistic growth of the horticulture sector through an area based regionally differentiated strategies.

To enhance horticulture production, improve nutritional security and income support to farm households.

05/01/2023 22

To establish convergence and synergy among multiple on-going and

planned programmes for horticulture development.

To promote, develop and disseminate technologies, through a seamless

blend of traditional wisdom and modern scientific knowledge.

To create opportunities for employment generation for skilled and

unskilled persons, especially unemployed youth.

05/01/2023 23

Thank you…..