Hongfeng Guo: GHOU Activities in China

中国科学院国家天文台

HOU courses and Activities in China Hongfeng Guo

China Hands On Universe

National Astronomical Observatories

Chinese Academy of Sciences

[email protected]

www.chinahou.net


Students Age Group High School (16-18) (Observation, Reflection, Research, Thesis)

Junior High School (13-15) (Observation&Measurement, Reflection, Paper)

Primary School (6-12) (Observation, Reflection, Activity, Report)

Preschool Age (5-6) (Observation, Record&Drawing, Play&Show)

According student’s ability

we teach HOU courses activities for more students in recently years,

and set different goals for different age children.


一天中太阳影子变化：东升西落，正午最高；正午影长最短，投向正北

Observe the shadow

of the Sun Draw Sun Clock

20

15

-03

-12，

17：

30

20

15

-03

-13，

17：

35

20

15

-03

-14，

17：

40

西南北

Recording Location Changes of Sunset


Play Constellation Game Guide children to


仙王座天龙座

小熊座

仙后座

鹿豹座

天猫座

大熊座

Constellation Puzzle

Cassiopeia

little Bear

Ursa Minor

Great Bear

Ursa Major

Draco

Cepheus Lynx

Camelopardalis

positive Name of Constellations


指北极

指北极

Opposite Distribution of Stars


Children Performed Astronomical

Science Drama during China

Science Festival, 2014, on the big

stage of Beijing Exhibition Hall.

I wrote and directed an Astronomical

Science Drama. It has been performed

in many schools.





stage of Bejing Exhibition Hall





stage of Bejing Exhibition Hall



Junior High School (13-15) (Observation, Reflection, Measurement, Paper)


Preschool Age (5-6) (Observation, Drawing, Show)


For primary school students, We often teach astronomy course at school or in our observatory. Focus is to inspire them to think, to observe, and to do.


傅科在大厅的穹顶上悬挂了一条67米长的绳索，绳索的下面是一个重达28千克的摆锤，摆锤的下方是巨大的沙盘。每当摆锤经过沙盘上方的时候，摆锤上的指针就会在沙盘上面留下运动的轨迹。按照人们的想象，这个硕大无朋的摆应该在沙盘上面画出一条不变的轨迹，然而人们惊奇地发现，傅科摆每摆动一次，在沙盘上画出的轨迹都会偏离原来的轨迹。现场观看的人们不禁惊呼：“地球真的是在转动啊！”

傅科摆-地球自转的验证 ---最美十大物理实验之一

Foucault pendulum

Earth rotation, who saw or felt? why do you believe? who did what experiment?

Many students do not have thought about this problems.

../素材与链接/PPT插入视频/傅科摆.mp4


Student’s Foucault pendulum

Step 1 Step 2

Step 3 They finally got a successful result

Guide them to do the Foucault pendulum experiment by themselves


20

15

-03

-12，

17：

30

20

15

-03

-13，

17：

35

20

15

-03

-14，

17：

40

西南北

Observing and recording

The Position of Sunset


To understand the trajectory of the sun

../素材与链接/PPT插入视频/冬夏日影-回归线-地球的周长.mpg


地球的运动太阳视运动

近日点

远日点

地球公转-太阳周年视运动照射角度-四季变化-近远-冷暖-纬度

Explain natural phenomena in daily life

分至点.swf


月相变化的因素： 1）太阳照射方向，所以月亮圆边总是朝向太阳；

2）地球观测方向与日照

方向相反---新月；

方向相同---满月；

方向垂直---上下弦。

月相变化

外圈月相表示站在地球上某地所见的月相

Explain the principle of Moon phase change


1

6

5

4

3

2

13

12

11

10 9

8 7

15

14

上半月傍晚月相变化规律：

（农历初一至十五） 1）月亮由新月变成满月（一天天长胖）

2）月亮从西-南-东，一天天移动（在太阳后，日落后）

月亮到达天空同一位置的时间，一天天滞后

3）月亮（在天空）运行轨迹与太阳轨迹一致（东-南-西）

4）月亮圆的方向正对着太阳，缺的方向背向太阳

5）白天月亮也在同样轨道上运行，只是被阳光淹没看不见

Made a daily moon phase change template for students


Home work for students to do daily observation of the moon in

the same time and the same place, record the position of the

moon and the lunar phases.


