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Introduction to GMT(Generic Mapping Tools)
Lab 9
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What is GMT?
A mapping tool commonly used by geophysicists formanipulating and visualizing data
Free!Has a steep learning curve, but worth the climb Available from http://gmt.soest.hawaii.eduin a number of flavorsThere are other programs that will do the same sort of thing,but none have the same flexibility
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GMT Example Maps
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pscoast -JA0/20/2.5i -R0/360/-90/90 -Bg30/g15:.Global Map:
-Dl -G187/142/46 -S109/202/255 -N1 -P > simple_globe.ps
Map projection Map re
gionBasemap info (boundaries, grids spacing, title)
Data
resolution Land colorWater color
National
Boundaries Portrait layout Map file
name
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pscoast -JA0/20/2.5i -R0/360/-90/90 -Bg30/g15:.Global Map:
-Dl -G187/142/46 -S109/202/255 -N1 -P > simple_globe.ps
Map projection Map re
gionBasemap info (boundaries, grids spacing, title)
Data
resolution Land colorWater color
Portrait layout Map file
name
-JA0/20/2.5i
Center Longitude = 0
Center Latitude = 20
Width = 2.5 (or 5) inches
Lambert Azimuthal projection
National
Boundaries
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pscoast -JA0/20/2.5i -R0/360/-90/90 -Bg30/g15:.Global Map:
-Dl -G187/142/46 -S109/202/255 -N1 -P > simple_globe.ps
Map projection Map regionBasemap info (boundaries, grids spacing, title)
Data
resolution Land colorWater color
Portrait layout Map file
name
Max. Longitude
Min. latitudeMax. latitude
Min. Longitude
-R0/360/-90/90
National
Boundaries
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pscoast -JA0/20/2.5i -R0/360/-90/90 -Bg30/g15:.Global Map:
-Dl -G187/142/46 -S109/202/255 -N1 -P > simple_globe.ps
Map projection Map regionBasemap info (boundaries, grids spacing, title)
Data
resolution Land colorWater color
Portrait layout Map file
name
grid spacing (latitude)
Map titlegrid spacing (longitude)
-Bg30/g15:.Global Map:
National
Boundaries
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pscoast -JA0/20/2.5i -R0/360/-90/90 -Bg30/g15:.Global Map:
-Dl -G187/142/46 -S109/202/255 -N1 -P > simple_globe.ps
Map projection Map regionBasemap info (boundaries, grids spacing, title)
Data
resolution Land colorWater color
Portrait layout Map filename
l = low resolution data
-Dl
National
Boundaries
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pscoast -JA0/20/2.5i -R0/360/-90/90 -Bg30/g15:.Global Map:
-Dl -G187/142/46 -S109/202/255 -N1 -P > simple_globe.ps
Map projection Map regionBasemap info (boundaries, grids spacing, title)
Data
resolution Land colorWater color
Portrait layout Map filename
Green
BlueRed
-G187/142/46
National
Boundaries
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RGB Colors
Range from 0 (little) - 255 (lot)
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pscoast -JA0/20/2.5i -R0/360/-90/90 -Bg30/g15:.Global Map:
-Dl -G187/142/46 -S109/202/255 -N1 -P > simple_globe.ps
Map projection Map regionBasemap info (boundaries, grids spacing, title)
Data
resolution Land colorWater color
National
Boundaries Portrait layout Map filename
Green
BlueRed
-S109/202/255
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pscoast -JA0/20/2.5i -R0/360/-90/90 -Bg30/g15:.Global Map:
-Dl -G187/142/46 -S109/202/255 -N1 -P > simple_globe.ps
Map projection Map regionBasemap info (boundaries, grids spacing, title)
Data
resolution Land colorWater color
National
Boundaries Portrait layout Map filename
1 = national boundaries
-N1 1 = National boundaries2 = State boundaries within the Americas
3 = Marine boundariesa = All boundaries (1-3)
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pscoast -JA0/20/2.5i -R0/360/-90/90 -Bg30/g15:.Global Map:
-Dl -G187/142/46 -S109/202/255 -N1 -P > simple_globe.ps
Map projection Map regionBasemap info (boundaries, grids spacing, title)
Data
resolution Land colorWater color
National
Boundaries Portrait layout Map filename
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Lab 9 Part 1: Annotated Map
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pscoast -Jb-154/50/55/65/1:21000000 -R172/230/51/72
-B10g5/5g5 -W1p/0/0/0 -P -Ia/2p/0/192/255 -G220/220/220
-S0/192/255 -L210/54/54/1000 -N1/1p/0/0/0 > alaska_map.ps
Map projectionMap region
Basemap
Water color LandcolorNationalBoundaries
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pscoast -Jb-154/50/55/65/1:21000000 -R172/230/51/72
-B10g5/5g5 -W1p/0/0/0 -P -Ia/2p/0/192/255 -G220/220/220
-S0/192/255 -L210/54/54/1000 -N1/1p/0/0/0 > alaska_map.ps
Draw coastlines
-W1p/0/0/0
Pen width = 1point
RGB color (black)
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pscoast -Jb-154/50/55/65/1:21000000 -R172/230/51/72
-B10g5/5g5 -W1p/0/0/0 -P -Ia/2p/0/192/255 -G220/220/220
-S0/192/255 -L210/54/54/1000 -N1/1p/0/0/0 > alaska_map.ps
Draw rivers
-Ia/2p/0/192/255
RGB color (blue)
Pen width = 1point
draw all rivers
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pscoast -Jb-154/50/55/65/1:21000000 -R172/230/51/72
-B10g5/5g5 -W1p/0/0/0 -P -Ia/2p/0/192/255 -G220/220/220
-S0/192/255 -L210/54/54/1000 -N1/1p/0/0/0 > alaska_map.ps
Draw a map scale
-L210/54/54/1000
Calculation
(lat.) location
Origin lat.Origin long.
Scale Bar (-L)
A scale bar can easily be added to the map using the -L
switch. To create the scale bar we need the latitude andlongitude of the point where we want to place it. Since
scale varies as we move further from the equator, we
also specify the latitude at which we want the scale
calculated. Lastly we indicate the length the scale bar
should span. The default is kilometers but you canappend m for miles or n for nautical miles. Putting it all
together we have -L210/54/54/1000 which gives a
1,000 km scale bar calculated at 54 degrees northlatitude and originating at 210 degrees longitude and 54
degrees latitude.
Length
(km)