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Session 1

(High Frequency Words)

Learn. Remember. Review

Vocab Builder

Visual Vocab

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AVER

AVER ~ To affirm, Declare to be true ASSERT, AVOW, SWEAR, ALLEGE, ASSEVERATE

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CATEGORICAL

CATEGORICAL ~ Absolute, Without exception Unconditional

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APPOSITE

APPOSITE ~ Strikingly appropriate and relevant APT, PERTINENT, GERMANE

APROPOS ~ Relevant

By the bye, By the way, Incidentally

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LITIGATION

LITIGATION ~ Legal proceedings

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FIAT

FIAT ~ Authorization DECREE, EDICT, ORDER

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DOCUMENT

DOCUMENT ~ Written evidence to support b) Record in detail; Writing that provides information

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SUBPOENA

SUBPOENA ~ Notice ordering to appear in court

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QUASH

QUASH ~ Declare invalid b) Put down by force or intimidation

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COVENANT

COVENANT ~ Formal agreement

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STIPULATE

STIPULATE ~ To specify as essential

The contract stipulates that Ram pay a penalty,

if he quits his job within one year

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CAUCUS

CAUCUS ~ Group of like-minded people Assemble, Gather, Meet

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GERRYMANDER

GERRYMANDER Divide unfairly to ones advantage, of voting districts

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QUORUM

QUORUM Minimum number needed to conduct a meeting

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FILIBUSTER

FILIBUSTER Delay/obstruct legislation by giving long speeches

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DENIZEN

DENIZEN ~ An inhabitant, A regular visitor DWELLER, CITIZEN

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SUFFRAGE

SUFFRAGE ~ Right to vote

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DEMOGRAPHIC

DEMOGRAPHIC ~ Related to human population DEMOTIC ~ Pertaining to common people

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CENSUS

CENSUS ~ Periodic count of people

CONSENSUS ~ UNANIMOUS

Agreement reached by a group as a whole

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JIBE

JIBE ~ To be in agreement b) Aggressive remark, Dig, Shot

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AUTOCRACY

AUTOCRACY ~ Governed by single individual AUTARCHY, MONARCHY

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PLUTOCRACY

PLUTOCRACY ~ Governed by wealthy people

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OLIGARCHY

OLIGARCHY ~ Governed by few people Power belongs to only a few leaders

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TYRANNY

TYRANNY ~ Ruler is an absolute dictator ABSOLUTISM, AUTHORITARIANISM, TOTALITARIANISM DESPOTISM, DICTATORSHIP

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PROLETARIAT

PROLETARIAT ~ Working Class

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BOURGEOIS

BOURGEOIS ~ Middle Class

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APOTHEGM

APOTHEGM ~ Short, Instructive saying APHORISM, MAXIM, AXIOM, PRECEPT, PRINCIPLE, CANON

AXIOMATIC ~ Evident without proof

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PRECEPT

PRECEPT ~ Rule of personal conduct, Canon Principle, Law, Doctrine, Maxim, Commandment, Teaching

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CANON

CANON ~ Established principles b) CANYON, A deep, narrow valley formed by a river

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TENET

TENET ~ Belief, Doctrine, Dogma

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CARDINAL

CARDINAL ~ Foremost, Central, Fundamental Most important, Key, Primal, Essential, Pith

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PURPORT

PURPORT ~ Intended meaning, Spirit, Drift b) Suppose, Claim, Often a specious appearance

Many great philosophers have purported their own meaning of life

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SUBSTANTIVE

SUBSTANTIVE ~ Essential, Substantial

All the substantive requirements while filling

an application form are provided as a checklist

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INCONSEQUENTIAL

INCONSEQUENTIAL ~ Insignificant, Unimportant

Dilberts work is inconsequential

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TENUOUS

TENUOUS ~ Weak, Insubstantial b) Very thin in gauge or diameter

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INADVERTENTLY

INADVERTENTLY ~ Carelessly, Unintentionally UNKNOWINGLY, UNWITTINGLY

Inadvertently sexist

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SIDEREAL

SIDEREAL ~ Related to stars or constellations

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HIEROGLYPHICS

HIEROGLYPHICS Writing system using pictorial symbols (Ancient Egypt)

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CARTOGRAPHY

CARTOGRAPHY ~ Science of map-making

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ITINERANT

ITINERANT ~ Wandering from place to place to work Unsettled, Gypsy

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ODYSSEY

ODYSSEY ~ Long, adventurous voyage, Quest

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PEREGRINATION

PEREGRINATION ~ Wandering from place to place PERIPATETIC ~ A person who walks from place to place

