Date post: | 03-Jun-2018 |
Category: |
Documents |
Upload: | arely-benitez |
View: | 219 times |
Download: | 0 times |
of 16
8/12/2019 Good Teaching Practice by Rhina Benitez
1/16
Good Teaching Practice.
By: Rhina Benitez
2014
Rhina Arely Bentez Diaz
Elmer Jorge Guardado. MAT
2/25/2014
GOOD TECHING PRACTICE
8/12/2019 Good Teaching Practice by Rhina Benitez
2/16
Good Teaching Practice.
By: Rhina Benitez
Teaching Practice 2
Introduction:
Teaching is a complex, multifaceted activity, often requiring us as instructors to juggle
multiple tasks and goals simultaneously and flexibly. This document contain a set of things that
are involved in teaching like the principles that define the kind of teacher that each one is and a
series of methodology that also defined the teaching style, remember that every teacher has his or
her own teaching style.
These are the questions to the development of the topic:
What is a principle? What are the principles, and how would be the development of each one in the TP? How is the designing of the TP that define the teaching style? How to teach English on-line?-What is E-learning?
- What is Blended Learning?
Reflection of the TP Designing (Conclusion)
Each of these questions will be developed according to a previous teaching experience
and the planning of a new one, taking into account the new information, and the knowledge about
teaching and everything that is included in the this area, in order to make improvements in the
Teaching Practice which is already known that it is what would defined the reality of the kind of
teacher to become taking in consideration the necessity of the students.
8/12/2019 Good Teaching Practice by Rhina Benitez
3/16
Good Teaching Practice.
By: Rhina Benitez
Teaching Practice 3
1-What is a principle?A principle is a law or rule that has to be, or usually is to be followed, or can be
desirably followed, or is an inevitable consequence of something. The principles of a system are
understood by its users as the essential characteristics of the system, or reflecting system's
designed purpose, and the effective operation or use of which would be impossible if any one of
the principles was to be ignored. (Wikipedia, 2014)
In the teaching area, the principles define the teachers, for the reason that is not possible
that without principles the teacher is going to be clear about what he or she wants to achieve with
the students. Principles allow the teacher to have clearer objectives, and thus may achieve. It is
very important to know what principles are included in our own teaching style, and to know thoseare going to be used in the classroom, and that would become what we call as the teaching
philosophy.
2- What are the principles, and how would be the development of each one in theclassroom?
The following small but powerful set of principles can make teaching both more
effective and more efficient, by helping teachers to create the conditions that support student
learning and minimize the need for revising materials, content, and policies. While implementing
these principles requires a commitment in time and effort, it often saves time and energy later on. Principles in the teaching area are essential for developing a good class, a teacher without
principles is not a teacher, that is why the importance of them.
8/12/2019 Good Teaching Practice by Rhina Benitez
4/16
Good Teaching Practice.
By: Rhina Benitez
Teaching Practice 4
PrincipleDefinition
What and how I will develop eachprinciple in my TP?
Good practices
encourages
interaction between
students and faculty
Frequent student-faculty contact
in and out of class is a most
important factor in student
motivation and involvement.
Faculty concern helps students
get through rough times and
keep on working. It also enhances
students' intellectual commitment
and encourages them to think
about their own values and plans.
(Arthur W. Chickering and
Stephen C. Ehrmann, 1987)
Human beings are universally
driven to act, or behave, by the
anticipation of some sort of
rewardtangible or intangible,short term or long termthat will
ensue as a result of the behavior.
(Brown H. Douglas, 2000)
The interaction between
teacher-student is really
important in the classroom. I
would ask the students for their
expectations during the process,
and what they expect from me
as their teacher. This kind of
activities let the students to
enter into a relaxed
environment and they would
start talking about what they
want, what they hope or expect,
and they will do it in a
comfortable way. As a teacher I
will need to encourage my
students any time in any
situation that they would befacing about their learning
process. I would make a round
table, and start interacting,
talking about different things
8/12/2019 Good Teaching Practice by Rhina Benitez
5/16
Good Teaching Practice.
By: Rhina Benitez
that need to be discussed, so in
this way I encourage the
interaction between my
students and I.
Good practice
encourages
interaction and
collaboration between
students.
Learning is enhanced when it is
more like a team effort than a
solo race. Good learning, like
good work, is collaborative and
social, not competitive and
isolated. Working with others
often increases involvement inlearning. Sharing one's ideas and
responding to others improves
thinking and deepens
understanding. (Arthur W.
