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GCC CHEMICALS INDUSTRY INNOVATION INDICATORS 2016
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Page 1: GCC CHEMICALS INDUSTRY INNOVATION INDICATORS 2016 · 2018-03-03 · Future Outlook 28 CC C 2016 3. INTRODUCTION. Key highlights from GCC chemical R&D investment in 2015 GCC petrochemical

GCC CHEMICALS INDUSTRY INNOVATION INDICATORS 2016

Page 2: GCC CHEMICALS INDUSTRY INNOVATION INDICATORS 2016 · 2018-03-03 · Future Outlook 28 CC C 2016 3. INTRODUCTION. Key highlights from GCC chemical R&D investment in 2015 GCC petrochemical
Page 3: GCC CHEMICALS INDUSTRY INNOVATION INDICATORS 2016 · 2018-03-03 · Future Outlook 28 CC C 2016 3. INTRODUCTION. Key highlights from GCC chemical R&D investment in 2015 GCC petrochemical

CONTENTSIntroduction

»Key highlights from GCC chemical R&D investment in 2015 5

Global and regional trends in industrial R&D spending 6

Growth pattern of chemical patents in GCC 9

Key scientific indicators

»Chemistry publications 17

»Publications impact 23

»University graduates 26

Future Outlook 28

3GCC Chemicals Industry Innovation Indicators 2016 |

Page 4: GCC CHEMICALS INDUSTRY INNOVATION INDICATORS 2016 · 2018-03-03 · Future Outlook 28 CC C 2016 3. INTRODUCTION. Key highlights from GCC chemical R&D investment in 2015 GCC petrochemical

INTRODUCTION

Page 5: GCC CHEMICALS INDUSTRY INNOVATION INDICATORS 2016 · 2018-03-03 · Future Outlook 28 CC C 2016 3. INTRODUCTION. Key highlights from GCC chemical R&D investment in 2015 GCC petrochemical

Key highlights from GCC chemical R&D investment in 2015

GCC petrochemical

producers invested

USD 729 million

in R&D, a 38%

increase from the

previous year

GCC R&D

investment

demonstrated

positive growth

in both absolute

and relative terms,

with R&D intensity

reaching 0.9% of

total sales revenue

Saudi Arabia

accounted for 90%

of all GCC patent

applications in the

field of chemistry

The number

of chemistry

publications

increased by

tenfold over the last

decade, reaching

over 3,000, with

Saudi Arabia

leading the way

GCC published

around 550

scientific

publications per

million people, with

Qatar having the

highest publication

intensity in the

region

There is continues

growth of university

graduates in

the GCC, with

science graduates

representing 7% of

the total

5GCC Chemicals Industry Innovation Indicators 2016 |

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GLOBAL AND REGIONAL TRENDS IN INDUSTRIAL R&D SPENDING

Page 7: GCC CHEMICALS INDUSTRY INNOVATION INDICATORS 2016 · 2018-03-03 · Future Outlook 28 CC C 2016 3. INTRODUCTION. Key highlights from GCC chemical R&D investment in 2015 GCC petrochemical

Global R&D spending in the chemical industry reached USD 44.1 billion in 2015, a decline of 10% from the year before

As in previous years, growth in global chemical R&D spending has been driven by Asian countries, or China in particular. China experienced a dramatic change in R&D spending, as companies take advantage of proximity to manufactures and end user markets. In 2015, China accounted for nearly one third of total chemical R&D spending, surpassing both the US and Europe whose global share stood at 21% and 23% respectively. This is a complete reversal from 2005, when Europe was the top region for chemical R&D investment, followed by the US. Only a decade ago, China accounted for just 7% of the global share. Other countries in Asia such as South Korea and Japan are also major R&D spenders, with a market share of 4% and 14% respectively. With a combined investment of USD 20.6 billion in 2015,, these countries, together with China, accounted for nearly half of all R&D investments in the chemical industry globally.