测量南北线

时间竿高影长

11：45 100 xxx

11：50 100 xxx

11：55 100 xxx

12：00 100 xxx

12：05 100 xxx

12：10 100 xxx

12：15 100 xxx

12:00 12:15 12:05 11:55

11:50 12:10

11:45

Measuring the sun's shadow, obtaining data of solar altitude,

Noon hour, and north south line.


One of our students,

Jinshan, 11 years old,

grade 5.

He measured the sun shadow in the summer solstice, winter solstice, vernal equinox and autumnal equinox, respectively.

Every time he improved the measurement tools and methods.

Finally, at the

summer solstice, he, at first, marked

the shadow point

on the circular grid,

then measured the

shadow length, so

it improves the

measurement

accuracy.


Why? He has done a lot of research works

and got some results .

2014年指导北京崇文科技馆选送的学生邢毓麟，论文获得北京市青少年创新大赛一等奖，北京市中小学生天文论文比赛一等奖。

图4-3中低纬春夏方向古今星空变迁轨迹图4-4 南天区古今星空变迁轨迹

Yulin, primary 12 years old, grade 6. He looked the Hipparcos catalog and modern catalog of bright stars and found an interesting things that the ninth brightest star, achernar (αEri) was lost in Hipparcos catalog.


Chinese

Name

Star Name Modern coordinate

AD 2000.0

Hipparchus Times

BC 100.0

十字架二 α Cru R.A.

12h

Dec.

-63°

R.A.

10h

Dec.

-51°

水委一 α Eri R.A.

1h

Dec.

-57°

R.A.

0h

Dec.

-68°

1) Star Achernar (αEri) was not listed in the Hipparcos catalog, because it was too south (-68 °) that may not be found in the Hipparchus era.

2) Because of precession reasons, Achernar (αEri) is now -57 °, can easily be found in the modern.

3) He also checked the coordinates of 20 bright stars whether in the Hipparcos catalog and brightness catalog, and draw a curve position of these stars in a sphere. This clearly shows that the ancient pole position changed.



Junior High School (13-15) (Observation, Reflection, Measurement, Paper)


Preschool Age (5-6) (Observation, Drawing, Show)


For high school students, Our main job is to guide them to do research and write papers. Focus is to inspire them to think, to observe, and to have experience of real research work.


The Large Sky Area Multi-Object Fiber

Spectroscopic Telescope (LAMOST)

Yuanhong, Junior high, 15 years old, 9th grade

He analyzed some LAMOST telescope data last

year, wrote scientific papers and won first prize in

Beijing Middle School astronomical papers.


The main parameters of LOMOST

LOMOST is the latest China-made optical telescopes, is a reflection of the star ceremony Schmidt telescope.

Applications active optics technology to control the reflection correction plate, making it both have large field of large

diameter. Due to its diameter up to 4 meters, 1.5 hours during the exposure can be observed up to 20.5 magnitude

dark objects. And because it is the field of view of 5°, in the focal plane can be placed 4000 fibers.


北京35中学生，荣获第33届北京市青少年创新大赛一等奖。2015年出国深造.

Dingyi, high school student, 17 years old, grade 11

He did study variable stars. He first made

observations with a telescope, and then use the

software to process data, obtained the star's

luminosity curve and so on. His thesis won the first

prize at the 33rd session of the Beijing Youth

Innovation Competition. Now he is studying in the

United States.


伟大的哲学家康德说：世界上有两种东西能够震撼人类的心灵，

一件是我们心中崇高的道德准则，一件是我们头顶上灿烂的群星。一个民族有一些关注天空的人，他们才有希望；一个民族只是关心脚下的事情，那是没有未来的。

仰望星空 We continue to bring the students to do GLOBE at NIGHT


During observation, we also guide students to learn astrophotography This is one of winning works


This is another winning work


Thanks！ [email protected]

www.chinahou.net

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Hongfeng Guo: GHOU Activities in China

Education