Global Mobile Media Consumption

8/2/2019 Global Mobile Media Consumption

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NLAE@C NCMED

JLHZSN[]ELH6

Bcaqsdqu 1;41

Gly nlae`c mcrejcz gdrc qcmcbehcm }gc

ydu }gc jlhzsncqz i`lad`ù szc ncmed,

dhm ygd} }gez ncdhz blq }gc ehmsz}qu

Blq bsq}gcq ehblqnd}elh {`cdzc jlh}dj}6 yyy(ehnlae(jln



Cwcjs}erc Zsnndqu

D hcy ydrc lb nlae`c jlhzsncq acgdrelq ez jqcd}ehi mqdnd}ej jgdhicz eh }gc

nlae`c `dhmzjd{c djqlzz }gc i`lac

Nlae`c mcrejcz dqc jgdhiehi }gc yduz jlhzsncqz eh}cqdj}, `cdqh dhm zgl{( Ye}g }gc {qlèbcqd}elh lb

zndq}{glhcz, }da`c}z, c.qcdmcqz, gdhmgc`m idnehi zuz}cnz, dhm }gc qd{emù crl`rehi meie}d` ncmed

chreqlhnch}, {cl{`c hly jlhzsnc jlh}ch} crcquygcqc( Ehjqcdzcm dj}ere}u lh nlae`c mcrejcz gdz

acch chda`cm au ac}}cq hc}ylqoz dhm dmrdhjcm mcrejcz? hly jlhzsncqz dqc d`yduz jlhhcj}cm dhm

hl} lhù jlhzsnc as} d`zl {qlmsjc jlh}ch} d} d qd{em {djc(

Nlae`c mcrejcz dqc acjlnehi d nlqc yemcù szcm jlhmse} blq meie}d` jlh}ch} dhm zcqrejcz( ]gc

dnlsh} lb }enc jlhzsncqz z{chm ye}g }gceq nlae`c mcrejcz ez iqlyehi qd{emù dhm }gez ehjqcdzcm

nlae`c ncmed jlhzsn{}elh ez d`zl ierehi qezc }l d hcy jd}cilqu lb zcqrejcz lh nlae`c, ehj`smehinlae`c zgl{{ehi, nlae`c {dunch}z, nlae`c ]R, dhm nlae`c dmrcq}ezehi( ]gez yge}c{d{cq cwdnehcz

}qchmz eh }gc nlae`c meie}d` ncmed `dhmzjd{c dhm e}z en{dj} lh ncmed jlhzsn{}elh, zgl{{ehi, dhm

jlhzsncq acgdrelq(

Gly ml {cl{`c jlhzsnc ncmed<

Gly ml }gcu chidic dhm eh}cqdj} ye}g nlae`c<

Gly mlcz nlae`c rcqzsz }qdme}elhd` ncmed ehb`schjc zgl{{ehi<

Gly ml jlhzsncqz qcz{lhm }l nlae`c dmrcq}ezehi<

Ml }gcu chidic eh N.Jlnncqjc<

Ygd} mlcz }gez ncdh }l ndqoc}cqz, aqdhmz, dhm {saèzgcqz<

Ygd} Tscz}elhz Mlcz ]gez Yge}c{d{cq Dhzycq<

;4



Ocu Behmehiz6

Ncmed ]qchmz

]l ac}}cq shmcqz}dhm jgdhiehi ncmed jlhzsn{}elh szdic dhm acgdrelqz djqlzz }gc ylq`m,

EhNlae jlhmsj}cm d qczcdqjg z}smu dnlhi lrcq 1;,;;; nlae`c yca szcqz eh 47 ndqoc}z djqlzz

d`` jlh}ehch}z

Lh dhu ierch mdu, nlae`c yca szcqz dqlshm }gc ylq`m z{chm 19# lb }gceq ncmed }enc lh nlae`c,

dhm 11# yd}jgehi ]R . nlae`c gdz {s``cm dgcdm dz }gc {qcbcqqcm ncmesn eh }cqnz lb }enc z{ch}