Meanwhile, the global R&D share values of North America, the US in particular, and Europe continued to decline on a yearly basis. Over the past decade, R&D spending grew by 1% per annum in Europe and 2% per annum in the US

R&D growth in a country is usually driven by several factors, including overall economic growth. Despite its economic slowdown during the past years, China was able to sustain its R&D investments. This is due to a well-documented R&D investment program, which is expected to continue to support China’s dominance in the R&D space. Meanwhile, the US witnessed quite the opposite trend. During 2015-2016, R&D spending declined due to restrictions of federal government spending and a drop in government support to academia.

Investment in research and development in the GCC increased by 20% per annum since 2010, higher than any other region in the world

Though investment is expanding rapidly, the GCC share in global R&D spending remains modest at just 2%, lower than in most developed economies

30.5 33.3 36.1

44.5 46.7 48.7 44.1

2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2014 2015

China 29%

EuropeanUnion (28)23%

USA

21%

Japan

14%

Korea

4%

GCC 2%

Rest of world

7%

2015 world R&D spending in chemical industry, USD 44.1 billion

World R&D spending in chemicals industry, USD billion (2005-2015)

7GCC Chemicals Industry Innovation Indicators 2016 |

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Global R&D investment grew over the past decade but intensity is declining

In absolute terms, corporate spending on chemical research and

development globally grew by 3.7% per annum reaching USD

44.1 billion in 2015. However, in relative terms, R&D intensity has

been on the decline, down from 1.5% in 2005 to 1.1% in 2015.

This dynamics prevailed across major R&D performers.

China is the leading R&D investor in the chemicals industry.

However, its R&D intensity is much lower than the world’s

average. In 2015, Chinese chemical producers invested only

0.8% of their revenues in R&D, compared to a world average

of 1.1% for the same year. Japan, another powerhouse in Asia,

has the highest share of R&D in total sales. And while R&D

intensity is following the global declining trend, the country has

maintained high levels of R&D spending of 4% in 2015.

Chemicals businesses in the EU account for 23% of global R&D

spending, and maintain their budgets at 1.7%-1.8% of total

sales. Most businesses spend their R&D budgets on internal

R&D projects or on contract research performed by other

companies.

While R&D intensity in the US in 2015 was at the same level

as in Europe, the country would spend more on innovation

processes just in the recent past. Figures show that in 2005, the

US was outpacing its European counterparts by more than half

percentage points. While in absolute terms R&D expenditure in

the US is increasing, intensity is falling further behind.

The GCC region has a minor share in global R&D spending

as well as sales revenue. However, with innovation becoming

increasingly important for the region’s competitiveness, R&D

has enjoyed positive growth in both absolute and relative terms.

In 2015, R&D intensity was estimated at 0.9%, up from 0.5%

earlier.

Note: Chemicals (Excluding Pharmaceuticals)

Source: CEFIC and GPCA, 2017

4.4%

2.3%

1.7% 1.3% 1.5%

0.5%

0.9%

4.0%

1.8% 1.8%

1.3% 1.1% 0.9% 0.8%

Japan USA EU28 Korea World GCC China

R&D intesity (share of R&D investment in sales)2005 and 2015

2005 2015

8 | GCC Chemicals Industry Innovation Indicators 2016

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GROWTH PATTERN OF CHEMICAL PATENTS IN GCC

Page 10: GCC CHEMICALS INDUSTRY INNOVATION INDICATORS 2016 · 2018-03-03 · Future Outlook 28 CC C 2016 3. INTRODUCTION. Key highlights from GCC chemical R&D investment in 2015 GCC petrochemical

GCC petrochemical producers boost R&D spending

R&D investment in the region nearly tripled over the past five

years, with R&D intensity now on a par with that of China.

Between 2010 and 2015, GCC chemical R&D spending grew

by a compound annual growth rate of 20%, reaching USD 729

million in 2015. In comparison, over the same period, global

R&D grew at a pace of 3% per annum. In 2015, GCC chemical

producers spent about 0.9% of their revenues on research and

development, significantly improving their ability to innovate. Total

R&D spending grew at a record level of 38% year on year. The

more GCC moves towards developing the specialty chemicals

segment, the higher the demand for sophisticated products and

advanced materials will be.

