• The Order In Which Animals Eat Plants And Other Animals.

• The Food Can Be Transferred From One Organisms To The Other Through Food Chains.

1.)Producers

2.)Consumers

(a) Herbivores

(b) Carnivores

(c) Omnivores

-Those Organisms Which Produces Food Are Called Producers.

-The Example Of Producers Are Green Plants And Certain Blue-Green Algae.

- Those Organisms Which Consume Food Prepared By Producers Are Called Consumers.

- All The Animals Are Consumers.

- If An Animal Eats Grass or Other Green Plants Or Their Products Itself We Say That It Gets The Food From Producers Directly.

- If An Animal Eats The Meat Of Other Animal (Which Eats Grass), Then We Say That It Gets The Food From Producer

Indirectly.

Consumers Can Be Further Divided Into Three Groups

• Herbivores– Eat Only Plants.

E.g.- Cow, Goat, Horse,

Deer.

• Carnivores– Eat Only Other Animals.

E.g. – Lion, Tiger, Frog, Vulture.

• Omnivores– Eat Plants & Animals.– E.g. – Humans, Dog,

Crow.

• It Involves One Organism At Each Trophic Level.– Primary Consumers – Eat

autotrophs (producers).

– Secondary Consumers –

Eat the primary consumers.

– Tertiary Consumers – Eat

the secondary consumers.

– Decomposers – Bacteria

and Fungi that break down

dead organisms and

recycle the material back

into the environment.

Deer(Herbivores)

Grass(Producer) Lion

(Carnivores)

Grass

(Producer)

Grasshopper

(Herbivore)

Frog

(Carnivore)Eagle

(Top Carnivore)

Plant

(Producer)

Worm

(Herbivore)Bird

(Carnivore) Cat

(Top Carnivore)

Algae (Phytoplankton)

(Producer)

Protozoa (Zooplankton)

(Herbivore)

Small Fish

(Carnivore)

Big Fish

(Large Carnivore)

Producer(Trapped Sunlight &

Stored Food)

1st Order

Consumer2nd Order

Consumer

3rd Order

Consumer 4th Order

Consumer

• The Network Of A Large Number Of Food Chain Existing In An Ecosystem Is Called A Food Web.

• The Food Web Has Many Intercrosses And Linkage Among The Various Species (Producers And Consumers) Present In It.

Plants

Rabbit

Grasshopper

Frog

Snake

Hawk

Rat Bird

1

2 3

4

Energy flows through an ecosystem in one direction

from producers to various levels of consumers.