Hazardous Location Standards and Hazardous Location Standards and the CECthe CEC

Tuesday, April 18, 2023Tuesday, April 18, 2023

Hazardous Location Standards and Hazardous Location Standards and the CECthe CEC

• Two TypesTwo Types– Division BasedDivision Based

• Original C22.2Original C22.2– IEC Based IEC Based

• E79E79• CAN/CSACAN/CSA• C22.2C22.2

Division Based Hazardous Location Standards

C22.2 No. 22 Electrical Equipment for Flammable and Combustible Fuel Dispensers

C22.2 No. 25 Enclosures for Use in Class II Groups E, F, and G Hazardous Locations

C22.2 No. 30 Explosion-Proof Enclosures for Use in Class I Hazardous Locations

C22.2 No. 137 Electric Luminaires for Use in Hazardous Locations

C22.2 No. 145 Motors and Generators for Use in Hazardous Locations

C22.2 No. 152 Combustible Gas Detection Instruments

C22.2 No. 157 Intrinsically Safe and Non-Incendive Equipment for Use in Hazardous Locations

C22.2 No. 159 Attachment Plugs, Receptacles, and Similar Wiring Devices for Use in Hazardous Locations: Class I, Groups A, B, C, and D; Class II, Group G, in Coal or Coke Dust, and in Gaseous Mines

C22.2 No. 174 Cables and Cable Glands for Use in Hazardous Locations

C22.2 No. 213 Non-incendive Electrical Equipment for Use in Class I, Division 2 Hazardous Locations

CSA Adopted IEC Standards

CSA Version IEC Version

CAN/CSA-C22.2 No. 60079-0-07 IEC 60079-0 ed6.0 (2011-06)

CAN/CSA-C22.2 No. 60079-1-07 IEC 60079-1 ed6.0 (2007-04)

CAN/CSA-E60079-2-02 (R2011) IEC 60079-2 ed5.0 (2007-02)

CAN/CSA-E60079-5-02 (R2011) IEC 60079-5 ed3.0 (2007-03)

CAN/CSA-E60079-6-02 (R2011) IEC 60079-6 ed3.0 (2007-03)

CAN/CSA-E60079-7-03 (R2008) IEC 60079-7 ed4.0 (2006-07)

CAN/CSA-E60079-11-02 (R2011) IEC 60079-11 ed6.0 (2011-07)

CAN/CSA-E60079-15-02 (R2011) IEC 60079-15 ed4.0 (2010-01)

CAN/CSA-E79-18-95 (R2009) IEC 60079-18 ed3.0 (2009-05)

CAN/CSA-E61241-1-1-02 (R2010) IEC 60079-31 ed1.0 (2008-11)

IEC Standards in the CEC

• Why did CEC Adopt the IEC Zone System?– To Access the Types of Protection

• Why did we Adopt IEC Standards in 1995?– IEC had no Certification programme

• Products were Typically ATEX Approved

– We Had no way to add Input to ATEX EN Standards

• We did with IEC That’s Why we Adopted those• But We don’t Actually Comment Much

Acceptable Equipment For Class 1, LocationsAcceptable Equipment For Class 1, LocationsDivisionDivision System System

Acceptable Equipment For Class 1, LocationsAcceptable Equipment For Class 1, LocationsDivisionDivision System System

Class 1, Division 1Class 1, Division 1Class 1, Division 1Class 1, Division 1Class 1, Division 1Class 1, Division 1

Intrinsically Safe (i, ia)Intrinsically Safe (i, ia)Other Acceptable EquipmentOther Acceptable Equipment

Class 1, Division 1Class 1, Division 1Intrinsically Safe (i, ia)Intrinsically Safe (i, ia)

Other Acceptable EquipmentOther Acceptable Equipment

Class 1, Division 2Class 1, Division 2Class 1, Division 2Class 1, Division 2

Class 1, Division 1Class 1, Division 1Class 1, Division 2Class 1, Division 2

Flame Proof (d)Flame Proof (d)Increased Safety (e)Increased Safety (e)