Despite this rapid increase in R&D spending, pure commodity

business is still very profitable in the GCC, making volume

expansions more attractive than developing innovative products.

However, with the region’s feedstock advantage continuing to

decrease, developing innovative products will become critical for

long-term profitability.

Contrary to the global trend, R&D investment by GCC petrochemical producers jumped 38% year on year, reaching USD 729 million in 2015. The majority of R&D investments were made by chemical companies in Saudi Arabia

According to the 2016 global innovation index, GCC countries

scored within the upper middle range globally. The UAE enjoys

the top spot with an overall innovation rank of 41, closely

followed by Saudi Arabia, at 49, and Qatar at 50. Oman ranks

the lowest within the GCC. Interestingly, the UAE owes its

position as a frontrunner to investments in the general business,

political and regulatory environment, as well as in education and

ICT infrastructure.

Looking at Western Asia and the North African region, two of

six GCC economies, UAE and Saudi Arabia, are among the top

five countries with the highest spending in R&D. Despite these

key achievements, and compared to their level of development,

resource-rich countries in the GCC are uniquely positioned to

do better still. Overall, Arabian Gulf states demonstrate relative

shortcomings in important areas, such as institutions, market

and business sophistication. But many of these states have been

diversifying towards innovation-rich sectors. Such diversification

offers GCC countries the potential to increase their ranking

further on a global and regional scale.

10 | GCC Chemicals Industry Innovation Indicators 2016

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Source: GPCA, 2017

Source: The global innovation index, 2016

25 43 41

51

78 63 75 54 58

67 56

86 41 49 50

57

67 73

UAE Saudi Arabia Qatar Bahrain Kuwait Oman

GCC innovation index 2016

Innovation Input Innovation Output 2016 Global Rank

289 292 380 368

529

729 0.5%

0.4% 0.5% 0.4%

0.6%

0.9%

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

GCC R&D spending in chemicals industry (USD million and percentage of total sales)

GCC R&D Investment R&D Intensity

11GCC Chemicals Industry Innovation Indicators 2016 |

Page 12: GCC CHEMICALS INDUSTRY INNOVATION INDICATORS 2016 · 2018-03-03 · Future Outlook 28 CC C 2016 3. INTRODUCTION. Key highlights from GCC chemical R&D investment in 2015 GCC petrochemical

GCC chemical patent filings grew strongly over the past decade, outpacing growth in other countries in the world

Over the past decade, most countries in the world recorded

growth in patent filings in the field of chemistry over the past

decade. Around 443,000 chemistry patent applications were

filed worldwide in 2015, growing by 1.1% per annum over the

last 10 years. The majority of these filings came from China

which accounted for 28.7% of the world’s total. This number

corresponds to a 29% of the country’s share in global R&D

spending for the same year. The next largest contributor was the

EU which filed 24.4% of chemistry patents in 2015. Similarly to

China, its patent applications share came close to that of its R&D

spending of 23% for the same year. While 70% of all chemistry

patent filings originated from China, EU and US, it was only

China which registered a strong growth over the past decade.

China’s growth of 15.4% per annum outpaced the decline of

1.8% and 2.5% respectively in the EU and US.

GCC states filed 877 chemistry patents in 2015, which

represents 0.2% of the world’s total. While the GCC global

share remains low, the filings are consistently growing and

have achieved the highest growth rate over the 2005-2015

period. The region’s growth of CAGR 23.3% per annum was

considerably higher than the global growth of 1.1%, outpacing

other major regions in the world.

Around 78% of patent filings by GCC applicants are made

abroad. In contrast, overseas filings by the US and Japan

constitute around 45% of total number of filings and only 4%

in the case of China. This trend of filing patents from abroad

reflects the globalization of IP protection and a desire to

commercialize technology in foreign markets.

12 | GCC Chemicals Industry Innovation Indicators 2016

Page 13: GCC CHEMICALS INDUSTRY INNOVATION INDICATORS 2016 · 2018-03-03 · Future Outlook 28 CC C 2016 3. INTRODUCTION. Key highlights from GCC chemical R&D investment in 2015 GCC petrochemical

Source: WIPO, 2017

Note: Patent origin is based

on applicant named in

first position in the patent

application.

