Victoria Thompson

SP2H

Sixth Period

1) Imperfect

2) Preterite

- car, gar, zar

- spock

-cucaracha

-snake

3) Modal

4) Adverbs

- Irregular

5) Progressive

- Present

-Past

6) FutureIrregulars

7) Superlatives

8) Formal commands

9) Prepositions

10) Demonstratives

Pronoun ar ending er/ir ending

Yo aba ía

Tú abas ías

Él/Ella/Usted aba ía

Nosotros abamos íamos

Vosotros abais íais

Ellos/Ellas/ Ustedes

aban ían

Uses: ongoing action (was/were) repeated action no definite beginning or end time/date/age/feelings/descriptionsInterrupted activity (cuando)

Preterite is a perfected action in the past. It is a “snapshot”.

Ar Verbs Er/Ir VerbsPronoun Ending

Yo -é

Tú -aste

Él/Ella/Usted -ó

Nosotros -amos

Ellos/Ellas/Ustedes -aron

Pronoun Ending

Yo -í

Tú -iste

Él/Ella/Usted -ió

Nosotros -imos

Ellos/Ellas/Ustedes -ieron

-car, -gar, -zar Yo New Conjugation

-car Yo -qué

-gar Yo -gué

-zar Yo -cé

hice, hiciste, hizo, hicimos, hicieron

Andar Anduv-

Estar Estuv-

Poder Pud-

Poner Pus-

Querer Quis-

Saber Sup-

Tener Tuv-

Venir Vin-

Decir Dij-

Traer Traj-

Conducir Conduj-

Producir Produj-

Tradiucir Traduj-

-e-iste-o-imos-isteis-ieron

-e-iste-o-imos-isteis-eron

Snake (Dormir)-Dormí-Dormiste- Durmió-Dormimos- Dumieron

Snakey (Leer, creer, oir)- Leí- Leiste-Leyó-Leimos- Leyeron

Conjugate and pair modal verbs with an infinitive to get a new meaning

Ir + a + infinitive (going to do something)

Poder + infinitive (are able to do something)

Querer + infinitive (want to do something)

Deber + infinitive (should do something)

Tener + que + infinitive (to have to do something)

Soler + infinitive (to be accustomed to)

Necisitar + infinitive (to need to so something)

Most Spanish adverbs mimic the following model

Feminine form of an adjectiv e + -mente

Claro Clara + -mente = Claramente

Those that cannot be put in the feminine form usually just add –mente

Difícil + -mente = Difícilmente

When two or more adverbs modify the same verb, only the second one uses the -mente ending.

Juan trabaja lenta y cuidadosamente.

Mucho a lot Muy very Mal bad Bastante quite/enough Nunca never Peor worse Bien good/well Ya already Tan so Demasiado too Poco little Siempre always

The present progressive is formed by combining the verb "to be" with the present participle. (The present participle is merely the "-ing" form of a verb.)

Conjugated Estar + (infinitive – ar + ando or iendo)

Estoy hablando.

I am talking.

It’s a lot like present preogressive, only you use the imperfect form of estar.

Estaba caminando.

I was walking.

Infinitive + é

ás

á

emos

án

caber (to fit) cabr- decir (to say) dir- hacer (to do, make) har- poder (to be able to) podr- poner (to put, get/make1) pondr- querer (to want) querr- saber (to know) sabr- salir (to leave, go out) saldr- tener (to have, have to) tendr- valer (to be worth) valdr- venir (to come) vendr- haber (to have -en/-ed) habr-

+ éásáemosán

Conditional is used to express probability or possibility, and is usually translated as would, could, must have or probably.

Infinitive + íaíasíaíamosíaisían

El alumno dijo que estudiaría una hora más.The student said that he would study one more hour.

¿Qué hora sería?What time could it have been?

Estaría en su casa.He must have been at home.

Estaríamos ocupados cuando llamaste.We were probably busy when you called.

article + noun + más (menos) + adjective + de

María es la chica más delgada de la clase.Mary is the thinnest girl in the class.

María es la más delgada de la clase.Mary is the thinnest in the class.

Positive and negative Usted commands follow the same model.

Start by putting the verb in the “yo” form. Then change to the opposite vowel.

If it is negative, add “No” in front of it.

Eat Comer Como Coma.

Don’t eat Comer Como No coma.

Izquierda- left

Derecha- right

Delante -in front of

Detrás- behind

Cerca y lejos- near and far

Abajo- down

Arriba- up

Enfrente- across from

Encima- on top of

Masculine/Feminine

Aquí Allí Allá

THIS THAT THAT OVER THERE

M Este Ese Aquel

F Esta Esa Aquella

THESE THOSE THOSE OVER THERE

M Estos Esos Aquellos

F Estas Esas Aquellas