Drde`daeè}u, cdzc lb szc, dhm {qerdju dqc }gc mqerehi bdj}lqz blq nlae`c szdic

Zljed` ncmed, ch}cq}dehnch}, dhm idncz dqc }gc }l{ : nlae`c ncmed dj}ere}ecz dnlhi nlae`c ycaszcqz( Iqly}g eh nlae`c szc eh }gc jlnehi ucdq ye`` ac {qendqeù mqerch au zljed` ncmed,

ch}cq}dehnch}, dhm zcdqjg dj}ere}ecz

Nlae`c Dmrcq}ezehi dhm Jlnncqjc ]qchmz

Nlae`c, ]R, dhm [J―z d`` gdrc d zeihebejdh} en{dj} lh ehb`schjehi {sqjgdzc acgdrelq dqlshm }gc ylq`m

22# lb nlae`c yca szcqz dqc ctsd`ù lq nlqc jlnblq}da`c ye}g nlae`c dmrcq}ezehi jln{dqcm }l

]R lq lhèhc dmrcq}ezehi

Aculhm ncmed jlhzsn{}elh, nlae`c dmrcq}ezehi gdz idehcm }qdj}elh dz d reda`c zgl{{ehi jgdhhc`,

ye}g6

. =1# lb qcz{lhmch}z ehmejd}ehi }gd} nlae`c dmz gdrc eh}qlmsjcm zlnc}gehi hcy }l }gcn

. 1:# lb qcz{lhmch}z ehmejd}ehi }gd} nlae`c dmz gdrc {qlremcm }gcn ye}g ac}}cq l{}elhz

. 4=# lb qcz{lhmch}z ehmejd}ehi }gd} nlae`c dmz gdrc ehb`schjcm }gcn }l asu red nlae`c

3:# lb nlae`c yca szcqz gdrc ndmc d }qdhzdj}elh lh nlae`c( D`}glsig meie}d` illmz gdrc }gcgeigcz} {sqjgdzc ehjemchjc, l}gcq }u{cz lb illmz dhm zcqrejcz dqc {l{s`dq dz yc``

92# lb nlae`c yca szcqz {`dh }l jlhmsj} nlae`c jlnncqjc eh }gc hcw} 41 nlh}gz, d /1:{}

ehjqcdzc bqln ygcqc yc dqc }lmdu

;1



Ndqoc} En{èjd}elhz6

‐Nlae`c ez }qdhzblqnehi e}zc`b dz }gc hcw} yca„

Jlhzsncqz dqc z{chmehi nlqc }enc lh nlae`c( Nlae`c.l{}enevcm dhm nlae`c.jch}qej jlh}ch} dqc

ocu dz nlae`c mcrejcz j`den ehjqcdzehi dnlsh}z lb ncmed }enc {cq mdu( Ye}g jlhzsncq z{chmehizl bljszcm lh }gez jgdhhc`, aqdhmz dhm ndqoc}cqz ye`` hccm }l dj}ercù {`dh blq gly }gcu ye``

dmmqczz }gez `dqic dhm bdz} iqlyehi ndqoc} zcinch}( ]gczc jgdhiehi jlhzsncq ncmed acgdrelqz d

hm hccmz ehz{eqc sz }l }geho mebbcqch}ù dals} gly aqdhmz jdh acz} dmm rd`sc eh }gc nlae`c

chreqlhnch}

Dz }gc nlae`c aqlyzehi cw{cqechjc ez jlhrcqiehi ye}g lhèhc dhm zndq}{glhcz dqc z{sqqehi ndflq

zgeb}z eh zgl{{ehi acgdrelq, ndqoc}cqz zgls`m jlhzemcq eh}ciqd}ehi N.Jlnncqjc eh}l }gceq nlaeè}u

qldmnd{

Nlae`c dz d hcy ncmed jgdhhc` qc{qczch}z d zeihebejdh} l{{lq}she}u blq ndqoc}cqz }l chgdhjc

}gceq jsz}lncq qc`d}elhzge{z au {qlremehi d zcdn`czz dhm jlhrchech} ydu }l mezjlrcq dhm }qdhzdj}qcidqm`czz lb }gceq `ljd}elh

Nlae`c qc{qczch}z d shetsc l{{lq}she}u blq ndqoc}cqz }l chidic dhm zcqrc qc`crdh} dmz, dz

jlhzsncqz nlrc }gqlsig rdqelsz {gdzcz lb }gc {sqjgdzc bshhc`( Ndqoc}cqz jdh en{`cnch} rdqelsz

nlae`c qc`d}cm }dj}ejz èoc }cw} nczzdiehi, nlae`c mez{`du dmz, nlae`c remcl, nlae`c jls{lhz,

aqdhmcm zndq}{glhc d{{z, qejg ncmed dmz c}j( }l djgecrc }gc mczeqcm lafcj}erc

Nlae`c ez ehjqcdzehiù acjlnehi dh eh}ciqd` {dq} lb }gc dmrcq}ezehi new blq rdqelsz aqdhm

dmrcq}ezcqz dhm {saèzgcqz, dhm {qlremcz dh l{{lq}she}u }l chidic jlhzsncqz eh d }dqic}cm dhm

jlh}cw}sd` ndhhcq

Ndqoc}cqz zgls`m jqcd}c nlae`c dmz ygejg dqc chidiehi, jqcd}erc dhm jlh}cw}sd` blq nlae`c szcqz

