Dr. Surya Darma
Indonesia Geothermal Association (INAGA)
& Indonesia Renewable Energy Society (METI - IRES)
Argeo C6, Addis Ababa November 2016
“Geothermal Development Program
and Status in Indonesia”
Outline
• Indonesia Energy condition
•Geothermal Energy Status
•National Energy Policy
•National Energy Mix Target
•Development Plan
•Geothermal & RE Road Map and Strategy
Indonesia Energy Condition
Current energy conditions
• Energy supply in Indonesia is still dominated by fossil fuel
• Not all of Indonesians have enjoyed electricity;
electrification ratio is only about 84%
• Due to energy crisis, Indonesia government has to
prioritize fossil based energy compared to renewable,
since fossil based energy takes shorter time for
deployment
• Implications: energy sector will become the major source
of emission after 2020
Diesel 11.7%
Coal 52.8%
Gas 24.2%
Geothermal
4.4%
Hydro 6.5%
Others 0.4%
*) Hanya PLN dan IPP
Persentage of installed capacity
Persentase Pemakaian Listrik
Per-golongan
Persentage of Energy Mix
53.585 MW
Total Installed Capacity:
(PLN: 37.280 MW, IPP: 10.995 MW, PPU: 2.634
MW, IO Non BBM: 2.677 MW)
199 TWh
Power Consumption
84,35%
Electrification Ratio
Power Production*)
228 TWh
Power Condition (March 2015)
Total System Indonesia = 24
System (5 Normal; 14 Emergency; and 5 Deficit)
Note: Normal = Reserve > 20%; Emergency = Reserve < 1
the Biggest Unit ; Deficit = Black out partially
ELECTRICITY CONDITION
5
Geothermal Energy Status
1.493,5 MW New 4 Geothermal PP COD around 215
MW (Ulubelu 55 MW, Sarulla 110 MW,
Lahendong 20 MW, Karaha Bodas 30 MW)
1. Geothermal Power Plant
Installed Capacity
3. Resources : 12,386 MW and Reserves : 16,524 MW
Total Potential : 28,910 MW
2. State Revenue (non-tax)
Rp. 518 billion (82,2% from Rp. 630 billion, target in 2016 )
Rp
7
Current Geothermal Reserves &
Installed Status
Resources 12,386 MW Reserves16,524 MW
Total Potential 28,910 MW
No. WKP, Location Power Plant Developer/
Operator Turbine Unit
Capasity
Total
(MW)
1 Sibayak – Sinabung, SUMUT 1 Sibayak PT. Pertamina Geothermal
Energy
1 x 10 MW;
2 MW monoblok) 12,0
2 Cibeureum – Parabakti, JABAR 2 Salak Chevron Geothermal Salak,
Ltd
3 x 60 MW;
3 x 65,6 MW 377,0
3 Pangalengan, JABAR 3 Wayang Windu
Star Energy Geothermal
Wayang Windu
1 x 110 MW;
1 x 117 MW 227,0
4 Patuha PT Geo Dipa Energi 1 x 55 MW 55,0
4 Kamojang – Darajat, JABAR
5 Kamojang PT. Pertamina Geothermal
Energy
1 x 30 MW;
2 x 55 MW;
1 x 60MW
1 x 35 MW
235,0
6 Darajat Chevron Geothermal
Indonesia, Ltd
1 x 55 MW;
1 x 94 MW;
1 x 121 MW
270,0
5 Dataran Tinggi Dieng, JATENG 7 Dieng PT. Geo Dipa Energi 1 x 60 MW 60,0
6 Lahendong – Tompaso, SULUT 8 Lahendong PT. Pertamina Geothermal
Energy 4 x 20 MW 80,0
7 Waypanas, LAMPUNG 9 Ulubelu PT. Pertamina Geothermal
Energy 3 x 55 MW 165,0
8 Ulumbu, NTT 10 Ulumbu PT. PLN (Persero) 4 x 2,5 MW 10,0
9 Mataloko, NTT 11 Mataloko PT. PLN (Persero) 1 x 2,5 MW 2,5
TOTAL 1.493,5
GEOTHERMAL ISNTALLED CAPACITY
1. Geothermal Investment
2. Renewable Investment
0.018 billion USD
(18% of target 0.1 billion USD)
3. Bioenergy Investment
0.298 billion USD
(94.7% of target 0.31 billion USD)
0.56 billion USD
(58.3% of target 0.96 billion USD)
1st semester 2016 : 0,87 billion USD
2016 target : 1,37 billion USD
9
INVESTMENT
National Energy Policy
11
Paragraph (2) of article 11 Government Regulation Number 79 Year 2014 concerning National Energy Policy (KEN)
1. Maximize renewable energy utilization;
2. Optimize gas and new energy utilization;
3. Minimize oil utilization.
4. Utilization of coal as the main national energy supply;
5. Utilization of Nuclear Power Plant as the last option.
National Energy Policy
Principles
National Energy Mix Target
46%
26%
23%
5%
2015 166 MTOE
23
%
25
%
30
%
22
%
2025 412 MTOE
31
%
20
%
25
%
24
%
2050 1.030 MTOE
New and Renewable Energy Oil Gas Coal
TARGET OF NATIONAL ENERGY MIX
TARGET
RUEN 2025
TARGET
RUEN 2050
CURRENT
CONDITION
Target of RE in 2025
Note:
NRE = New & Renewable Energy
Energy elasticity < 1
Optimize use of RE
Electricity:
• 60% Fossil (68.2 GW), 40% RE (46.8 GW)
• Total Demand: 115 GW by 2025
Need a leapfrog to meet NRE contribution in energy
mix from 5% in 2016 to 23% in 2025: possible?