Chickering and Stephen C.
Ehrmann, 1987)
Students will learn better if they
are not selfish with what they
know, and they practice
cooperative learning. As a
teacher is it important to
implement good methodologies
in which it would include theinteraction and collaboration
between students, for example
using the Community
Language Learning method by
using the Technique of Small
group tasks, in this the students
will share what they have andwhat they know with the rest of
the students in order to
motivate them to practice
collaborative learning.
Good practice uses
active learning
techniques.
Learning is not a spectator sport.
Students do not learn much just
sitting in classes listening to
teachers, memorizing
prepackaged assignments, and
Considering that students learn
better in an active way, in the
classroom the application of
this principle would include a
set of activities that motivates
8/12/2019 Good Teaching Practice by Rhina Benitez
6/16
Good Teaching Practice.
By: Rhina Benitez
spitting out answers. They must
talk about what they are learning,
write reflectively about it, relate it
to past experiences, and apply it
to their daily lives. They must
make what the learn part of
themselves. (Arthur W.
Chickering and Stephen C.
Ehrmann, 1987)
the learning process and make a
meaningful learning. For
example using Audio-Lingual
activities, putting in practice
role play, questioning with an
analytical purpose, solving
problems, discussions, among
other different activities that
make an active learning. It is
important to know that for the
application of the principles it is
necessary to build a good
methodology to achieve what is
required from the students.
Good practice
emphasizes time on
task.
Time plus energy equals learning.
Learning to use one's time well is
critical for students and
professionals alike. Allocatingrealistic amounts of time means
effective learning for students
and effective teaching for faculty.
(Arthur W. Chickering and
Stephen C. Ehrmann, 1987)
Time is really important when
developing a class that is why
teachers include timing in the
lesson plans. All those activitiesthat are planned to do in the
classroom have a limit of time.
In the Teaching Practice I will
try to respect the time for the
activities, for explanations, for
assigning task, etc. and it will
give me advantages, and I
know it because in my previous
experience I almost always
completed the class on time,
which is very important as I
8/12/2019 Good Teaching Practice by Rhina Benitez
7/16
Good Teaching Practice.
By: Rhina Benitez
mentioned before.
Good practice gives
prompt feedback.
Knowing what you know and
don't know focuses your
learning. In getting started,
students need help in assessing
their existing knowledge and
competence. Then, in classes,
students need frequent
opportunities to perform and
receive feedback on their
performance. At various points
during college, and at its end,
students need chances to reflect
on what they have learned, what
they still need to know, and how
they might assess themselves.
(Arthur W. Chickering and
Stephen C. Ehrmann, 1987)
Feedbacks at the beginning or
at the end of a class help
students to understand better
what they have learned. In the
teaching practice would be
good to ask the students what
they have learned of the last
class or of the current one, by
asking some questions or
asking them to make
comments, and also as a teacher
can be good to do a summary at
the end of each class, so the
students can easily remember
what they have been doing
during it. It is really important
to give the students the chance
to ask what they do not have
clear or something that they do
not know, and I, as the teacher
have to give a prompt answer,
that is why it is said that the
teacher needs to be always
prepared.
Good practice respects
diversity talents,
Many roads lead to learning.
Different students bring different
In a classroom it is known that
there a lot of students with
8/12/2019 Good Teaching Practice by Rhina Benitez
8/16
Good Teaching Practice.
By: Rhina Benitez
3- How is the designing of the TP that define the teaching style?
The task of methodology is to enhance the process of teaching English by empoweringand facilitating teachers to work proficiently. Teaching involves a continuous analysis of ones own
work, the experiences of other teachers and the search for new means to improve teaching. When
teaching a foreign language a teacher must think about the specific qualities offered to students of
experience, and ways of
learning.
talents and styles to college.
Brilliant students in a seminar
might be all thumbs in a lab or
studio; students rich in hands-on
experience may not do so well
with theory. Students need
opportunities to show their
talents and learn in ways that
work for them. Then they can be
pushed to learn in new ways that
do not come so easily.
(Arthur W. Chickering and
Stephen C. Ehrmann, 1987)
different intelligences. In the
teaching practice it is necessary
to identify what kind of
students I will have in order to
apply the right methodology
and use activities that help
students equally. There are
some students that learn better
in a kinesthetic way, by doing
movements with their bodies,
and others that learn more just
staying quiet, that is why we
mixed methods and techniques,
in order to make all the
students learn at the same time,
it is also important to be careful
with the tasks and quizzes, they
have to be made in the correct
way in which everyone canunderstand.