}l bcc` jlnblq}da`c dhm chidic bs`ù

J`cdqù, Nlae`c ez }gc bs}sqc nlae`c gc`{z }l ase`m aqdhmz dhm ehb`schjc jlhzsncq {sqjgdzcmcjezelhz, nlae`c dmrcq}ezehi ye`` acjlnc dh acjlnc dh ehmez{chzda`c c`cnch} lb }gc meie}d`ndqoc}ehi new

;:



]da`c lb Jlh}ch}z

]gc I`lad` Nlae`c Ehmsz}qu d} d I`dhjc ;3

Ocu Mqercqz lb Iqly}g I`lad`ù ;2

Nlae`c Ncmed Jlhzsn{}elh ;9

Nlae`c Ncmed Dj}ere}ecz ;7

Ehb`sch}ed` Ncmed6 Nlae`c rz( ]qdme}elhd` Ncmed ;5

Nlae`c Dmrcq}ezehi 4;

Nlae`c Dmz dhm [sqjgdzc Ehb`schjc 44

N.Jlnncqjc dhm Zgl{{ehi Dj}ere}ecz 41

;=



]gc I`lad` Nlae`c Ehmsz}qu d} d I`dhjc6 ]gc AeiL{{lq}she}u @ecz gcqc

;3

]gc hsnacq lb nlae`c yca szcqz djqlzz }gc ylq`m ez {qlfcj}cm }l qcdjg lrcq 1 ae`èlh au 1;43(

Z}qlhi dml{}elh lb zndq}{glhcz dhm en{qlrcnch}z eh nlae`c l{cqd}lq hc}ylqo jd{daeè}ecz dqc

d`zl cw{cj}cm }l bsc` iqly}g lb nlae`c yca zcqrejcz djqlzz }gc ylq`m(

]gc hsnacq lb zndq}{glhc lyhcqz ylq`myemc ez cw{cj}cm }l qcdjg lrcq 4 ae`èlh au 1;43,

s{ bqln 391 ne`èlh eh 1;44 . d {chc}qd}elh qd}c lb 23# au 1;43(

Lrcq -: ae`èlh ye`` ac z{ch} lh nlae`c dmz i`lad`ù eh 1;41? djjlqmehi }l Idq}hcq, d`nlz}

gd`b lb }gez z{chm ye`` ac bljszcm lh Dzed( Djjlqmehi }l cNdqoc}cq cz}end}cz, i`lad` nlae`c dm

z{chmehi ye`` zouqljoc} }l dals} -14 ae`èlh au 1;43(

Ylq`myemc nlae`c {dunch}z ye`` ehjqcdzc bqln -1=; ae`èlh eh 1;41 }l dals} -29; ae`èlh

eh 1;43( Meie}d` illmz ye`` djjlsh} blq lhù =;# lb }gc ndqoc}, ye}g 1(3 ae`èlh jlhzsncqz

ndoehi {sqjgdzcz? }gc qcz} ye`` ac jln{qezcm lb {guzejd` illmz dhm zcqrejcz, HBJ, dhm nlhcu

}qdhzbcqz(

Zlsqjc6nlae}gehoehi(jln

Zlsqjc6cNdqoc}cq

Zlsqjc6cNdqoc}cq, Fshe{cq Qczcdqjg



;2

Ehjqcdzehi nlae`c yca {chc}qd}elh dhm bdz}cq hc}ylqo z{ccmz dqlshm }gc ylq`m dqc jd}dùvehi d

zgeb} eh ncmed jlhzsn{}elh( Jlhhcj}cm mcrejcz, ehj`smehi zndq}{glhcz, }da`c}z, {lq}da`c idnehi

mcrejcz, dhm jlhhcj}cm ]R―z dqc jgdhiehi }gc ydu jlhzsncq―z djjczz dhm szc ncmed( Nlae`cjlhhcj}cm mcrejcz d``ly jlhzsncqz jlhz}dh} djjczz }l ch}cq}dehnch}, hcyz, dhm zljed` hc}ylqoehi,

en{dj}ehi ygcqc, ygch, dhm gly }gcu jlhzsnc ncmed, dhm jgdhiehi }gc yduz }gcu djjczz ]R, [J―z,