Encapsulation (m)Encapsulation (m)Oil Immersed (o)Oil Immersed (o)

Pressurized (p)Pressurized (p)Intrinsically Safe (i, ia, ib)Intrinsically Safe (i, ia, ib)

Sand Filled (q)Sand Filled (q)Non-Sparking (nX)Non-Sparking (nX)

Non-IncendiveNon-IncendiveOther Acceptable EquipmentOther Acceptable Equipment

Class 1, Division 1Class 1, Division 1Class 1, Division 2Class 1, Division 2

Flame Proof (d)Flame Proof (d)Increased Safety (e)Increased Safety (e)

Encapsulation (m)Encapsulation (m)Oil Immersed (o)Oil Immersed (o)

Pressurized (p)Pressurized (p)Intrinsically Safe (i, ia, ib)Intrinsically Safe (i, ia, ib)

Sand Filled (q)Sand Filled (q)Non-Sparking (nX)Non-Sparking (nX)

Non-IncendiveNon-IncendiveOther Acceptable EquipmentOther Acceptable Equipment

Acceptable Equipment For Class 1, LocationsAcceptable Equipment For Class 1, LocationsZoneZone System System

Acceptable Equipment For Class 1, LocationsAcceptable Equipment For Class 1, LocationsZoneZone System System

Class 1, Zone 0Class 1, Zone 0Class 1, Zone 0Class 1, Zone 0 Intrinsically Safe (i, ia)Intrinsically Safe (i, ia)Intrinsically Safe (i, ia)Intrinsically Safe (i, ia)

Class 1, Zone 1Class 1, Zone 1Class 1, Zone 1Class 1, Zone 1

Class 1, Zone 0Class 1, Zone 0Class 1, Division 1Class 1, Division 1

Flame Proof (d)Flame Proof (d)Increased Safety (e)Increased Safety (e)

Encapsulation (m)Encapsulation (m)Oil Immersed (o)Oil Immersed (o)

Pressurized (p)Pressurized (p)Intrinsically Safe (i, ia, ib)Intrinsically Safe (i, ia, ib)

Sand Filled (q)Sand Filled (q)Other Acceptable EquipmentOther Acceptable Equipment

Class 1, Zone 0Class 1, Zone 0Class 1, Division 1Class 1, Division 1

Flame Proof (d)Flame Proof (d)Increased Safety (e)Increased Safety (e)

Encapsulation (m)Encapsulation (m)Oil Immersed (o)Oil Immersed (o)

Pressurized (p)Pressurized (p)Intrinsically Safe (i, ia, ib)Intrinsically Safe (i, ia, ib)

Sand Filled (q)Sand Filled (q)Other Acceptable EquipmentOther Acceptable Equipment

Class 1, Zone 2Class 1, Zone 2Class 1, Zone 2Class 1, Zone 2

Class 1, Zone 0 & 1Class 1, Zone 0 & 1Class 1, Division 1 & 2 Class 1, Division 1 & 2

Non-Sparking (nX)Non-Sparking (nX)Non-IncendiveNon-Incendive

Other Acceptable EquipmentOther Acceptable Equipment

Class 1, Zone 0 & 1Class 1, Zone 0 & 1Class 1, Division 1 & 2 Class 1, Division 1 & 2

Non-Sparking (nX)Non-Sparking (nX)Non-IncendiveNon-Incendive

Other Acceptable EquipmentOther Acceptable Equipment

Hazardous Location Hazardous Location Equipment DesignEquipment Design

• Methods of ProtectionMethods of Protection– Two TypesTwo Types

• Containment - Containment - Explosion ProofExplosion Proof• Prevention - Prevention - Explosion ProtectedExplosion Protected

FUELFUELFUELFUEL HEATHEATHEATHEAT

OXYGENOXYGENOXYGENOXYGEN

The Fire The Fire TriangleTriangle

Elements Required For An Elements Required For An ExplosionExplosion

Combustible Dust

Confinement

Oxygen in Air/Oxidizers

Dispersion

Combustible Dust

Ignition Source

Deflagration

ExplosionFIRE

SUSPENSION

in air

FUEL

OXYG

EN

HEAT

CONFINEMENT

• Flameproof or Explosion ProofFlameproof or Explosion Proof– Contains ExplosionContains Explosion– Vents Explosive GasesVents Explosive Gases– Flame Paths Cool Escaping Gases Flame Paths Cool Escaping Gases

