633HOSPITALS RECOGNISED BY IRISH UNIVERSITIES & CORPORATIONS.

HOSPITALS AFFORDING PRACTICE RECOGNISEDBY THE IRISH UNIVERSITIES AND

CORPORATIONS.1ADELAIDE MEDICAL AND SURGICAL HOSPITALS, rerer.

street, Dublin.-Fee for nine months’ hospital attendance,L12 12s. six months, .f:8 8s. Summer, three months, E5 5s.

Staff.-Consulting Physician: Dr. James Little. Phy-sicians : Dr. Wallace Beatty, Dr. H. T. Bewley, andDr. G. Peacocke. Surgeons : Mr. F. T. Heuston, Mr.T. E. Gordon, and Mr. L. G. Gunn. Obstetric Surgeon:Sir W. J. Smyly. Ophthalmic Surgeon : Sir H. R. Swanzy.Throat Surgeon: Dr. S. Horace Law. Pathologists and

Bacteriologists: Dr. J. Alfred Scott and Dr. W. GeoffreyHarvey. Dental Surgeon : Mr. John Stanton. Assistant

Physician: Dr. W. G. Harvey. Assistant Surgeon: Mr. W.Pearson. Anæsthetist: Dr. Piel.Two resident surgeons are elected yearly and four resident

pupils half-yearly. At the termination of the session prizesin Clinical Medicine and Surgery and in Dermatology willbe awarded.Hudson Scholarship.-In addition to the junior prizes the

Hudson Scholarship, E30 and a gold medal, as well as aprize of £10, together with a silver medal, will be awardedat the end of the session for proficiency in medicine, surgery,and gynaecology.

The certificates of attendance are recognised by all theUniversities and licensing bodies in the United Kingdom.Further particulars may be obtained from Dr. H. T. Bewley.COOMBE LYING-IN HOSPITAL AND GUINNESS DISPENSARY

FOR THE TREATMENT OF DISEASES PECULIAR TO WOMEN,Dublin.—This hospital contains nearly 70 beds andconsists of two divisions, one of which is devoted to lying-incases and the other to the treatment of diseases peculiarto women. The practice of this hospital is one of the

largest in Ireland. Lectures are delivered, practical in-struction given, and gynaecological operations are per-formed in the theatres daily. There is a general dispensaryheld daily, at which instruction is given on the Diseases ofWomen and Children. There is a special afternoon dis-

pensary held by the Master and his assistants, at whichpractical instruction in gynæcology is given. There is no extracharge for attendance at this dispensary. There is accom-modation for intern pupils who enjoy exceptional advantagesof acquiring a thorough knowledge of this branch of theirprofession. Lady medical students can reside in the

hospital. The residents’ quarters are comfortable. Clinical.assistants are appointed from amongst the pupils as vacancies- occur. Certificates of attendance at this hospital are acceptedby all licensing bodies. Fees : Extern pupils for full courseof six months, £8 8s. ; three months, £4 4s. Intern pupils,one month, £4 4s. ; each consecutive month, E3 3s. ; sixmonths, .f:18 18s. board and lodging in the hospital, 20s.per week. Lady students’ intern, one month, £5 5s. ; each- consecutive month, .&4 4s. Registration fee, in advance,10s. 6d. Students can enter for attendance at any time,but preference is given to those entering from the first dayof the month. Further particulars may be had on applica-tion to the Master or the Registrar at the hospital.

Staff.-Consulting Physicians : Sir John W. Moore andSir J. M. Redmond. Consulting Surgeons : Dr. F. T.Heuston and Dr. F. W. Kidd. Pathologist: Dr. E. J.McWeeney. Pathological Analyst: Sir C. A. Cameron.Master: Dr. M. J. Gibson. Assistant Master: Dr. R. A.MacLaverty and Dr. Louis A. Cassidy. Registrar: Fred. A.Heney.