Development Plan
Direktorat Jenderal Energi Baru, Terbarukan dan Konservasi Energi
Kementerian Energi dan Sumber Daya Mineral
Ministry Regulation 17/2014 to
Accelerate 13 Stagnant
WKP)
67 WKP
(6.198,5 MW)
EKSPLOITATION:
9 WKP (1.403,5 MW)
Stagnant:
13 WKP (1.275 MW)
Under Going:
17 WKP (1.930 MW)
EXPLORATION:
30 WKP ( 3.205 MW)
Bidding Process:
26 WKP (1.425 MW)
Under process
License:
2 WKP (165 MW)
Expected produce: 3.370 MW
Geothermal Development Status
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
19
83
19
84
19
85
19
86
19
87
19
88
19
89
19
90
19
91
19
92
19
93
19
94
19
95
19
96
19
97
19
98
19
99
20
00
20
01
20
02
20
03
20
04
20
05
20
06
20
07
20
08
20
09
20
10
20
11
20
12
20
13
20
14
20
15
20
16
20
17
20
18
20
19
20
20
20
21
20
22
20
23
20
24
Geothermal Growth (Cumulative MW)
Low estimate MEMR PLN Roadmap
Development plans
17
Low estimate: • Number of developments is
similar to MEMR plan, but • Size of some individual
projects is smaller and some are delayed
Development plans, cont.
18
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
1983 1988 1993 1998 2003 2008 2013 2018
Number of Power Projects
Annual build MEMR Annual build low estimate MEMR Low Estimate
Geothermal & RE Road Map and
Strategies
Pemanfaatan Utilization
Eksplorasi
Exploration
Survey
Pendahuluan
Preliminary
Survey
3G Geophysic
Geochemical
Geologic
Sumur
uji Deliniation
well
Sumur
eksplorasi Exploration well
Sumur
pengembangan &
injeksi Dev’t & Injection well
Eksploitasi
Exploitation
Pemb. fasiltas lap &
penunjangnya Steamfield & supporting facilities
Operasi
produksi Production
operation
Studi
Kelayakan Feasibility
Study
Badan Usaha
Government/
Local Government/
Business Entity
Paling lama 5 tahun + 1 tahun + 1
tahun
Maximum 5 years + 1 year + 1 year
30Years
Maximum 30 years
Business Entity
Badan Usaha
Business
Entity
Badan Usaha
Business Entity
Potensi
Panas Bumi
Geothermal
Potential
Ijin Panas Bumi
Geothermal License
Pemerintah/
Pemerintah Daerah/
Badan Usaha
WILAYAH KERJA
PANAS BUMI
Eksplorasi
Exploration
Pemerintah/
Badan Usaha
Government/
Business Entity
Pasal 17
ayat (4)
GEOTHERMAL BUSINESS ACTIVITIES
AND PROCESS
RE Roadmap and Strategies 2015-2025
Energy type
2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2025
Oil 37% 35% 34% 32% 31% 29% 25%
Gas 21% 21% 21% 21% 21% 21% 22%
Coal 33% 33% 34% 35% 36% 36% 30%
RE 10% 10% 11% 12% 13% 14% 23%
TOTAL 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100%
1. Good governance, clean and accountable;
2. Completing regulations;
3. Business licensed simplification;
4. Creating Incentives;
5. Preserving renewable energy subsidy;
6. Coordinating with ministries/regional
government and association;
7. Energy saving campaign;
8. Updating renewable energy data;
9. Enhancing the networking;
STRATEGY
+ 36,3 GW electricity from RE
Within 10 years
3,6 GW per annum
± Rp. 1.600 trillion needed
Power Plant
2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2025
Geothermal PP
1.439 1.654 2.004 2.344 2.979 3.804 7.239
Hydro/Mini/Micro PP
5.024 5.139 5.266 5.619 7.154 7.735 20.960
Bio PP 1.740 1.886 2.093 2.359 2.674 3.024 5.532
PV PP 79 229 429 679 979 1.379 6.379
Wind PP 7 57 107 207 307 507 1.807
Others 372 1.860 1.860 1.860 1.861 1.863 3.128
TOTAL 8.660 10.842 11.758 13.067 15.953 18.310 45.044
21
Development Strategy
GOI is actively promote and set up the RE strategy
development. Some effort has been done such as:
improving policy and regulation,
creating the market,
subsidy,
feed in tariff,
incentives and facilities,
funding and financial supports, and
developing cooperation with other countries and international
institutions.
22
Direktorat Jenderal Energi Baru, Terbarukan dan Konservasi Energi
Kementerian Energi dan Sumber Daya Mineral
1. Ammandment of the Geothermal Law No.27/2003 to Law No.21/2014;
2. Revise Goernment Regulation No. 59/2007 and GR No. 70/2010 on
Geothermal Business;
3. GR No. 79 Year 2014 on NEP;
4. President Regulation No. 4 / 2010 to Mandated Public Utilities - PT.
PLN to Accelerate utilie RE;
5. Ministry of Energy Regulation
No 11/2008 on Procedure of Geothermal Working Area;
No 02/2009 on the Procedure of Preliminary Survey by Private
Company;
No 11/2009 on Geothermal Business Process and Bidding;
No 17/2014 on Geothermal Pricing;
No 40/2014 on the List of the Geothermal Project to be
REGULATION TO SUPPORT
GEOTHERMAL DEVELOPMENT