8/12/2019 Good Teaching Practice by Rhina Benitez
9/16
Good Teaching Practice.
By: Rhina Benitez
a certain mother tongue. That means that the methodology of teaching English has to take into
account the problems posed by the English language for the students who will learn it. The
methodology of teaching English stands in relation with several challenges or problems:
Teaching Practice 9
1. What to teach? That means the amount of knowledge, skills and habits that students have toobtain within the process of learning the language.
2. What are the aims of teaching? When a teacher is sure of the aim of teaching, he/she willhave the easiness of reaching the intended goal.
3. How to teach? In this case one can call to mind the principles upon which teaching ofEnglish is based, the means, methods, fashion and tactics used in teaching in order to
achieve the required final completion. (Elena Taralunga TAMURA, 2006)
The designing of a good methodology is a great challenge, even though it seems to be
easy. According to the MINED the English syllabus for high school is focused on the
Communicative Approach, in which would be developed a combination of different methods
clearly explained, as such as the role of the teacher and the students in communicative English as a
Foreign Language class. So for my TP I will include a set of methods that are related on the
development of the communicative competences, also for implementing the development and
improvement of the four macro skills. In a class would be good to use interactive methodologies tomake the active learning work.
A methodology as we know is combinations of methods, principles, techniques, and
strategies used in the classroom, in order to achieve an effective learning. Here are the methods
that in my opinion, would work very well for the Teaching Practice with students from High
School. The Community Language learning, using this method the students will learn how to
use English language communicatively with the help of its respective techniques and the strategies
that are planned to use in the classroom. Reflection on experience technique is going to be used in
the classroom where the students can share how they feel by using English language in and out of
classes, a good strategy can be to share experiences, they write in their notebooks some ideas, and
8/12/2019 Good Teaching Practice by Rhina Benitez
10/16
Good Teaching Practice.
By: Rhina Benitez
then I name students to share with the others their own experience. Another method that I will use
is the Communicative Language Teaching, this method will be used with the purpose that the
students still developing communicative competences, due to the requirements of the MINED are
focused on the communicative approach, this method will be accompanied by a series of
techniques that will help to develop it in a better way like the application of the role plays, and the
language games. These techniques are followed by some strategies that allow the methodology
work effectively, for example, in the role play the students can simulate a conversation pretending
to be someone else. And in this way they are practicing the language in an effective way if they
follow the instructions correctly. On the other hand, the use of language games can work
effectively if the strategies are mixed to apply this technique, but always following the same
purpose of the developing of the communicative competences. (Diane Larsen Freeman, 2008)
(MINED, 2008)
-The use of the Audio-lingual Method can be very helpful, because it is focused on
listening and speaking before than reading and writing; it can be applied by including techniques
like the repetition drillsfor starting, and the strategy to put this technique to work would be that I
put a set of words on the white board, so they will repeat them, or I can name someone to read
words and the other students will repeat word by word. The other can be chain drills, this
technique works in a more interactive way because they talk to each other, and a good strategy toput this in practice would be that I say a sentence for starting and this sentence go student by
student following the sequence that link with the one that I said, it could change depending on
what the students are going to say, but it must to follow a logic order, and in this way they get into
a good interaction.
I can Mix Audio-lingual Method with another which I personally think that is one of the
most used in English classes, it is the Direct Method, I will use this for the fact that I want my
students to use only the target language, which is English Language; I will try to set an English
environment from the first class, expecting that it works, so they are going to get into this
environment easily. The techniques that I will use for this method are for example the
8/12/2019 Good Teaching Practice by Rhina Benitez
11/16
Good Teaching Practice.
By: Rhina Benitez
Conversation practice, in which I will use different strategies in order to make them have a
conversation, it can be that they make their own conversation or I can give them a made one; they
can work in couples or trios, and then they will Practice the conversation in front of the other
classmates, another way that would help to make this work is to make discussions; I assign them a
topic and they will discuss about, using words that they already know. Also, I think that I can use
TPR, in some of my classes, this can be mixed with any other method, the strategy to make this
methodology works would be to make the students use kinesthetic learning, and also the listening
and oral functions, for example combing repetition drills technique from the Audio-Lingual
method followed by the use of Commands from TPR method, the students follow the commands,
and at the same time they repeat it.
