Geography 12 Resource Exam B Data Page 1

51°1

5’N

9899 919293949597 96

116°

30’W

4847

4950

5152

5354

5556

5758

Met

res

1000

M

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ke

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LB

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CA

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Data Page 2 Geography 12 Resource Exam B

Mount Pinatubo 1991 EruptionThe Mountain that Woke the World

CASE STUDY Timeline of Major Events

1992July 16, 1990

7.8 earthquake

April 1991

Magma begins to rise in Mount Pinatubo.

June 12, 1991

Philippine Independence Day, interrupted by

first eruption.

June 15, 1991

Pinatubo explodes with an ash cloud rising

35 km into the air.

Ashbelt encirclesthe globe in the

following months.The arrival of

Typhoon Yunya.

June 17, 1991

Mount Pinatubo explodes in the second largest eruption of the twentieth century.

Mid-day one week after the eruption.

Mudflow and lahars covered many homes.

Ash and heavy rains associated with Typhoon Yunya caused havoc in urban areas.

Cou

rtes

y of

U.S

. Geo

logi

cal S

urve

y

Cou

rtes

y of

U.S

. Geo

logi

cal S

urve

yC

ourt

esy

of U

.S. G

eolo

gica

l Sur

vey

Pho

to b

y Its

uo In

ouye

cou

rtes

y of

w

ww

.dai

lylif

e.co

m

6.0 °C

14.5°N, 121°EElevation: 14 m

J F M A M J J A S O N D–30

–20

–10

0

10

20

30

40

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

°C mm

Manila, Philippines

Average annual precipitation: 2026 mmMean temperature: 27 °C

Pinatubo eruption kills

800 people and over a

million animals. Tens of

thousands left displaced.

Manila News

U.S. Air Base and

Naval Base help evacuate

thousands; bases

abandoned due to

immense destruction.

Manila News

LAOAG

VIGAN

Alabat I.

Marinduque

SOUTHCHINASEA

PHILIPPINESEA

SUBIC BAY

MANILA BAY

TUGUEGARAO

MANILA

LEGAZPIMindoro

120°E

15°N

Cagayan

Agno

Pam

pang

aC

OR

DIL

LER

A C

ENTR

AL

ZAMBALES MTS.

MT. BANAHAW+2177

MT. HALCON+2585

MT. MAYON+2421

MT. TAAL+100

MT. PINATUBO+1660 S

IE

RR

A M

AD

REMT. PULOG

+2842

PH

ILIP

PIN

E P

LA

TE

Luzon

EU

RA

SIA

N P

LATE

BAGUIO

0 100 200 300 400 km

0 45.7 91.4 182.9 365.8 548.6 914.4 1371.6 1828.8 2286.0 m

0°

Philippines

Legend

volcanic mountainplate movementhospitalmanufacturing (furniture, clothes)rice paddiessugar plantationsforestry and reforestation areasfishing (open water and inland ponds)air basenaval basecitypyroclastic flowslahars/mudflow

M

S

TarlacCabanatuan

San Fernando

Manila

MOUNTPINATUBO

AngelesCity

BasaAir Base

Olongapo

SUBIC BAYNAVAL STATION (US)

CLARKAIR BASE (US)

CUBI POINTNAVAL AIR STATION (US)

MANILA BAY

SU

BIC

BAY

SOUTH CHINA SEA

Pam

pang

a R

iver

Mar

ella

Riv

er

O’D

on

nell R

iver

Sacob

ia-Bamban River

Pasig-Potrero River

Pam

pang

a Ri

ver

0 10 KM

Philippines

MOUNT PINATUBO

ManilaP

M

Extent ofash cloudfrom the June 15, 1991 eruption

M

M

M M

M

S

S

S SS

S

SS

MOUNTNATIB

MARIVELESMOUNTAIN

GDP

35 000

30 000

25 000

20 000

15 000

10 000

5 000

0

Do

llars

$(C

DN

)

Philippines

1 650

Canada

32 000

Population Density

300

250

200

150

100

50

0

Peo

ple

(p

er k

m2 )

Philippines

276

Canada

3.2

Geography 12 Resource Exam B Data Page 3

Mount Pinatubo 1991 EruptionThe Mountain that Woke the World

CASE STUDY Timeline of Major Events

1992July 16, 1990

7.8 earthquake

April 1991

Magma begins to rise in Mount Pinatubo.