Source: WIPO, 2017

Note: Patent origin is based on applicant named in first position in the patent application.

China

28.7%

EU

24.4% USA

18.3%

Japan

14.9%

Korea

6.6%

GCC 0.2% Others

6.8%

2015 Global chemistry patent filingsTotal 443,141

-2.5

-2.0

-1.8

1.1

3.7

15.4

23.3

USA

Japan

EU

World

Korea

China

GCC

Growth in chemistry patent filings CAGR (2005-2015)

108 240

298 351 476

648

936 877

84 126 136 175 303 252

315

2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015

GCC chemicals patents granted and applications filed (2005-2015)

Number of patent applications filed in GCC

Number of patents granted to GCC applicants

GCC Patent Applications CAGR (2005 - 2015)

23% GCC Patent Grants CAGR (2005 - 2015)

22%

13GCC Chemicals Industry Innovation Indicators 2016 |

Page 14: GCC CHEMICALS INDUSTRY INNOVATION INDICATORS 2016 · 2018-03-03 · Future Outlook 28 CC C 2016 3. INTRODUCTION. Key highlights from GCC chemical R&D investment in 2015 GCC petrochemical

Saudi Arabia accounts for 90% of GCC patent applications in the field of chemistry

In 2015 alone, the number of patents granted to GCC chemical companies, increased by 25% year on year

Chemistry applications in the GCC are mainly driven by Saudi

Arabia, the largest applicant in the region and top R&D investor

in the field of chemistry. Given that the country accounts for

65% of total chemicals production capacity, its patent filings

activity by far exceeded that of neighboring GCC states. While

other countries continued to increase their patent filings, Saudi

Arabia outpaced any other country’s growth, raising its share

in the region from 77% in 2005 to 91% in 2015. Almost one

third of incremental chemistry patent filings by Saudi Arabia

since 2005 were made within the field of polymers. With Saudi

Saudi Arabia, Bahrain and the UAE enjoy the highest growth rate of chemistry patent applications globally

Arabia’s polymers industry experiencing a dramatic growth over

the past decade, polymers patent filings grew by 37.7% per

annum, making it the fastest growing field for chemical patent

applications.

On average, about 77% of all patent filings by Saudi Arabia are

made abroad, which reflects the kingdom’s drive to protect its

IP rights in international markets. As long as the GCC chemical

industry continues to be export oriented, overseas patent filings

will dominate the scene.

Source: WIPO, 2017, Note: Patent origin is based on applicant named in first position in the patent application.

Over the past decade GCC chemicals patent applications grew by 23.3% per annum, higher than the 1.1% growth globally

83 224 267 295

578 867 797

25 16 31

56

70

69 80

108 240

298 351

648

936 877

2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2014 2015

Saudi Arabia Rest of the GCC

12.3

23.3

25.4

16.0

-6.0

-8.0

Rest of the GCC

GCC

Saudi Arabia

2015 Growth CAGR (2005 - 2015)

Chemistry patent applications(GCC and Saudi Arabia)

Chemistry patent applications growth

14 | GCC Chemicals Industry Innovation Indicators 2016

Page 15: GCC CHEMICALS INDUSTRY INNOVATION INDICATORS 2016 · 2018-03-03 · Future Outlook 28 CC C 2016 3. INTRODUCTION. Key highlights from GCC chemical R&D investment in 2015 GCC petrochemical

Over the past decade, the number of chemical patents in force in the GCC increased from 270 in 2005 to nearly 1,900 in 2015

Nearly 90% of all GCC chemicals patents in force are held by Saudi Arabia

At 24%, chemical engineering is the most frequently featured technology field, followed by organic chemistry at 21%

Patent rights last up to 20 years in general, and as of 2015, the

estimated number of GCC chemistry patents in force exceeded

5,000. The chemical industry in the region has started a massive

push to raise R&D spending, train more scientists and file more

patents. As a result, chemistry accounted for about 45% of

total number of patents in force in the region. The current drive

to build a patent portfolio by the regional chemical industry is

directed to gain advantage in making additional innovations

based on existing IP and possibly trade their patents to get

access to other innovations.