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IGNEOUS

IGNEOUS ~ Produced by fire, Volcanic PYROGENIC, PYROGENOUS

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STRATIFIED

STRATIFIED ~ Arranged in layers, Graded

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STRIATED

STRIATED Marked with thin, narrow grooves or channels

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STRICTURE

STRICTURE ~ Abnormal narrowing b) Severe criticism

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ACCLIMATE

ACCLIMATE ~ Get used to a certain climate

Before trekking high mountains, mountaineers get

acclimatized in the base camp

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LEVEE

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LEVEE

LEVEE ~ Embankment to prevent a river from overflowing

Formal reception of guests

RAMPART

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RAMPART

RAMPART ~ Embankment built for defense

Bulwark

QUAY

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QUAY

QUAY ~Wharf built parallel to shoreline

WHARF ~ Platform built from shore into water, PIER, DOCK

EMPIRICAL

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EMPIRICAL

EMPIRICAL Derived from observation or experiment

SYLLOGISM

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SYLLOGISM

SYLLOGISM ~ Deductive reasoning

Reasoning derived from two premises

SOPHISTRY

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SOPHISTRY

SOPHISTRY ~ Invalid argument cleverly put

SOPHISM

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SUPPOSITION

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SUPPOSITION

SUPPOSITION ~ Assumption, Conjecture, Putative Assume to be true, Based on incomplete evidence, Acknowledged

Is it true? It is a supposition based on incomplete evidence!

EXTRAPOLATION

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EXTRAPOLATION

EXTRAPOLATION Estimation by projecting known information

INTERPOLATION

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INTERPOLATION

INTERPOLATION ~ Insertion, Alteration b) Estimation of the value of a function (Mathematics)

TAUTOLOGY

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TAUTOLOGY

TAUTOLOGY ~ Unnecessary repetition b) A statement that is necessarily true

QUERY

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QUERY

QUERY ~ Question

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PRECURSOR

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PRECURSOR

PRECURSOR ~ Forerunner, Predecessor

HARBINGER, HERALD

CAUSAL

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CAUSAL

CAUSAL ~ Involving a cause

CASUAL ~ Informal

CAUSAL CASUAL

CONCOMITANT

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CONCOMITANT

CONCOMITANT ~ Existing concurrently

Accompanying as a consequence

Fire and smoke are concomitant

RAMIFICATION

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RAMIFICATION

RAMIFICATION ~ Implication, Consequence

b) Outgrowth, Branching out, Forking

COMMENSURATE

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COMMENSURATE

COMMENSURATE ~ Proportional CORRESPONDING in size

CATALYST

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CATALYST

CATALYST ~ Something causing change

ACCELERATOR

EFFICACY

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EFFICACY

EFFICACY ~ Efficiency, Effectiveness

CODIFY

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CODIFY

CODIFY ~ Systematize, Systemize, Arrange

INTANGIBLE

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INTANGIBLE

INTANGIBLE ~ Not material

IMPALPABLE, Nonphysical

Human capital and relationships are intangible assets

PRAGMATIC

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PRAGMATIC

PRAGMATIC ~ Practical

FEASIBLE, VIABLE

QUIXOTIC

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QUIXOTIC

QUIXOTIC ~ Romantic, Unrealistic

IDEALISTIC, UTOPIAN

FOUNDER

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FOUNDER

FOUNDER ~ Person who establishes something

b) Fail utterly, Collapse, Sink, Flop; Stumble and fall

SANCTION

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SANCTION

SANCTION ~ To approve, Ratify, Permit

b) Impose a penalty, Punish

AVOCATION

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AVOCATION

AVOCATION ~ Secondary occupation

HOBBY, Auxiliary activity

For Hollywood actor John Travolta flying is an avocation

INCORPORATE

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INCORPORATE

INCORPORATE ~ Introduce into something

INTEGRATE, MERGE

SUBSUME

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SUBSUME

SUBSUME ~ To include, Incorporate

A is subsumed in B

SUPERSEDE

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SUPERSEDE

SUPERSEDE ~ Replace, SUPPLANT Take the place of, Move into the position of

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RELEGATE

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RELEGATE

RELEGATE ~ Consign to an inferior position

DEMOTE

DISMISS

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DISMISS

DISMISS ~ Reject, Ignore Put away from consideration, CULL

SEVERANCE

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SEVERANCE

SEVERANCE ~ Personal or social separation Rupture, Falling out

b) Dismissal, Discharge, Sacking, Firing

DIVEST

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DIVEST

DIVEST ~ To strip, Deprive, Rid

DISINVEST, Take away possessions

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THANK YOU