SIR PATRICK DUN’S HOSPITAL, Grand Canal-street,Dublin.-Classes for clinical instruction both in Medicineand Surgery are held each morning from 9 o’clock fromOct. lst till the end of June. Special classes for studentscommencing their hospital studies will be held in the wardsduring the months of October, November, and December.They will embrace the elements of Medicine and Surgery,including note-taking. The surgical operating theatre,which has recently been erected, is equipped upon the mostapproved principles and is thoroughly in accord withmodern surgical requirements. Instruction in the Diseases

1 This list of the institutions recognised by the Conjoint Board ofIreland is supplemented in the regulations of the Colleges by thosehospitals mentioned as recognised institutions in Scotland and England.The recognised facilities for clinical instruction in Belfast, Cork, andGalway have been described in connexion with the Belfast and NationalUniversities.

of Women is given on Tuesdays and Fridays at 10 A.M.There is a special wing devoted to fever cases. Pathologicaland Bacteriological Demonstrations will be given on

Fridays at 10.30 A.M., when theie is suitable material,during the Winter and Summer Sessions in the new

Pathological Laboratory. A new department has been

opened for the special treatment of Throat, Nose, andEar Diseases under the direction of Dr. R. H. Woods.Instruction will be given in these subjects and in the useof the Laryngoscope and Otoscope to senior students on

Mondays and Thursdays. Arrangements have been madeto give practical instruction in anaesthetics to seniorstudents. Practical demonstrations are given in Dentistryon Wednesdays in the new Special Dispensary. Oppor-tunities are given the members of the hospital class of

seeing the various applications of the X rays to the diagnosisand treatment of injury and disease. Opportunities are alsoafforded in the out-patient department for the diagnosis andtreatment of the numerous minor ailments not met with inthe hospital wards. A Resident Surgeon, with salary, is

appointed annually. The election takes place at the end ofDecember. Five Resident Pupils are appointed each half-year. Six Surgical Dressers and six Clinical Clerks are

appointed each month.Prizes and Medals.-Clinical medals and prizes amounting

to about £ 15 each will be awarded in Medicine and in Surgeryrespectively in accordance with the will of the late Rev.Samuel Haughton, M.D., S.F.T.C.D. Candidates who failto obtain these medals and prizes will be awarded specialcertificates in Medicine and in Surgery provided they showsufficient merit. The next examination will be held in

April, 1913.Fees.-Winter and summer session, £12 12s. ; ; winter

session (six months), £8 8s. ; and summer session (threemonths), £5 5 5s. Special certificate in anaesthetics,Rl ls. The practice of this hospital is open to studentsof medicine in attendance on schools other than theSchool of Physic, the certificates being recognised bythe Royal University and Royal Colleges of Surgeons ofEngland, Ireland, and Scotland.

Consulting Physicians: Dr. J. M. Purser and Dr. J. MageeFinny. Physicians: Dr. W. G. Smith, Dr. H. C. Drury,Dr. James Craig, and Dr. T. Henry Wilson. Assistant

Physician: Dr. E. J. Watson. Surgeons: Sir Charles B. Ball,Bart., Dr. E. H. Taylor, and Dr. C. A. K. Ball. Pathologist:Dr. A. C. O’Sullivan. Department for Throat, Nose, and Ear:Dr. R. H. Woods. Assistant Surgeon : Dr. C. M. Benson.X Ray Department: Dr. E. J. Watson. Anæsthetist : Dr.W. C. P. Smyly. Dentist : Mr. J. I. Kelly. House Surgeon :Dr. R. P. Po lard.

Further information will be supplied by the Hon.

Secretary to the Medical Board, Dr. H. C. Drury.JERVIS-STREET HOSPITAL, Dublin.-Founded 1718 ; re-

built 1886. 130 beds. A new out-patient department has beencompleted and contains all modern requirements. Physicians:Dr. F. X. Callaghan and Dr. R. J. Rowlette. Surgeons :Mr. W. Stoker, Mr. L. A. Byrne, Mr. J. L. Keegan, andMr. P. Hayden. Assistant Surgeon: Mr. T. W. Conway.X Rayist: Dr. H. W. Mason. Gynaecologist: Dr. McArdle.Ophthalmic Surgeon : Mr. P. Maxwell. Pathologist: Mr.E. J. McWeeney. Dentist: Mr. A. K. MacDonald. Anass-tbetist : Mr. J. Daniel, L.R.C.S.I. Secretary: Mr. KiernanO’Dea.MATER MISERICORDIÆ HOSPITAL, Dublin.—Physicians : _