I consider that the students need more practice of the listening and speaking skills, with
my previous experience I can attest that the students learn better in an active way, practicing more
speech, so this help them to feel motivated to use the language not only inside the classroom or just
because the teacher ask them to do it, but also outside of it in an intrinsic way. The set of methods,
strategies, and techniques that I have mentioned, form the methodology that is going to be used in
my Teaching Practice, are always focused on the communicative approach which is like a goal for
the course, and as a teacher I expect to reach this goal, and make them to develop communicative
competences. It is good to mix some methods to make a better teaching style, for exampleCommunicative Language Teaching matches very well with the Audio Lingual Method for the fact
that they share the techniques that work in the same way as the role play technique, and the
strategies could change depending on the teachers creativity; and the other methods are mingled
in the same way, so it becomes into a good methodology, those methods, strategies and techniques
that are mentioned are the ones that in my personal opinion are more focused on the development
of communicative competences, so that is why I chose them to create my methodology.
Given that communicative competence is the goal of a language classroom, instruction
needs to point toward all its components: organizational, pragmatic, strategic, and psychomotor.
Communicative goals are best achieved by giving due attention to language use and not just usage,
8/12/2019 Good Teaching Practice by Rhina Benitez
12/16
Good Teaching Practice.
By: Rhina Benitez
to fluency and not just accuracy, to authentic language and contexts, and to students eventual
need to apply classroom learning to previously unrehearsed contexts in the real world. (Brown H.
Douglas, 2000)
4- How to teach English on-line?IT in the methodology
Following the same format of the designing of this methodology for my TP, it is also
necessary to add IT in order to vary the way of teaching in and out of the classroom. Instructional
Technology is being integrated into the classroom at alarming rates. As fast as integration has been,
the development of new technologies has even been faster. The literature in the area of
instructional technology is vast and sometimes overwhelming. Often times, articles will focus on
how to integrate technology into the classroom and the recommendation of new technologies. A
significant amount of research on instructional technology is associated with faculty competency
and teaching effectiveness. (RYAN E. DUNMIRE, 2010)
What is E-Learning?
Nowadays, technology is a requirement in the classroom, most of the schools,
high schools, and colleges must have the technological resources in order that the students not
only learn in the simple way but also include technology in their learning process, each of the
students are required to have a computer due to the reason that now, they not only can earn in the
classroom but also they can attend classes on-line, or they can be in the classroom and also attend
an on-line class. There are two ways of teaching on-line without forgetting the approach in which
we are working on (Communicative). E- Learning is the first one, and it allows the students to
learn anywhere and usually at any time, as long as they have a properly configured computer. Fora better understanding E-Learning is learning utilizing electronic technologies to access
educational curriculum outside of a traditional classroom. In most cases, it refers to a course,
program or degree delivered completely online. (Lee Ann Obringer, 2014)
8/12/2019 Good Teaching Practice by Rhina Benitez
13/16
Good Teaching Practice.
By: Rhina Benitez
Teaching Practice 13
What is Blended Learning?
On the other hand, there is the Blended Learning. Blended learning means
many things to many people, even within the relatively small online learning community. It is
referred to as both blended and hybrid learning, with little or no difference in the meaning of the
terms among most educators. In general terms, blended learning combines online delivery of
educational content with the best features of classroom interaction and live instruction to
personalize learning, allow thoughtful reflection, and differentiate instruction from student to
student across a diverse group of learners. The integration of face-to-face and online learning to
help enhance the classroom experience and extend learning through the innovative use of
information and communications technology. Blended strategies enhance student engagement
and learning through online activities to the course curriculum, and improve effectiveness and
efficiencies by reducing lecture time. (John Watson, 2008)
As the teacher, I should look at a new technology and ask how it fits in my learning
objectives not the other way around where new technology is received and then I try to fit it into
class, I have to know how the use of IT match with my objectives in the plan that I have. The use
of technology in and out of the classroom needs to be a proactive practice by educators. It would
be really good to add IT in the methodology that will be used during the Teaching Practice,
because it is necessary to innovate, so the teaching style change and the students will feel more
motivated. There are many different technological sources that can be very helpful to include in
the methodology. For example the use of the Web-quests,
(http://zunal.com/webquest.php?w=219389) it can be really good, with this my students can
see the topics in which I will explain them with the necessary, and the enough information, then I
assign them a task, but of course I have to explain carefully each step in order they understandcorrectly.
http://zunal.com/webquest.php?w=219389http://zunal.com/webquest.php?w=2193898/12/2019 Good Teaching Practice by Rhina Benitez
14/16
Good Teaching Practice.