{qeh} ncmed dhm qdmel(

Eh}qlmsj}elh

Bdz}cq hc}ylqoz ye}g geigcq adhmyem}g dhm dbblqmda`c b`d} qd}c {`dhz ye}g `lycq nlae`c md}d jlz}

Z}qlhi zd`cz dhm dml{}elh lb zndq}{glhcz

Iqly}g lb nlae`c d{{z, nlae`c idncz dhm `ljd}elh adzcm jdn{deihz

Jlhzsncq dml{}elh dhm szdic lb nlae`c dmz

Bljsz lh qejg ncmed, eh}cqdj}erc dmrcq}ezehi dhm szcq chidicnch}

Iqly}g eh nlae`c {dunch}z dhm N.Jlnncqjc

Ocu Mqercqz lb Iqly}g



Nlae`c Ncmed Jlhzsn{}elh

]gc szc lb nlae`c ncmed ez jgdhiehi }gc ydu jlhzsncqz `cdm }gceq mdeù èrcz( Djjlqmehi

}l EhNlae―z qczcdqjg, nlae`c yca szcqz hly z{chm nlqc }enc lh nlae`c mcrejcz cdjg mdu}gdh }gcu ml ye}g ]R6 :1# lb ncmed }enc z{ch} ez lh [J, bl``lycm au 19# lh nlae`c,

dhm 11# lh ]R(

Eh }gc {dz} mdu, d{{qlwend}cù gly nsjg }enc mem uls z{chm lh rdqelsz

ncmed<

Szehi Nlae`c ' Cwj`smehi ZNZ Jd``z %

Yd}jgehi ]R

Lhèhc red Mczo}l{ @d{}l{

@ez}chehi }l Qdmel

Qcdmehi Hcyz{d{cqz Ndidvehcz

Nlae`c yca szcqz jlhzsnc dh drcqdic lb

9 glsqz lb ncmed mdeù lb ygejg d`nlz}

1 glsqz dqc z{ch} lh nlae`c

9

19

11

:1

44

5

41

2

:

;9



Eh }gc {dz} mdu, d{{qlwend}cù gly nsjg }enc mem uls z{chm lh ulsq nlae`c mlehi

}gc bl``lyehi<

Nlae`c Ncmed Dj}ere}ecz

Nlae`c ez {qendqeù d zljed` dhm ch}cq}dehnch} mcrejc? }gczc dj}ere}ecz ndoc s{ lrcq

=;# lb }enc z{ch} lh nlae`c(

Iqly}g eh nlae`c szc eh }gc jlnehi ucdq ez èocù }l jlnc bqln zljed` ncmed,

ch}cq}dehnch}, dhm zcdqjg(

Djjlqmehi }l }gc z}smu

Eh }gc hcw} 41 nlh}gz, blq ygejg }yl nlae`c dj}ere}ecz yls`m uls cw{cj} ulsq szdic

}l ehjqcdzc }gc nlz}<

@ljd` zcdqjgZgl{{ehiC.nde`ZcdqjgCh}cq}dehnch}Zljed` Ncmed Idncz

11# 45# 47# 4=# 41# 7# 9#

Nlae`c

adhoehi

Zgl{{ehi@ljd`

zcdqjg

C.nde`Ch}cq}dehnch}Zljed` Ncmed Zcdqjg blq

ichcqd`

ehblqnd}elh

34# :5#

Req}sd`Cw{cqechjc

Ae`` [dunch}z

5# 9#

:7# :2# 11# 14# 47#

;7



Ehb`sch}ed` Ncmed6 Nlae`c rz( ]qdme}elhd`

Nlae`c, [J, dhm ]R d`` gdrc d zeihebejdh} en{dj} lh {sqjgdzc acgdrelq dqlshm }gc

ylq`m

Nlrec

Lhèhc ' Mczo}l{ @d{}l{ %

]R

Ndidvehcz lq Hcyz{d{cqz

Qdmel

=7#

=9#

=2#

15#

;9#

; 1; =; 2; 7; 4;;