June 12, 1991

Philippine Independence Day, interrupted by

first eruption.

June 15, 1991

Pinatubo explodes with an ash cloud rising

35 km into the air.

Ashbelt encirclesthe globe in the

following months.The arrival of

Typhoon Yunya.

June 17, 1991

Mount Pinatubo explodes in the second largest eruption of the twentieth century.

Mid-day one week after the eruption.

Mudflow and lahars covered many homes.

Ash and heavy rains associated with Typhoon Yunya caused havoc in urban areas.

Cou

rtes

y of

U.S

. Geo

logi

cal S

urve

y

Cou

rtes

y of

U.S

. Geo

logi

cal S

urve

yC

ourt

esy

of U

.S. G

eolo

gica

l Sur

vey

Pho

to b

y Its

uo In

ouye

cou

rtes

y of

w

ww

.dai

lylif

e.co

m

6.0 °C

14.5°N, 121°EElevation: 14 m

J F M A M J J A S O N D–30

–20

–10

0

10

20

30

40

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

°C mm

Manila, Philippines

Average annual precipitation: 2026 mmMean temperature: 27 °C

Pinatubo eruption kills

800 people and over a

million animals. Tens of

thousands left displaced.

Manila News

U.S. Air Base and

Naval Base help evacuate

thousands; bases

abandoned due to

immense destruction.

Manila News

LAOAG

VIGAN

Alabat I.

Marinduque

SOUTHCHINASEA

PHILIPPINESEA

SUBIC BAY

MANILA BAY

TUGUEGARAO

MANILA

LEGAZPIMindoro

120°E

15°N

Cagayan

Agno

Pam

pang

aC

OR

DIL

LER

A C

ENTR

AL

ZAMBALES MTS.

MT. BANAHAW+2177

MT. HALCON+2585

MT. MAYON+2421

MT. TAAL+100

MT. PINATUBO+1660 S

IE

RR

A M

AD

REMT. PULOG

+2842

PH

ILIP

PIN

E P

LA

TE

Luzon

EU

RA

SIA

N P

LATE

BAGUIO

0 100 200 300 400 km

0 45.7 91.4 182.9 365.8 548.6 914.4 1371.6 1828.8 2286.0 m

0°

Philippines

Legend

volcanic mountainplate movementhospitalmanufacturing (furniture, clothes)rice paddiessugar plantationsforestry and reforestation areasfishing (open water and inland ponds)air basenaval basecitypyroclastic flowslahars/mudflow

M

S

TarlacCabanatuan

San Fernando

Manila

MOUNTPINATUBO

AngelesCity

BasaAir Base

Olongapo

SUBIC BAYNAVAL STATION (US)

CLARKAIR BASE (US)

CUBI POINTNAVAL AIR STATION (US)

MANILA BAY

SU

BIC

BAY

SOUTH CHINA SEA

Pam

pang

a R

iver

Mar

ella

Riv

er

O’D

on

nell R

iver

Sac

obia-Bamban River

Pasig-Potrero River

Pam

pang

a Ri

ver

0 10 KM

Philippines

MOUNT PINATUBO

ManilaP

M

Extent ofash cloudfrom the June 15, 1991 eruption

M

M

M M

M

S

S

S SS

S

SS

MOUNTNATIB

MARIVELESMOUNTAIN

GDP

35 000

30 000

25 000

20 000

15 000

10 000

5 000

0

Do

llars

$(C

DN

)

Philippines

1 650

Canada

32 000

Population Density

300

250

200

150

100

50

0

Peo

ple

(p

er k

m2 )

Philippines

276

Canada

3.2

Data Page 4 Geography 12 Resource Exam B

AIR PHOTOGRAPH OF LAKE LOUISE, ALBERTA

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17

A

B

C

D

E

F

G

H

I

J

K

L

M

N

O

P

Q

R

S

T

The topographic map is based on information taken from the National Topographic System map sheet number: 82/N8 Edition 7 (Lake Louise, Alberta), ©1996Her Majesty the Queen in Right of Canada, reproduced with permission of Natural Resources Canada.

The Air Photograph is based on information taken from the collection of the National Air Photo Library – Photograph A24739-106 (Lake Louise, Alberta), ©1977 Her Majesty the Queen in Right of Canada, reproduced with permission of Natural Resources Canada.