High Performance Php My Sql Scaling Techniques

High Performance PHP & MySQL Scaling Techniques

Eli Whitehttp://eliw.com/

The Knight Rider Methodology to Software Development Eli White - ZendCon 08 - 9/17/2008

What's all this then?

● Introduction

● Standard Solution

● Quick PHP Solutions

● APC User Variables

● Memcached

● Purpose Driven Database Servers

● Database Partitioning


Introduction

Performance is a problem

Scaling your performance is a bigger problem


Standard Solution

How most people setup a basic solution that scales 'so far'.


Standard Solution

Many PHP Servers behind a load balancer:


Standard Solution

Many MySQL slaves, talking to a master


Standard Solution

Randomized or 'planned' PHP to MySQL relations


Quick PHP Solutions

A number of things that will speed up PHP, if that is your bottleneck.


Use an opcode cache

PHP by default recompiles every page, every request.

APC (Alternative PHP Cache)http://pecl.php.net/package/APC


Stop using PHP

Specifically move to faster server software, such as thttpd for static HTML pages, images, etc.


Pregenerate Content

If pages do not need to be instantly updated, generate them on a regular basis.


Cache content

Half-way between dynamic and pregenerated.

Cache it as you create it.

Example: jpcachehttp://www.jpcache.com/

Or Smarty does this for you.


Memcached

What is it?


Memcached Performance gains

Allows complicated processing to be done once.

Cache chunks of data that are used on many different pages.

Still be able to dynamically create pages, but using some cached data.


Memcached Server Farm

Setting up a pool of servers● PHP Provides the basics of distributing load

across servers.

Taking it to the next level● Failover protection, Redundancy, etc.


Memcached disadvantages / issues

● Coding the actual caching decisions

● Out of date / Old data

● Perpetuating slave lag

● Scaling it further / Getting the most out of caching

● Balancing the farm load


Creating Generic Memcached Solutions

● Create generic/abstract system (classes) to hide connections, load balancing, fail over, and server farm aspects for you.

● You only ever say 'store' or 'retrieve'

● Next Step: Create a system (classes) to even abstract that further. To completely hide how the data is stored, retrieved, and cached.

● You just 'ask for the data', and the classes handle everything.


APC User Variables

What is it?


APC User Variables Pros & Cons

Advantages:● You already have the ability to do it.● Local memory access, no network traffic.● Stores data as native PHP types in local memory.

Limitations:● Data that is stored is local to that web server.● Has to share memory resources with web server.


Purpose Driven MySQL Pools

Creating separate slave pools, that are close to identical in order to isolate high database load.


Purpose Driven Pool Example


Database Partitioning

What is it?

Simplest Definition:Breaking up your database into a number of smaller ones.

(And I'm not talking about built-in versions)


Pros & Cons of Partitioning

Pros● Greater performance● Tweakable / Scalable

Cons● Loss of direct SQL support● Increased PHP load● Complicated programming


Main Types of Partitioning

Horizontal Vertical

Application Level

Discussion topic: Partitioning within same database


Horizontal Partitioning

“Moving various rows of your table into different tables”

Various methodologies:● Range Based● Date Based● Interlaced● User Based● Partial partitioning works well here


Vertical Partitioning

“Moving various columns of your table into different tables”

Various methodologies:● Move rarely used columns into auxiliary table● Move often empty columns into auxiliary table● Move columns that are not used in where clauses


Application Level Partitioning

“Moving various tables of your DB onto different servers”

Various methodologies:● Move single tables to specific servers● Move groups of related tables together to allow joining


Generic code to handle partitioning

Coding to partitions can get complicated.

Make a set of functions/classes that understand the partitions so that you don't have to.

Your code, again, should only be concerned with:Give me the data!

Any Questions?

For this presentation & more:

http://eliw.com/

Date post:	13-Dec-2014
Category:	Technology
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High Performance Php My Sql Scaling Techniques

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