Ygejg }yl blqnz lb ncmed nlz} en{dj} ulsq mcjezelhz }l asu illmz lqzcqrejcz<

;5



Nlae`c Dmrcq}ezehi

Nlae`c mcrejcz {qlremc dh dhu}enc, dhuygcqc jgdhhc` blq dmrcq}ezcqz }l qcdjg }gceq

dsmechjcz( ]gc {lq}daeè}u lb nlae`c mcrejcz d``lyz jlhzsncqz }l jdqqu }gcn d`lhi ygchzgl{{ehi eh.z}lqc, lq }l zgl{ red }gceq mcrejc yge`c lh }gc il( ]gez acgdrelq l{chz s{

l{{lq}she}ecz blq dmrcq}ezcqz dhm {saèzgcqz }l {qlremc jln{c`èhi nlae`c ze}cz dhm d{{z

}l dem eh }gd} {qljczz( Jlhzsncqz dqc d`qcdmu szcm }l nlae`c dmz dhm szc }gcn dj}ercù(

. 22# lb nlae`c yca szcqz dqlshm }gc ylq`m dqc ctsd`ù lq nlqc jlnblq}da`c ye}g

nlae`c dmrcq}ezehi, jln{dqcm }l ]R lq lhèhc dmrcq}ezehi(

. Lrcq lhc }geqm lb qcz{lhmch}z blshm nlae`c dmz szcbs`? d zeihebejdh} {cqjch}dic lb

nlae`c yca szcqz dqc dj}ercù szehi nlae`c dmz(

Djjlqmehi }l }gc z}smu6

Jln{dqcm }l l}gcq blqnz lb dmrcq}ezehi èoc ]R lq lhèhc, gly jlnblq}da`c dqc uls ye}g

nlae`c yca dhm nlae`c d{{ dmrcq}ezcnch}z 'hl} ZNZ%<

:2#

:;#

4=#

1;#

Nlqc jlnblq}da`c, E behm }gcn }l ac rcqu szcbs`

Ctsd`ù jlnblq}da`c, E)n ic}}ehi szcm }l zccehi }gcn

@czz jlnblq}da`c, E behm }gcn eh}qszerc

Hl l{ehelh, E mlh)} }geho nsjg dals} dmz lh nu {glhc

; 1; =; 2; 7; 4;;

4;



Nlae`c Dmz dhm ]gceq Ehb`schjc lh [sqjgdzcz

]lmdu, nlae`c dmz gdrc acjlnc dh en{lq}dh} zgl{{ehi }ll` dhm dqc szcm bqln ehe}ed`

qczcdqjg s{ }l }gc {leh} lb {sqjgdzc( Nlae`c dmz dqc d szcbs` nc}glm blq chidiehidsmechjcz d} crcqu z}dic lb }gc {sqjgdzc bshhc`(

EhNlae―z qczcdqjg zglyz }gd} nlae`c yca szcqz dqlshm }gc ylq`m dqc geigù qcjc{}erc

}l dhm dj}ercù szc nlae`c dmz }l gc`{ }gcn behm hcy ehblqnd}elh dhm dzzez} }gcn

}gqlsigls} }gceq zgl{{ehi {qljczz(

Zsqrcu Geigèig}z6

Gdz nlae`c dmrcq}ezehi crcq6

Dydqchczz Jlhzemcqd}elh [qcbcqchjc Dj}elh @lud`}u

Eh}qlmsjcm uls }l zlnc}gehi

hcy< '=1#%

Gc`{cm uls behm zlnc}gehi

hcdqau< '12#%Ehb`schjcm ulsq eh.z}lqc

{sqjgdzc< '44#%

[qlremcm uls ye}g ac}}cq

l{}elhz< '1:#%

Jdszcm uls }l qcjlhzemcq d

{qlmsj}< '4:#%

Ehb`schjcm uls }l asu red

ulsq nlae`c< '4=#%

44



N.Jlnncqjc dhm Zgl{{ehi Dj}ere}ecz

Nlae`c jlnncqjc ez idehehi tse}c d ae} lb nlnch}sn( ]gc ehjqcdzehi {l{s`dqe}u lb }gc nlae`c

mcrejcz dhm mcrc`l{nch}z eh nlae`c }cjghl`liu gdrc gcqd`mcm d hcy cqd eh ndzz jlnnshejd}elh