Analyzing the technology share within the chemistry patents

portfolio, pharmaceuticals is a main focus globally and in many

individual countries. At the same time, in the GCC, pharma

patents make up only a minor portion. In 2015, pharmaceuticals

GCC polymers patents in force represent 18% of total number of patents in the region which is more than double the global average

accounted for 17% of chemistry patents in force globally

and only 4% in the GCC. In China and the US, the focus on

pharmaceuticals is even more pronounced with 16% and 20%

respectively.

At 21%, organic fine chemistry, or specialty chemicals, take

the lion share of GCC chemistry patents currently in force.

This is significantly higher than the global average of 14%. Like

pharmaceuticals and biotechnology, specialty chemicals rely

on scientific research, and spend a significant amount on R&D.

Therefore, IP protection requirements are more likely to be

needed. High share of specialty chemicals patents in the GCC

means that scientific innovation was taking place and intellectual

property protection was initiated to ensure that innovators

receive profits generated by their discoveries.

15GCC Chemicals Industry Innovation Indicators 2016 |

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Source: WIPO, 2017

Chemical engineering

24%

Basic materials chemistry

14%

Environmentaltechnology

8%

Materials, metallurgy

8%

Pharmaceuticals

3%

Others

2%

GCC chemistry patents in force by technology total: 1,896 in 2015

Organic �ne chemistry

21% Polymers

18%

Surface technology

2%

24% 21%

18% 14%

8% 8% 4% 3%

10% 14%

8% 12%

6%

9%

17% 15%

Chemical engineering

Organic fine chemistry

Polymers Basic materials chemistry

Environmental technology

Materials, metallurgy

Pharmaceuticals Others

GCC World

Chemistry patents in force by technology share in total patents in force in 2015

16 | GCC Chemicals Industry Innovation Indicators 2016

Page 17: GCC CHEMICALS INDUSTRY INNOVATION INDICATORS 2016 · 2018-03-03 · Future Outlook 28 CC C 2016 3. INTRODUCTION. Key highlights from GCC chemical R&D investment in 2015 GCC petrochemical

KEY SCIENTIFIC INDICATORS: CHEMISTRY PUBLICATIONS

Page 18: GCC CHEMICALS INDUSTRY INNOVATION INDICATORS 2016 · 2018-03-03 · Future Outlook 28 CC C 2016 3. INTRODUCTION. Key highlights from GCC chemical R&D investment in 2015 GCC petrochemical

The number of chemistry publications increased tenfold over the last decade, reaching more than 3,000 in 2015, with Saudi Arabia leading the way

Chemistry publications in Saudi Arabia grew by 28% per annum reaching 2,478 in 2015

In 2015 alone, Saudi Arabia published 9% more chemistry publications compared to other GCC states

Scientific output in the region has increased steadily, with the

number of chemistry papers published by GCC scientists

growing at an average rate of 23.5% per annum between 2005

and 2015. Saudi Arabia was the main driver behind this growth,

where investment in science resulted in the growth of chemistry

publications surpassing all other countries in the GCC. In

2015, Saudi scientists published 2,478 chemistry publications,

The rest of the GCC published 618 chemistry publications in 2015 which is a quarter of that published by Saudi Arabia

representing 80% of the GCC total. While universities like King

Abdulaziz City of Science and Technology (KAUST) have the

largest share of research funding in the kingdom, the private

sector has been increasing the funding of their R&D programs as

well. From the kingdom’s energy industry, companies like Saudi

Aramco and SABIC have been particularly active in this field.