Sir Christopher Nixon, Bart., Sir Joseph Redmond, Dr.John Murphy, and Dr. Martin Dempsey. Surgeons: SirArthur Chance, Sir John Lentaigne, and Mr. AlexanderBlayney. Assistant Physician: Dr. John O’Donnell.Assistant Surgeon : Mr. D. Farnan. Gynaecologist: Dr.Robert Farnan. Ophthalmic Surgeon: Mr. Louis Werner.Surgeon for Diseases of Throat and Nose : Mr. PatrickDempsey. Dental Surgeon: Mr. E. Sheridan. Patho-logist : Professor Edmond McWeeney. Assistant Patho-logist : Dr. W. D. O’Kelly. X Rayist: Mr. MauriceHayes. Anxsthetist and Surgical Registrar: Dr. PatrickO’Farrell. This hospital, the largest in Dublin.containing 345 beds, is open at all hours for the re-

ception of accidents and urgent cases. Clinical in-struction will be given by the Physicians and Surgeonsat 9 A.M. daily. A course of Clinical Instruction on Feverwill be given during the winter and summer sessions.

A certificate of attendance upon this course, to meet

634 HOSPITALS RECOGNISED BY IRISH UNIVERSITIES & CORPORATIONS.

the requirements of the licensing bodies, may beobtained. Ophthalmic Surgery will be taught in the

Special Wards and in the Dispensary. Surgical Opera-tions will be performed daily. Connected with the hos-pital are extensive Dispensaries, which afford valuableopportunities for the study of general Medical and Sur-gical Diseases, and Accidents. Instruction will be givenon Pathology and Bacteriology. Three House Physicians,six House Surgeons, and 20 resident pupils will be electedannually. Dressers and Clinical Clerks will also be appointed,and certificates will be given to those who perform theirduties to the satisfaction of the staff. Leonard Prizes willbe offered for competition annually. For further particularssee prospectus. Certificates of attendance upon this hospitalare recognised by all the Universities and licensing bodies inthe United Kingdom. Private Wards have been opened forthe reception of Medical and Surgical cases. A TrainingSchool and a Home for Trained Nurses have been opened inconnexion with the Hospital.

Terms of attendance.-Nine months, £12 12s. ; six wintermonths, 98 8s. three summer months, f.5 5s. Entries canbe made with any of the physicians or surgeons, or with theRegistrar, Dr. Martin Dempsey, 35, Merrion-square. A

prospectus containing in detail the arrangements for ClinicalInstruction, Prizes, &c., may be obtained from the Secretary,Medical Board.

MEATH HOSPITAL AND COUNTY DUBLIN INFIRMARY.-

Physicians : Sir John William Moore, Dr. Edward E.Lennon, and Dr. William Boxwell. Surgeons: Sir L. H.

Ormsby, Mr. William Taylor, Mr. R. Lane Joynt, Dr.Oliver St. J. Gogarty, and Mr. Henry Stokes. Gynaecologist:Dr. F. W. Kidd. Clinical Assistant: Dr. Mather Thomson.

Pathologist: Professor Arthur H. White. House Surgeons :Dr. Maurice S. Moore and Dr. Gerald Beckett. This

hospital was founded in 1753 and now contains 146 bedsavailable for clinical teaching. A building containing 40beds for the isolated treatment of fevers is attached to the

hospital. The certificates of this hospital are recognised byall the universities and licensing bodies of the United

Kingdom. Six Medical Clinical Clerks and 12 SurgicalResident Pupils and Dressers are appointed every six months,and House Surgeons and Clinical Assistants are elected

annually. The session will open on Oct. 1st. A prospectusgiving the complete arrangements for the Medical andSurgical classes for the coming session may be obtained fromthe Secretary of the Medical Board, Mr. Henry Stokes,32. Upper Fitzwilliam-street, Dublin.MERCER’S HOSPITAL.-This hospital, founded in 1734, is

situated in the centre of Dublin, in the immediate vicinityof the Schools of Surgery of the Royal College of Surgeons,the Catholic University School of Medicine, and within fiveminutes’ walk of Trinity College. It contains 120 beds formedical and surgical cases, and arrangements have beenmade with the medical officers of Cork-street Fever Hospitalwhereby all students of this hospital are entitled to attendthe clinical instruction of that institution and becomeeligible for the posts of Resident Pupil, &c. There are a

large out-patient department and a special departmentfor diseases peculiar to women. There are also specialwards for the treatment and study of children’s diseases.