Below Ignition Temperature of Below Ignition Temperature of Surrounding AtmosphereSurrounding Atmosphere

– Minimal Damage Should Be Caused to Minimal Damage Should Be Caused to the Internal Componentsthe Internal Components

Methods Of Protection Methods Of Protection Ex “d”Ex “d”

Methods Of Protection That Methods Of Protection That “Contain an Explosion”“Contain an Explosion”

Housing “Contains” Housing “Contains” ExplosionExplosion

Metal To Metal Metal To Metal Joints Joints

Extra Care Extra Care must be must be TakenTaken

All Bolts All Bolts Must Be Must Be InstalledInstalledAll Ten All Ten

Thousand Thousand of the of the

BuggersBuggers

OO

HHFF

Methods Of Protection That Methods Of Protection That “Contain an Explosion”“Contain an Explosion”

Metal Explosion Proof Enclosure

Miniature Explosion Proof Housing

Key Difference In Zone/IEC Key Difference In Zone/IEC Vs. Division ApproachVs. Division Approach

• Problem – Field Poured Sealing FittingsProblem – Field Poured Sealing Fittings

Key Difference In Zone/IEC Key Difference In Zone/IEC Vs. Division ApproachVs. Division Approach

• Sealing Is Integral To The DeviceSealing Is Integral To The Device– No Sealing FittingsNo Sealing Fittings– Enclosure Not CompromisedEnclosure Not Compromised

• Terminals Are Increased SafetyTerminals Are Increased Safety– Seal Molded Into HousingSeal Molded Into Housing

• This Is Not a Hermetically Sealed DeviceThis Is Not a Hermetically Sealed Device– Hermetically Sealed Units Use A Glass Tube Hermetically Sealed Units Use A Glass Tube

With a Contact Inside Operated by MagnetsWith a Contact Inside Operated by Magnets– Lower Ratings and Less ReliableLower Ratings and Less Reliable

• Increased SafetyIncreased Safety– Additional Protection Is Given to Additional Protection Is Given to

Components to Prevent Excessive Components to Prevent Excessive Temperatures or Arcs and SparksTemperatures or Arcs and Sparks

– Used in Terminals, Motor & Lighting Used in Terminals, Motor & Lighting FixturesFixtures• Terminals Cannot Vibrate Loose Terminals Cannot Vibrate Loose

or Deform the Conductor or Deform the Conductor • Have Increased Creepage and Have Increased Creepage and

ClearancesClearances

Methods Of Protection Methods Of Protection Ex “e”Ex “e”

• Intrinsically Safe or Intrinsic SafetyIntrinsically Safe or Intrinsic Safety– ““Systems Approach”Systems Approach”– Limits Energy in the Circuit.Limits Energy in the Circuit.– Protected By Zener Diode BarrierProtected By Zener Diode Barrier

– Ex ‘i’ Is CSA Standard & Is The Same As Ex iEx ‘i’ Is CSA Standard & Is The Same As Ex iaa– Ex iEx ia, a, & Ex i Tolerate Two Faults& Ex i Tolerate Two Faults

– Ex iEx ibb Tolerate One Fault Tolerate One Fault

Methods Of Protection Methods Of Protection Ex “i, iEx “i, iaa, or i, or ibb””

Methods Of Protection Ex “q”Methods Of Protection Ex “q”

• Powder or Sand FilledPowder or Sand Filled– The Enclosure Is Filled With The Enclosure Is Filled With

Sand or Ground GlassSand or Ground Glass– Displaces Hazardous GasesDisplaces Hazardous Gases– Isolates Hot or Arcing Isolates Hot or Arcing

ComponentsComponents

Methods Of Protection Ex “m”Methods Of Protection Ex “m”