Source: Thomson Reuters, 2017

Saudi Arabia, 204

Saudi Arabia, 2478

Rest of the GCC, 618 GCC, 374

GCC, 3096

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

Saudi Arabia Rest of the GCC GCC

Publications in the fields of chemistry Saudi Arabia and the GCC

14

24

28

20

11

9

Rest of the GCC

GCC

Saudi Arabia

2015 Growth CAGR (2005 - 2015)

Growth in chemistry publications Saudi Arabia

and the GCC (%)

18 | GCC Chemicals Industry Innovation Indicators 2016

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After Saudi Arabia, Qatar and the UAE are the largest regional source of chemistry publications

In 2015, Qatar and the UAE accounted for 8% and 7% respectively of all GCC publications in the field of chemistry

Both countries have seen phenomenal growth in the volume of chemistry publications over the past decade

Over the past few years, Qatar and the UAE have invested

heavily in higher education. Both countries host campuses of

leading foreign institutions. But while having a modern, well-

developed and sophisticated education system can act as a

boost to R&D and the number of new publications and scientific

papers, more needs to be done to advance chemical research

and development. In 2015, Qatar and the UAE each published

In 2015 alone, Qatar registered a growth of 32%, while UAE grew by 20%

Source: Thomson Reuters, 2017

slightly over 200 chemistry publications, which accounted for

8% and 7% respectively of the region’s total. While the current

level is still low, it is similar to the level of chemistry patents

filed in these countries. Qatar accounted for 0.5% of the GCC

chemistry patent applications, while UAE accounted for 6%.

Moving forward, abundant funding opportunities will continue to

stimulate activity in the R&D field.

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

QATAR UAE OMAN KUWAIT

Qatar, 234

Qatar, 29

UAE, 221

UAE, 51

Oman, 100

Oman, 21

Kuwait, 52

Kuwait, 66

Publications in the filed of chemistry (Qatar, UAE, Oman and Kuwait)

-17

20

19

32

11

9

-2

16

17

23

24

28

Kuwait

UAE

Oman

Qatar

GCC

Saudi Arabia

Growth in chemistry publications GCC countries

CAGR (2005 - 2015) 2015 Growth

19GCC Chemicals Industry Innovation Indicators 2016 |

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11%

4%

10%

6%

18%

6%

10%

2%

15% 12%

9% 9% 6%

5% 4%

Saudi Arabia GCC Oman Qatar UAE Kuwait Bahrain

Percentage share of chemistry publications in total number of GCC publications and CAGR (2005-2015)

2005 2015

2%

3%

2%

-9%

-5% 0%

Share of chemistry publications in the GCC is steadily increasing, accounting for 12% of all scientific publications in 2015

Increasing share of chemistry in total scientific publications from 10% in 2005 to 12% in 2015 reflects field’s growing priority

Qatar and Kuwait were the only countries in the GCC that registered a declining trend over the past decade

Source: Thomson Reuters, 2017

2%9%

5%

20 | GCC Chemicals Industry Innovation Indicators 2016

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GCC publications by the field(share in cumulative total between 2008-2014)

48%

44%

35%

42%

36%

37%

37%

18%

22%

18%

21%

18%

27%

20%

4%

9%

9%

8%

19%

9%

15%

6%

7%

13%

3%

6%

7%

6%

2%

6%

5%

4%

9%

4%

8%

2%

5%

3%

5%

4%

6%

4%

16%

5%

11%

13%

5%

7%

6%

4%

3%

6%

4%

4%

3%

4%

Bahrain

Kuwait

Oman

Qatar

Saudi Arabia

UAE

GCC

Life Sciences Engineering Chemistry Geosciences Methamatics Computer Physics Others

Life sciences is the dominant field of publications among the GCC countries. On average, about one quarter of all publications are specialized in this field

The highest share of chemistry publications is in Saudi Arabia where it accounted for 19% of cumulative totals between 2008-2014

Among other GCC states, chemistry specialization in publications stood at an average of 15% of cumulative totals between 2008-2014

Source: Thomson Reuters, 2017

Most GCC publications are in the field of life sciences, followed by engineering and chemistry

Life sciences account for the highest number of scientific

publications in the GCC at 37%, followed by engineering, at

20%, and chemistry at 15%. There were 9,264 of chemistry

publications between 2008-2014, which accounted for 15%

of the region’s total. Chemistry’s share in the total number of

publications was the highest in Saudi Arabia, where it accounted

for 19% of cumulative total between 2008-2014, and the lowest

in Bahrain with just 4%.