During the past few years the hospital has undergoneextensive alterations in order to bring it up to modern

requirements.Appointinents.-A House Surgeon is appointed annually.

Five Resident Pupils, each for six months, and ClinicalClerks and Dressers are appointed monthly from amongstthe most deserving members of the class.

Fees.—Winter, six months, .f:8 8 8s. ; Summer, three months,95 5s. ; nine months, S12 12s.

Consulting Physician : Dr. J. Magee Finny. ConsultingSurgeon: Vacant. Consulting Gynæcologist: Dr. J. H.Glenn. Consulting Ophthalmic Surgeon: Mr. J. B.Story. Physicians : Dr. E. L’Estrange Ledwich andDr. J. Lumsden. Surgeons : Mr. R. C. B. Maunsell, Mr.S. S. Pringle, and Mr. W. Ireland de C. Wheeler. Gynocco-logist : Dr. A. N. Holmes. Radiologist: Dr. W. H,Mason. Pathologist: Dr. J. T. Wigham.

For further particulars apply to Mr. Seton Pringle,Hon. Sec., Medical Board, 27, Lower Baggot-street,Dublin.

NATIONAL MATERNITY HOSPITAL, Holles-street, Dublin.-Established 1894. Masters: Dr. A. J. Horne and Dr. R. J.White. Intern cases, 1007 ; extern cases, 1260 ; dispensarycases, 4447. Comforthble quarters have been recentlyprovided for students, and a large number of cases at the-hospital give great opportunities for practical work. Arrange-ments are also made for post-graduate and special courses.Certificates of attendance at the hospital are recognised byall the licensing bodies. For further particulars apply to the-Masters.RICHMOND, WHITWORTH, AND HARDWICKE HOSPITALS,

North Brunswick-street, Dublin.-These hospitals contain224 beds-87 for Surgical cases, 60 for Medical cases, and77 for Fever and other Epidemic Diseases. A Resident

Physician and a Resident Surgeon are appointed each halfyear and are paid for their services. 12 Resident Clinical’Clerks are appointed each quarter and provided withfurnished apartments, fuel, &c. These appointments ar&

open not only to advanced Students but also to those whoare qualified in Medicine and Surgery. The Dressers areselected from among the best qualified of the pupils without.the payment of any additional fee. For prospectuses applyto Dr. Travers Smith, Hon. Secretary, 20, Lower Fitz-william-street, Dublin.ROTUNDA HOSPITAL, Dublin.-This institution is the

largest combined gynæcological and maternity hospital inthe British Empire. Qualified men who take out a course oftwo months’ duration obtain (if they show keenness andcapacity) one or more forceps applications, perineorrhaphies,&c., and a certain number of minor gynaecological operations.Students can enter at any time for the practice of the hospitaland have access, not alone to the maternity and gynae-cological wards, but also to the pathological laboratoryattached to the hospital. The residential quarters haveundergone considerable improvement and afford comfortableaccommodation. Valuable appointments are periodicallyfilled by qualified students who have obtained the hospitaldiploma. Women students can reside in the hospital onterms similar to those enjoyed by men. Master : Dr. HenryJellett. Assistants : Dr. Allan and Dr. Madill. Patho-

logist : Dr. R. J. Rowlette. Extern Assistants: Dr. J. L.Scott, Dr. H. J. Harpur, and Dr. English. For further

particulars apply to Dr. Henry Jellett, Master.ROYAL CITY OF DUBLIN HOSPITAL.-Founded 1832 r

enlarged 1851; rebuilt 1893. 124 beds. Consulting Physician:Sir Hawtrey Benson. Physicians: Dr. A. R. Parsons andDr. T. G. Moorhead. Surgeons : Mr. G. J. Johnston, Mr.H. Moore, and Mr. R. A. Stoney. Ophthalmic and AuralSurgeon: Mr. A. H. Benson. Gynaecologist: Mr. G. Fitz-gibbon. Anaesthetist: Mr. G. P. Meldon. Dental Surgeon :Mr. D. L. Rogers. Secretary: Mr. Edw. B. Armstrong.ROYAL VICTORIA EYE AND EAR HOSPITAL, Dublin.-