• EncapsulationEncapsulation– Arcing Components Are Arcing Components Are

Sealed in a ResinSealed in a Resin– No Gas Can Come Into No Gas Can Come Into

Contact With Arcing DeviceContact With Arcing Device

Methods Of Protection Methods Of Protection Ex “o”Ex “o”

• Oil ImmersionOil Immersion– Arcing Components Are Arcing Components Are

Submersed in OilSubmersed in Oil

Methods Of Protection Ex “p”Methods Of Protection Ex “p”

• Purged or PressurizedPurged or Pressurized– Clean Air or Inert Gas Is Passed Clean Air or Inert Gas Is Passed

Through the EnclosureThrough the Enclosure– Electrical Equipment Is Interlocked Electrical Equipment Is Interlocked

With PurgingWith Purging

Methods Of Protection Ex “nX”Methods Of Protection Ex “nX”

• Non SparkingNon Sparking– Non Sparking, Non Sparking, – Low Energy, (Non-incendive)Low Energy, (Non-incendive)– Restricted BreathingRestricted Breathing– Simple Pressurization Simple Pressurization – Contained Spark Equipment (Hermetically Sealed)Contained Spark Equipment (Hermetically Sealed)

XXZone 2 O

nly

Zone 2 Only

Multiple Methods Of Multiple Methods Of ProtectionProtection

• Products May Use Multiple Protection MethodsProducts May Use Multiple Protection Methods• Contact Block - Ex de IIC T6Contact Block - Ex de IIC T6

– Flameproof Contact ChamberFlameproof Contact Chamber– Increase Safety TerminalsIncrease Safety Terminals

• Light Fixture - Ex deq IIC T4• Contact Block - Ex de IIC T6Contact Block - Ex de IIC T6

– Flameproof Contact ChamberFlameproof Contact Chamber– Increase Safety TerminalsIncrease Safety Terminals– Sand Filled BallastSand Filled Ballast

Major Differences When Major Differences When Working on Live UnitsWorking on Live Units

Advantages to Zone Advantages to Zone EquipmentEquipment

Advantages to Zone Advantages to Zone EquipmentEquipment

Advantages to Zone Advantages to Zone EquipmentEquipment

Advantages to Zone Advantages to Zone EquipmentEquipment

Advantages to Zone Advantages to Zone EquipmentEquipment

Major Differences When Major Differences When Working on Live UnitsWorking on Live Units

The Rest of the IEC StandardsThe Rest of the IEC Standards

• Canada has adopted only a portionCanada has adopted only a portion• The CEC References Many moreThe CEC References Many more

– e.g. IEC 60079-10-1e.g. IEC 60079-10-1

• As OBIEC Begins to be used more, more IEC As OBIEC Begins to be used more, more IEC Standards will be used or referenced.Standards will be used or referenced.

• Those working on international projects or Those working on international projects or equipment need to understand the rest of the equipment need to understand the rest of the series.series.

60079-0 Explosive atmospheres - Part 0: Equipment - General requirements

60079-1Explosive atmospheres - Part 1: Equipment protection by flameproof enclosures "d"

60079-2Explosive atmospheres - Part 2: Equipment protection by pressurized enclosures "p"

60079-5 Explosive atmospheres - Part 5: Equipment protection by powder filling "q"

60079-6 Explosive atmospheres - Part 6: Equipment protection by oil immersion "o"

60079-7 Explosive atmospheres - Part 7: Equipment protection by increased safety "e"

60079-10-1Explosive atmospheres - Part 10-1: Classification of areas - Explosive gas atmospheres

60079-10-2Explosive atmospheres - Part 10-2: Classification of areas - Combustible dust atmospheres

60079-11 Explosive atmospheres - Part 11: Equipment protection by intrinsic safety "i"

60079-13Electrical apparatus for explosive gas atmospheres – Part 13: Equipment protection by pressurized room "p"

60079-14Explosive atmospheres - Part 14: Electrical installations design, selection and erection

60079-15Electrical apparatus for explosive gas atmospheres - Part 15: Equipment protection by type of protection "n"