In terms of relative specialization of GCC countries in scientific

disciplines, a relatively common trend could be identified. The

traditionally dominant field is life sciences which represent a

top priority for GCC states. The share of life sciences in all

publications ranges from 35% to 48%, and though it is classified

as a separate field, publications related to pharmaceuticals also

fall under this classification.

21GCC Chemicals Industry Innovation Indicators 2016 |

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In 2015, GCC published around 550 scientific publications per million people, with Qatar having the greatest publication intensity

Scientific publications intensity in the GCC has quadrupled since 2008

The number of scientific publications per million people in Qatar reached 1,612, making it the top country in the region for this indicator

Publication intensity in Qatar is similar to that in Canada and some European countries where intensity ranges at around 1,500-1,600 publications per million people

The number of published scientific articles per million people

has mirrored changes in R&D spending and growth of scientific

publications. Since 2008, the number of publications per million

population has improved significantly. The range extends from

the highest in Qatar with 1,612 publications per million people, to

Bahrain with just 198. Over the past years, Qatar has made the

greatest progress in terms of publication intensity and in 2015

had the highest rank than any other GCC country. Its levels are

similar to those in Canada and some European countries where

intensity ranges at around 1,500-1,600 publications per million

people. Growth has also been driven by Saudi Arabia, which

posted an average annual increase of 34% between

2008-2015.

Source: Thomson Reuters, 2017

160 135 72 105 244 126 102

1,612

556 546 450

267 264 198

Qatar GCC Saudi Arabia UAE Kuwait Oman Bahrain

2008 2015

Publications intesity in 2015(publications per million people)

GCC average 556

22 | GCC Chemicals Industry Innovation Indicators 2016

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KEY SCIENTIFIC INDICATORS: PUBLICATIONS IMPACT

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On a GCC level, the average number of citations per article has increased steadily since 2005, with Qatar achieving the highest publications impact, followed by Oman

Qatar and Saudi Arabia have achieved the highest publications impact, with average citation growth rate

With regards to the number of citations, Oman is one of the top countries in the GCC, but scores very low when it comes to chemistry publications count

In 2015, Oman published only 100 chemistry publications which represented 3% of the GCC total

Scientific research in Qatar and Oman is relatively strong with

publications outperforming other GCC countries in terms of

average citation rate. While their chemistry publications output

remains modest accounting for 8% and 3% respectively of the

region’s total, they have been cited more often. The top publisher

in the region, Saudi Arabia, produced 80% of all chemistry

publications in the region. However, publications’ citation rate

falls far behind the GCC average. This illustrates the imbalance in

scientific research outcomes and productivity, where one country

is responsible for the majority of chemistry publications, and two

others receive the majority of citations.

Note: Citation impact (citations per paper) normalized for subject, year and document type.

Citation analysis involves counting the number of times an article is cited by other works.

0.62 0.54

0.94

0.54 0.65

0.50 0.53

1.58 1.56 1.48 1.37

1.19 1.18

0.78

GCC Qatar Oman Saudi Arabia UAE Bahrain Kuwait

2005 2015

Average citation rate for publications (2005-2015)

Source: Thomson Reuters, 2017

11%10%

24 | GCC Chemicals Industry Innovation Indicators 2016

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GCC still has some way to go to improve the impact of its scientific production, with the exception of Qatar which trails behind OECD average

Average citation rate for Qatar scientific publications is 1.00 per paper, which is only slightly lower than the OECD average of 1.08

At the same time, Qatar’s chemistry publications count is still low and represents 5% of all papers published by the GCC between 2005-2015

Impact of Saudi Arabia’s scientific production is high in both citation rate as well as publications count. On average, each Saudi publication received 0.92 citation during 2005-2015

Note: Citation impact (citations per paper) normalized for subject, year and document type.

Citation analysis involves counting the number of times an article is cited by other works.

