MEMBER OF GROUP 1:1. LUTHFI RAHMADITYA2. RIA AGUSTINA3. WAHYU ROHMAD DIANTO

PHRASE AND CLAUSE

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Phrase

“A phrase is defined as a group of related words that lacks both subject and verb.”A phrase is a part of a sentence. It is a group of words (within a sentence) that does not contain both subject and verb, and does not express a complete idea.

Based on funcion phrases are

classified into:a) Noun Phrase :A noun phrases consist of a noun and other related words

(usually modifier and determiners) which modify noun.

b) Verb Phrase :A verb phrases is a combination of main verb and its auxiliaries (helping verb) in a sentence.

c) Adjective Phrase :

d) Adverb Phrase :

Noun+modifier/adj (after or before Noun)

Aux + main verb

Preposition + modifer/Adj

Preposition + noun/verb/modifiers

BASEDON FORM/CONSTRUSTION PHRASES ARE CLASSIFIED INTO:

a) Prepositional Phrase:

b) Participal Phrase

c) Infinitive Phrase

d) Absolute Phrase:

Present Participal (Gerund Phrase)

Past Participal

Preposition+ N/Pronoun/modified

infinite/to+V1+other words/Noun/Pronoun

Noun+Participal Phrase+Other Words

Clause

“A clause is a group of related words containing a subject and a predicate”

Example I will meet him in office.The part of above sentence “I will meet him” is a clause because it has a subject(I) and a predicate(will meet him). On the other hand, the rest part of above sentence “in office” lacks both subject and predicate(verb) such

group of word is called phrase.

Type• Main or Independent Clause

Main (or independent) clause is a clause that expresses a complete thought and can stand as a sentence.

Subject + Verb = Complete Thought

Example;• I met the boy who had helped me.• She is wearing a shirt which looks nice.• He takes medicine because he suffers from fever.• Water spilled over the glass and splashed onto the counter. • He became angry and smashed the vase into peaces.

• Subordinate or dependent ClauseSubordinate (or independent) clause is a clause which

does not express complete thought and depends on another clause (main clause) to express completethought. Subordinate clause does not express complete idea and can’t stand as a sentence• Example

He likes Chinese rice which tastes good.

The clause “which tastes good” in above sentence is a subordinate clause because it does not express complete thought and can’t stand as a sentence. It depends on main clause (he likes Chinese rise) to express complete thought.

Subordinate Conjunction + Subject + Verb = Incomplete Thought

Examples• Because my dog loves apples, he waits patiently when I stop

at the market. • I bought a table that costs $ 100.• He takes medicine because he suffers from fever.• Whenever lazy students cheat, Mrs. Russell throws a litttle

chalk at their heads.• Im falling in love with her, because she smiled at me.

Subordinate Conjunction

• She is making tea for the guests.

• They were shouting in a loud voice.

• The best tim to call him is at night

• He helped to build the roof.

Example Phrase

Example Noun Phrase• Modifier Before Noun:

He is wearing a nice red shirt. I have met the last remaining chiefJasmine will someday be a great English teacher.He bought her a beautiful white dress

• Modifier After Noun :She brought a glass full of water.The boy with brown hair is laughing. A man on the roof was shouting

Example Verb Phrase

• She has finished her work.• Shanon will meet us there.• You should study for the exam.• She has been sleeping for two hours.• They are waiting for the rain to stop

Example Adjective Phrase:• He is wearing a nice red shirt. • The girl with brown hair is singing a song• He gave me a glass full of water. • A boy from America won the race.

Example Adverb Phrase• He always behaves in a good manner. • They were shouting in a loud voice.• She always drives with care. • He sat in a corner of the room. • He returned in a short while. • We visit our grandparents twice a month

• A boy on the roof is singing a song. (As adjective)• The man in the room is our teacher. (As adjective)• She is shouting in a loud voice. (As adverb)• He always behaves in a good manner. (As adverb)

Example Prepositional Phrase

Present Phrase:• I like writing good essays. (As noun/object)• She started thinking about the problem. (As noun/object)• Sleeping late in night is not a good habit. (As noun/subject)• Weeping of a baby woke him up. (As noun/subject)

Past Phrase:• The novel written by Andrea Hirata• The report made by group one is complete

Example Participle Phrase

• He likes to read books. (As noun/object)• To earn money is a desire of everyone. (As noun/subject)• He shouted to inform people about fire. (As adverb, modifies

verb shout)• He made a plan to buy a car. (As adjective, modifies noun

plan)

Example Infinite Phrase

• He looks sad, his face expressing worry.• She was waiting for her friend, her eyes on the clock.• John is painting a wall, his shirt dirty with paint.

Example Absolute Phrase

• One Clause: • He is sleeping. • The kids were laughing at the joker. • The two biggest resort in Arkansas are Hot Springs and Eureka

Springs• Today’s modern TV cameras require only a few light as

compared with the earlier models• The two biggest resort in Arkansas are Hot Springs and Eureka

Springs.

• Two Clause:• I am happy, because I won a prize.

• Three Clause:• I like Mathematics, but my brother likes Biology,because he

wants to become a doctor.

Example Clause

TERIMA KASIH