dhm jlnncqjc( Lrcq gd`b lb nlae`c yca szcqz gdrc d`qcdmu szc N.Jlnncqjc( Nlae`c yca szcqz

dqc {sqjgdzehi al}g meie}d` dhm {guzejd` illmz dhm zcqrejcz red nlae`c(

Djjlqmehi }l }gc z}smu6

N.Jlnncqjc

Szcm dhu N.Jlnncqjc Bcd}sqcz

Jsqqch}

3:# nlae`c yca szcqz gdrc ndmc d }qdhzdj}elh lh nlae`c

Eh }gc hcw} 41 nlh}gz, lrcq }gqcc tsdq}cqz lb nlae`c yca szcqz ye`` ac szehi N.Jlnncqjc

3:#=9#

Bs}sqc eh }gc hcw}41 nlh}gz61=#

92#

UCZ

HL

UCZ

HL

41



Djjlqmehi }l lsq zsqrcu6

Ygejg lb }gc bl``lyehi dj}ere}ecz gdrc uls z{ch} nlhcu lh red ulsqnlae`c<

# lb ]l}d` Qcz{lhmch}z

29# alsig} meie}d` illmz

:3# alsig} {guzejd` illmz

Asuehi meie}d` illmz, ehj`smehi idncz, nszej, d{{z, c}j(

Asuehi {guzejd` illmz, ehj`smehi c`cj}qlhejz, j`l}gcz, c}j

Ae`` [dunch}z, ehj`smehi {ccq.}l.{ccq {dunch}z, c}j(

Asuehi zcqrejcz, ehj`smehi {sqjgdzehi nlrec }ejoc}z, }qdrc`, c}j(

29#

:3#

13#

13#

4:



Jlhj`szelh

Dml{}elh lb jlhhcj}cm mcrejcz dhm ehjqcdzcm nlae`c Eh}cqhc} djjczz dqlshm }gc ylq`m dqc

eihe}ehi jlhzsncq nlae`c ncmed dj}ere}ecz( Jlhzsncqz dqc z{chmehi dh ehjqcdzehi dnlsh} lb

}enc jlhzsnehi ncmed lh }gceq mcrejcz, ygejg dqc hly lh {dq ye}g ]R eh }cqnz lb en{dj} lh

{sqjgdzc mcjezelh( E} gdz acjlnc }gceq {qendqu d`yduz.lh nc}glm }l djjczz meie}d` jlh}ch} dhm

jlnnshejd}c( ]gcqcblqc }gez jgdhhc` qc{qczch}z dh eh}ciqd` {dq} lb d aqdhm―z z}qd}ciu }l ndqoc}

}l jlhzsncqz( Ye}g }gc ehjqcdzehi qcdjg lb }gc nlae`c Eh}cqhc}, }gez blqn lb ndqoc}ehi ez {lezcm

}l djgecrc zeihebejdh} qcdjg(

4=



Qczcdqjg Lafcj}ercz

Qczcdqjg Nc}glml`liu6

Icliqd{gej Jlrcqdic6

[qlremc d qlasz} recy lh }gc jgdhiehi ncmed jlhzsn{}elh dhm szdic acgdrelqz lb nlae`c yca

szcqz eh d qc{qczch}d}erc zc} lb geig iqly}g ndqoc}z( Jlh}ehsc }qdjoehi }gczc jgdhicz lrcq }enc

dhm {qlremc ehzeig} lh }qchmz eh nlae`c ncmed( Qczcdqjg ye`` ac dencm d} dmmqczzehi }gc bl``lyehi

{leh}z, z{cjebejd`ù ye}g qcidqm }l6

4( Gly ml nlae`c yca szcqz jlhzsnc ncmed<

1( Gly ml }gcu chidic ye}g }gceq nlae`c<

:( Nlae`c dmz dhm }gceq ehb`schjc lh {sqjgdzc mcjezelh

=( N.Jlnncqjc

3( Ase`m d mc}de`cm {ej}sqc lb jlhzsncq }qchmz }l dem }dqic}ehi dhm mcrc`l{nch}

Qcjqse}cm red EhNlae i`lad` nlae`c dm hc}ylqo ac}ycch Zc{}cnacq dhm Hlrcnacq 1;44

