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Topic:

Chapter No. 12:“THE BASICS OF NETWORK TROUBLESHOOTING”

Contents: Preventing problemsTroubleshooting the network

Reference sources for troubleshooting

Diagnostic tools

Preventing Problems:The first step in problems prevention is to

set up the network carefully .Viruses and electrical problems can weak the network, but they are almost entirely preventable

Physical environmentElectrical problemsViruses, worms, and Trojan horsesSecurity

Physical Environment:Although computers are not

especially sensitive to their environment, their physical surroundings do have an impact on them .However, the general areas where you can protect your network.

TemperatureAir quality Magnetism

Electrical Problems :Electrical problems occur

quickly and often without warning .There are four main steps of electrical problems:

CrosstalkNoiseStaticTransients

Viruses, Worms, and Trojan Horses:A computer virus is a computer

program that can replicate itself and spread from one computer to another. The term "virus" is also commonly, but erroneously, used to refer to other types of malware, including but not limited to adware and spyware programs that do not have a reproductive ability.

Troubleshooting

Troubleshooting Troubleshooting is the process

of diagnosing the source of a problem. It is used to fix problems with hardware, software, and many other products.

The basic theory of troubleshooting is that you start with the most general possible problems, and then narrow it down to more specific issues.

Troubleshooting procedure

Identify the problemWhat problem the end-user is experiencing?

What the computer was doing ?

When the problem occurred?

Find the Faulty Component

In networks we may have the problem with hardware or software.

Check all the hardware & software components of your computer.Hardware i.e. Printer, Cables etc.Software i.e. Operating Systems

Correcting Problem:

After identify the faulty component of your network, correct that particular component to work properly in the network.

Verifying Correction:

Now you correct the problem so verify the correction you made in the network.

If it is correct you are ready to connect with your network.

Prevent reoccurrenceAfter verify the correction make possible changes in hardware & software to prevent your network from that particular problem.

Reference Sources for Troubleshooting

Reference source for troubleshooting:

The micro house technical library: Available from micro house corporation, this library is extensive (CD-ROM ) data base o f network cards, motherboards, hard drives and other hard ware .

Microsoft's TechNet: Contains ms technical information, product details, and articles about the latest software's releases, updates and revisions .

Novell support encyclopedia: A large data base of information about NetWare and networking

Novell net wire: Includes much the same information and features as NSEPro, but in a constantly updated form, and it’s actually cheaper than an NSEPro subscription

The micro house technical library

Encyclopedia of Hard Drives

Encyclopedia of Main Boards

Encyclopedia of Network Cards

Encyclopedia of I/O Cards

Microsoft Technical information Network (TechNet)

Microsoft TechNet Subscriptions allow you to download and evaluate the latest full-version software and beta releases, and provide access to extensive technical information about Microsoft technologies. You can use these resources to quickly resolve technical issues

The Network Support Encyclopedia:Novell’s network support encyclopedia,

professional edition, or NSEPro,It Contains a huge database of

information about NetWare and networking.

It includes more than 170MB of text, The Network Support Encyclopedia (NSE) is an electronic

InfoBase containing a collection of network technical information.

Diagnostic Tools

Diagnostic ToolsTerminatorsCable TestersTime-Domain Reflectometer (TDRs)Digital Volt Meters (DVMs)Protocol Analyzers

TerminatorsElectrical termination of a signal involves

providing a terminator at the end of a wire or cable to prevent an Radio Frequency signal (RF) from being reflected back from the end, causing interference. The terminator is placed at the end of a transmission line.

Cable TesterA Cable Tester is an instrument for testing

the integrity of a stretch of cable.

Time-Domain Reflectometer (TDRs)A time-domain reflectometer (TDR) is an

electronic instrument used to characterize and locate faults in metallic cables.

Digital Volt Meters (DVMs)A Digital Volt Meter can help you find a break

in a network cable by checking the voltage being carried across a network cable.

Protocol AnalyzersA "Protocol analyzer" is a tool (hardware or

software) used to capture and analyze signals and data traffic over a communication channel.

Protocol analyzers are mainly used for performance measurement and troubleshooting. These devices connect to the network to calculate key performance indicators to monitor the network and speed-up troubleshooting activities.