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Historic and current Historic and current constraints on the constraints on the development of the development of the
Scottish aquaculture Scottish aquaculture industryindustry
www.hambreyconsulting.co.uk
AKA AKA : What size could or : What size could or should the Scottish should the Scottish
Aquaculture Industry be Aquaculture Industry be – and what’s stopping it? – and what’s stopping it?
Existing ConstraintsExisting Constraints
Physical ?Physical ? Market ?Market ? Regulatory?Regulatory? Planning? Planning?
Finance?Finance? Designations?Designations?Skills?Skills? Other ? Other ?
Infrastructure?Infrastructure? Public Opinion?Public Opinion?
10%
12%
14%
16%
18%
20%
1985
1987
1989
1991
1993
1995
1997
1999
2001
2003
2005
0
100,000
200,000
300,000
400,000
500,000
600,000
700,000A
nn
ua
l p
rod
uc
tio
n (
t)
NorwayChileUnited KingdomCanadaAustraliaFaroe IslandsIreland
Physical ConstraintsPhysical Constraints
Does topography and geography limit:Does topography and geography limit:
A) farm sizes A) farm sizes B) Total productionB) Total production
Production Unit Size - proportional trends
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
% p
rod
uct
ion
per
un
it s
ize
>100 t100 - 500 t500 - 1000 t<1000 t
Site AvailabilitySite Availability
How many more sites are available, How many more sites are available, capable to adequately assimilating (and capable to adequately assimilating (and modelling) large biomasses?modelling) large biomasses?
Underused sites?Underused sites?
Shellfish shortages.Shellfish shortages.
InfrastructureInfrastructure
Adequate road, rail linkagesAdequate road, rail linkages
Proximity of feed plantsProximity of feed plants
Maritime InfrastructureMaritime Infrastructure
Feed deliveriesFeed deliveries
Well-boat harvestingWell-boat harvesting
Market ConstraintsMarket Constraints
Does the market dictate total production?Does the market dictate total production?
Trend in Global Atlantic Salmon Production and Unit Value
0
400,000
800,000
1,200,000
1,600,000
1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006
An
nu
al P
rod
uct
ion
(t)
2.00
4.00
6.00
Un
it V
alu
e (U
S$
/ kg
)
Total Global Production (tonnes) Average Global Price ($/Kg)0
100,000
200,000
300,000
400,000
500,000
600,000
700,000
1990
1992
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006
To
tal P
rod
uct
ion
(t)
& T
ota
l Rev
enu
e (U
S$)
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
Pri
ce (
US
$/K
g) Scottish
Revnue(US$)
ScottishProduction(t)
ScottishPrice($/Kg)
Regulatory ConstraintsRegulatory Constraints
Limits on farm sizeLimits on farm size
Autodepomod IIAutodepomod II
Medicinal licensingMedicinal licensing
Overall availabilityOverall availability
Contributes to limit cage Contributes to limit cage sizesize
Recent progress Recent progress (deltametherin)(deltametherin)
Planning ConstraintsPlanning Constraints
UncertaintyUncertainty
DelayDelay
Direct Cost of ApplicationsDirect Cost of Applications
Indirect cost of ApplicationsIndirect cost of Applications
FlexibilityFlexibility
Role of statutory consultationRole of statutory consultation
Role of public consultationRole of public consultation
DesignationsDesignations
Natura 2000 – SPAs & SACsNatura 2000 – SPAs & SACs
National Scenic AreasNational Scenic Areas
SSSIsSSSIs
BAP SpeciesBAP Species
DesignationsDesignations
Around 1/3 of salmon farms are in NSAsAround 1/3 of salmon farms are in NSAs
Around 58% in Highland RegionAround 58% in Highland Region
Around ¼ of farms take place adjacent to BAP species or Around ¼ of farms take place adjacent to BAP species or habitatshabitats
Less than 10% of farms are in or adjacent to Natura 2000 Less than 10% of farms are in or adjacent to Natura 2000 sitessites
Highland region also has the highest overlap (15%).Highland region also has the highest overlap (15%).
Has the concentration of designations Has the concentration of designations shaped the industry development?shaped the industry development?
Regional Proportion of Scottish Salmon Production
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
19
90
19
92
19
94
19
96
19
98
20
00
20
02
20
04
20
06
20
07
% o
f o
ve
rall
Pro
du
cti
on
NWOrkneyShetlandSWWI
Any other constraints?Any other constraints?
Locational guidelines?Locational guidelines? Availability of finance?Availability of finance? Skilled workforce?Skilled workforce? Public perception?Public perception? Disease (ASP in Shellfish – Disease (ASP in Shellfish –
firebreaks?)firebreaks?) Raw materials? Feed / smolt supply?Raw materials? Feed / smolt supply? Barriers to new entrantsBarriers to new entrants
Prioritisation of Prioritisation of ConstraintsConstraints
MarketMarket
PhysicalPhysical
Site availabilitySite availability
InfrastructureInfrastructure
RegulatoryRegulatory
PlanningPlanning
DesignationsDesignations