Source: Thomson Reuters, 2017

1.00 0.92 0.88 0.87 0.85

0.75 0.62

Qatar Saudi Arabia UAE GCC Oman Kuwait Bahrain

OECD Average 1.08

Average citation rate for publications(2005-2015)

25GCC Chemicals Industry Innovation Indicators 2016 |

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KEY SCIENTIFIC INDICATORS: UNIVERSITY GRADUATES

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There is continues growth of university graduates in the GCC, with sciences graduates representing 7% of the total. More graduates means a bigger research base

Recent figures illustrate that the

number of university graduates in

the GCC grew by CAGR of 8% per annum between 2006

and 2015, reaching 253,000

The number of science

graduates including chemistry

graduates almost doubled since

2006, reaching 17,000 which

accounts for 7% of the GCC

total

92% of GCC science

graduates came from Saudi Arabia, representing the

country’s dominant position in

the region

The GCC countries recognize the importance of education

and skills, and are investing heavily in schools, colleges and

universities. Saudi Arabia’s investment in developing its human

capital has doubled in the past five years, and currently accounts

for around a quarter of total government spending, one of the

highest levels in the world. The number of institutions in the

region has increased, enrollment across all levels has risen, and

quality and standards have improved due to factors such as

increased private sector participation, review and regulation,

and development of infrastructure. Between 2006-2015, the

number of higher university graduates in the region increased

by 19% per annum. Only 7% of GCC graduates chose science

as their preferred field of studies, compared to 10% who opted

for engineering. When it comes to the number of students per

country, Saudi Arabia dominates the region, accounting for 92%

of all science graduates in the GCC.

Source: UNESCO Institute for Statistics, 2017

127 137 150 164 161 169 189 204 217

253

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

GCC university graduates (thousands)

CAGR (2006 - 2015)

8%

27GCC Chemicals Industry Innovation Indicators 2016 |

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FUTURE OUTLOOKOver three quarters of GPCA member companies see innovation as top priority in next ten years

Top managers of Middle East petrochemical and chemical

companies rank an innovation strategy as “by far the most

important instrument for strengthening innovation”. In GPCA’s

2015 Innovation Survey, over three quarters of participating

CEOs stated that innovation will be among the top priorities for

their companies in the next ten years.

For nearly all companies, innovation is seen as necessary and

instrumental to driving business growth across all relevant

aspects such as staying competitive, growing the business

through developing superior products and services, and creating

new business opportunities by addressing new markets or

applications. Should R&D intensity continue to grow at its current

levels, by 2020, R&D investment in the GCC chemical industry

could double to more than USD 1.5 billion.

In addition, GCC countries have established a vision of

transforming into more diversified economies, with research

and development, technology and innovation all having to play

a key role. An important part of this vision has been attracting

and supporting SMEs which focus on R&D and innovation in the

various industrial sectors.

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Page 30: GCC CHEMICALS INDUSTRY INNOVATION INDICATORS 2016 · 2018-03-03 · Future Outlook 28 CC C 2016 3. INTRODUCTION. Key highlights from GCC chemical R&D investment in 2015 GCC petrochemical

The Gulf Petrochemicals and Chemicals Association (GPCA) represents the downstream hydrocarbon industry in the Arabian Gulf. Established in 2006, the association voices the common interests of more than 250 member companies from the chemical and allied industries, accounting for over 95% of chemical output in the Gulf region. The industry makes up the second largest manufacturing sector in the region, producing over USD 108 billion worth of products a year.

The association supports the region’s petrochemical and chemical industry through advocacy, networking and thought leadership initiatives that help member companies to connect, to share and advance knowledge, to contribute to international dialogue, and to become prime influencers in shaping the future of the global petrochemicals industry.

Committed to providing a regional platform for stakeholders from across the industry, the GPCA manages six working committees - Plastics, Supply Chain, Fertilizers, International Trade, Research and Innovation, and Responsible Care - and organizes five world-class events each year. The association also publishes an annual report, regular newsletters and reports.

For more information, please visit www.gpca.org.ae

Gulf Petrochemicals & Chemicals Association (GPCA) PO Box 123055 1601, 1602Vision Tower, Business BayDubai, United Arab Emirates T +971 4 451 0666F +971 4 451 0777Email: [email protected]


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