TR 60079-16Electrical apparatus for explosive gas atmospheres – Part 16: Artificial for protection of analyzer(s) houses

60079-17 Explosive atmospheres - Part 17: Electrical installations inspection and maintenance

60079-18 Explosive atmospheres - Part 18: Equipment protection by encapsulation "m"

60079-19 Explosive atmospheres - Part 19: Equipment repair, overhaul and reclamation

60079-26 Explosive atmospheres - Part 26: Equipment with equipment protection level (EPL) Ga

60079-28 Explosive atmospheres - Part 28: Protection of equipment and transmission systems using optical radiation

60079-29-1 Explosive atmospheres - Part 29-1: Gas detectors - Performance requirements of detectors for flammable gases

60079-29-2 Explosive atmospheres - Part 29-2: Gas detectors - Selection, installation, use and maintenance of detectors for flammable gases and oxygen

60079-29-3 Explosive atmospheres - Part 29-3: Gas detectors - Requirements for functional safety of fixed gas detection systems

60079-29-4 Part 29-4: Gas detectors - Performance requirements of open path detectors for flammable gases

60079-30-1 Explosive atmospheres - Part 30-1: Electrical resistance trace heating - General and testing requirements

60079-30-2 Explosive atmospheres - Part 30-2: Electrical resistance trace heating - Application guide for design, installation and maintenance

60079-31 Explosive atmisoheres - Part 31: Equipment dust ignition protection by enclosure "t"

60079-32-1 Explosive atmospheres - Part 32-1: Electrostatic hazards, Guidance

60079-32-2 Explosive atmospheres - Part 32-2: Electrostatics hazards - Tests

60079-33 Explosive atmospheres - Part 33: Equipment protection by special protection ‘s’

60079-35-1Explosive atmospheres – Part 35-1: Caplights for use in mines susceptible to firedamp – General requirements – Construction and testing in relation to the risk of explosion

60079-35-2 Explosive atmospheres - Part 35-2: Caplights for use in mines susceptible to firedamp - Performance and other safety-related matters

60079-xxExplosive atmospheres - Requirements for Process Sealing Between Flammable or Combustible Process Fluids and Electrical Systems.

61241-0Electrical apparatus for use in the presence of combustible dust - Part 0: General requirements

61241-11Electrical apparatus for use in the presence of combustible dust - Part 11: Protection by intrinsic safety 'iD'

61241-1-1Electrical Apparatus for Use in the Presence of Combustible Dust -Part 1-1: Electrical Apparatus Protected by Enclosures and Surface Temperature Limitation - Specification for Apparatus

61241-2-1Electrical apparatus for use in the presence of combustible dust - Part 2: Test methods - Section 1: Methods for determining the minimum ignition temperatures of dust

61241-2-3Electrical apparatus for use in the presence of combustible dust - Part 2: Test methods - Section 3: Method for determining minimum ignition energy of dust/air mixtures

61241-4Electrical apparatus for use in the presence of combustible dust - Part 4: Type of protection "pD"

TS 61241-2-2Electrical apparatus for use in the presence of combustible dust - Part 2: Test methods - Section 2: Method for determining the electrical resistivity of dust in layers

IEC Standards Development

• Issues:– For Manufacturers and Users

• Certification for IECEx allows the use of one Standard Back from Current Edition

• While recertification may not be necessary, There are many Issues with Out of Date Certifications

• This Adds Costs Which are Typically Passed on to End User

– Canadian Interests• IEC Standards Development Dominated by EU Countries

• Largely Testing Agencies

• Some Manufacturers

• IEC Does Not Understand out system

IEC Standards Development

• The US has a Large National Committee– Comment on most IEC Standards

• Chair or Secretary of Several

– Watching out for US Interests

• Canada Has two or three– Canada is at risk of losing it’s P-status– We need more members

Integrated Committee on Hazardous Location Products (ICHLP)

• Call For Members– Review IEC Documents– Add Comments– Participate in ICHL Meetings

• No to be Held in Calgary

• Contact mcole@hubbell-canada.com

• Questions