By: Rhina Benitez
Teaching Practice 14
This can work with both, E-Learning and Blended Learning; one thing that every
teacher knows is that students love social networks, most in the case of young students, so it
would be a great idea to share a class on Facebook
(https://www.facebook.com/myenglishenvironment) or Twitter which are the most common
social sites, there we can interact, with forums, make discussions about a topic, and in this way
they are also improving their communicative skills not only in the oral way, but also practicing
reading and writing. There are also Blogs (http://teachingenglish93.blogspot.com/), where I can
post documents, and then I can make a forum, also there is teaching through Skype, which is one
of the commons as well, when the teacher cannot be at the classroom, I can develop the class in
this way, and it could work very well, if I count with the necessary resources, also I would create
a page in which my students can find what they need to know, anytime they want, not only in
the classroom, but also when they are at home, it would help them to do their assignments.
Teaching Practice 15
https://www.facebook.com/myenglishenvironmenthttps://www.facebook.com/myenglishenvironment8/12/2019 Good Teaching Practice by Rhina Benitez
15/16
Good Teaching Practice.
By: Rhina Benitez
Conclusion:
As conclusion, I personally consider that the Teaching Practice is as important as
working on the reality and it is important to take it seriously, in the same way as it is taken in the
real teaching life. It is also important to note that as it has been said about the Principles, teachers
must work based on them, because based on the principles is like we are going to set clear
objectives to achieve at the end of the course. Concerning teaching methodology, I believe that a
variety of methods, strategies, and techniques makes up the most successful practice, it assists to
maintain the whole attention of the students present in class, it encourages them and offers an
attractive atmosphere and diminishes anxiety, shyness, etc. The Communicative Approach will
allow to the students to learn in a better and interacting way, due to its purpose which is to
develop communicative competences and improve Oral skill. In the end I would like to add the
following fact: not all students share the same desire for studying a foreign language and it is
sometimes a bit too hard for a teacher to teach a class even if he/she is very enthusiastic when
teaching the lesson. As there are many kinds of students and each of them have their own
character and learning rhythms and styles it is not easy to keep everyones attention. Some
students might assimilate the information at once; others cannot do that, though. So that is why as
a teacher I have to commit myself the have a better preparedness for my Teaching Practice.
Bibliography
8/12/2019 Good Teaching Practice by Rhina Benitez
16/16
Good Teaching Practice.
By: Rhina Benitez
Brown H. Douglas. (2000). Teaching by Principles.New York: Pearson Education.
Diane Lanser-Freeman. (2008). Techniques and Principles in language teaching. In D. Lanser-Freeman,Techniques and
Principles in language teaching(pp. 111,112,113). Oxford: Oxfod University Press.
Diane Larsen Freeman. (2008). Techniques and Principles in Language Teaching .Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Elena Taralunga TAMURA. (2006, October 05). Takasaki City University of Economics.Retrieved February 23, 2014,
from The Economic Journal of Takasaki City University of Economics: http://www1.tcue.ac.jp/home1/k-
gakkai/ronsyuu/ronsyuukeisai/48_3/tamura.pdf
John Watson. (2008, february 8). Promising practices in online learning.Retrieved febraury 24, 2014, from North
American Council for Online Learning: http://www.inacol.org/cms/wp-content/uploads/2012/09/NACOL_PP-
BlendedLearning-lr.pdf
JLee Ann Obringer. (2014).A Discovery Company. Retrieved February 24, 2014, from Hoe stuffs works :
http://people.howstuffworks.com/elearning1.htm
MINED. (2008). English Syllabus for High School Education.El salvador: MINED.
Richards J.C. & T.S. Rodgers. (1897).Approaches and Methods in Language Teaching.United Kindom: Cambridge
University press.
RYAN E. DUNMIRE. (2010). THE USE OF INSTRUCTIONAL TECHNOLOGY .Retrieved february 24, 2014, from Literature
Dunmire: http://www.usma.edu/cfe/Literature/Dunmire_10.pdf
Wikipedia, t. f. (2014, february 9). Wikipedia.Retrieved february 22, 2014, from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Principle