Szcm Mcjezelh Bsc` nlae`c yca {`d}blqn }l jl``cj} d qc{qczch}d}erc zdn{`c, ehj`smehi d bs``

qdhic lb zndq} {glhcz " bcd}sqc {glhcz

Yceig}cm djjlqmehi }l drde`da`c nlae`c yca mcnliqd{gejz

Blsq tsdè}u jlh}ql` ncjgdheznz d{{ècm ye}g d{{qlwend}cù 4;# lb jln{`c}cz qcnlrcm

bqln zdn{`c

Lafcj}ercz " Nc}glml`liu

1;,;;; qcz{lhmch}z djqlzz 47 ocu ndqoc}z eh Dzed, Dbqejd, Csql{c, Hlq}g dhm @d}eh Dncqejd

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Z{cjed`}ecz

Jlhzsncq ehzeig}z, Nlae`c }cjghl`liu

Dmme}elhd` Qczlsqjcz6

Behmehiz lh l}gcq ndqoc}z bqln }gc Nlae`c Ncmed Jlhzsn{}elh Qczcdqjg jlhmsj}cm au EhNlae,

Mcjezelh Bsc`, dhm Lh Mcrejc Qczcdqjg dqc drde`da`c gcqc6 yyy(ehnlae(jln,qczcdqjg

Dals} EhNlae

EhNlae ez }gc `dqicz} ehmc{chmch} nlae`c dmrcq}ezehi hc}ylqo( Ye}g lbbejcz lh berc jlh}ehch}z

EhNlae {qlremcz dmrcq}ezcqz, {saèzgcqz dhm mcrc`l{cqz ye}g d shetscù i`lad` zl`s}elh blq

dmrcq}ezehi( ]gc hc}ylqo ez iqlyehi dhm hly mcèrcqz }gc sh{qcjcmch}cm daeè}u }l qcdjg =73 Ne`èlh

jlhzsncqz, eh lrcq 423 jlsh}qecz, }gqlsig nlqc }gdh 5:(= Ae`èlh nlae`c dm en{qczzelhz nlh}gù(

]gc qcjch} djtseze}elh lb Z{qls}, d `cdmehi G]N@3 ds}glqehi {`d}blqn blq nlae`c qejg ncmed, gc`{zcw{dhm }gc EhNlae lbbcqehi }l jqcd}erc dichjecz dhm aqdhmz(

EhNlae ez rch}sqc.adjocm au ehrcz}lqz ehj`smehi6 Zlb}Adho, O`cehcq [cqoehz Jdsbec`m " Aucqz dhm

Zgcq{d`l Rch}sqcz( ]gc jln{dhu gdz lbbejcz eh Adhid`lqc, Flgdhhczasqi, @lhmlh, Hdeqlae,

Hcy Ulqo, [dqez, Zdh Bqdhjezjl, Zcls`, Zehid{lqc dhm ]loul(

]l `cdqh nlqc, {`cdzc reze} yyy(ehnlae(jlnqczcdqjg, bl``ly sz lh ]ye}}cq KEhNlae, lq qcdm lsq

a`li d} yyy(ehnlae(jln,ehnlaea`li,

Dals} Mcjezelh Bsc`

D} Mcjezelh Bsc`, yc }doc d bqczg d{{qldjg }l jlhzsncq ehzeig}z( Yc gc`{ lsq jèch}z qcdjg

ehblqncm mcjezelhz }gqlsig tsdè}u qczcdqjg }gd})z zen{`c }l szc, èig}hehi.bdz} dhm zsq{qezehiù

jlz}.cbbcj}erc(

Yc szc d jsz}ln.ase`} }cjghl`liu {`d}blqn }l mczeih dhm mcèrcq zglq}, }de`lqcm jlhzsncq zsqrcuz

lrcq nlae`c mcrejcz( Qczcdqjg jdh ac zc} s{ eh nehs}cz, mc{`lucm ehz}dh}ù dhm }qdjocm eh qcd` }enc(

Bs`` dhdù}ejz dhm ehzeig} dqc mcèrcqcm ye}g sh{qcjcmch}cm z{ccm dhm j`dqe}u(

Mcjezelh Bsc` jlnaehcz d`` }gc bcd}sqcz qczcdqjg asucqz hccm dhm z}qe{z dydu dhu}gehi }gd} ic}z eh

}gc ydu lb ac}}cq, bdz}cq, nlqc ehblqncm mcjezelhz( Yc jdh gc`{ ulsq jln{dhu sh`ljo jlhzsncq

}gehoehi eh }gc ylq`m)z nlz} jgd``chiehi, muhdnej dhm geig.iqly}g ndqoc}z(

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