Established 1844. Incorporated 1897. 82 beds. ConsultingPhysicians: Dr. J. Little and Dr. R. A. Hayes. Con-

sulting Dental Surgeon: Mr. A. W. W. Baker. Surgeons :Sir Henry Swanzy, Mr. J. B. Story. and Mr. Arthur H.Benson. Junior Surgeon : Mr. P. W. Maxwell. Assistant.Surgeons: Mr. L. Werner, Mr. H. C. Mooney, and Mr. F. C.Crawley. Clinical Assistant: Miss K. F. Lynn. Surgeonto Dispensary for Throat: Dr. T. 0. Graham. Surgica)Radiographer: Mr. W. S. Haughton. Registrar: Mr. E.Parker. In-patients, 1426 ; out-patients, 10,132. Twohouse surgeons appointed annually.

DR. STEEVENS’ HOSPITAL, Dublin. -Established 1720.200 beds. Consulting Physicians : Dr. J. Little, Dr. J. M.Purser, and Dr. H. C. Tweedy. Consulting Surgeon: SirC. B. Ball. Physicians: Dr. R. A. Hayes, Dr. T. P. C.Kirkpatrick, and Dr. W. A. Winter. Assistant Physician:Dr. J. J. Purser. Surgeons : Mr. R. B. McCausland, Mr.R. L. Swan, Mr. W. S. Haughton, and Mr. W. C. Stevenson.Anxsthetist: Dr. F. O’Brien Kennedy. Obstetric Physicianand Gynaecologist: Dr. E. H. Tweedy. Ophthalmic andAural Surgeon : Mr. J. B. Story. Pathologist: Dr. W. M.Crofton. Dental Surgeon : Mr. G. M. P. Murray. Resident.Surgeon : Dr. H. C. Smyth. Secretary : Mr. G. E. Pepper.Patients, 1571.

ST. VINCENT’S HOSPITAL AND DISPENSARY, Dublin.-Established 1834. 160 beds. Physicians and Lecturers onMedicine: Dr. M. F. Cox, Dr. M. McHugh, and Dr. W. J.Dargan. Physician for Extern Department: Dr. J. Meenan.Surgeons and Lecturers on Surgery: Mr. J. S. McArdle, Mr.

635THE NAVAL, MILITARY, AND INDIAN MEDICAL SERVICES.

H. F. Tobin, and Mr. D. J. Kennedy. Surgeon to ExternDepartment : Mr. H. Meade. Gynaecologist and Lecturer onGynæcology : Mr. A. J. Smith. Pathologist and Lectureron Pathology : Dr. T. T. O’Farrell. Surgeon-Dentist andLecturer on Dentistry : Mr. J. J. Murphy. Pharmacist andLecturer on Pharmacy : R. Shaw.

UNIVERSITY OF BRUSSELS.i British and other practitioners holding registrable quali-teations are admitted to the examination for the Doctorateof the University of Brussels without further curriculum.It is essentially a practitioner’s examination and is separatefrom that intended for the Belgian students who take up the- medical curriculum of the University. The fees are-Formatriculation, Z8 8 12s ; for lst Part, B4 4 4s. ; for 2nd Part,,;E4 4 8s. ; for 3rd Part, .64 4 8s. ; for legalisation of diploma, 8s. -total, £22. Candidates who have paid in advance the fees forthe three examinations, and are unsuccessful in the first, re-cover the fees paid for the second and third ; those who failin the second recover the fees paid for the third examination.Unsuccessful candidates are allowed to come up again threemonths after rejection on payment of examination fees only,provided this second appearance be in the course of the same:academical year (Oct. lst to June 30th), otherwise theymust renew the payment of the matriculation fee of E3 12s.The examination consists of three parts, viz.-1st Part:’General Medicine; Materia Medica and Pharmacology; Gene-ral Surgery ; and Theory of Midwifery. 2nd Part: General

Therapeutics; Pathology and Morbid Anatomy, with use ofthe microscope ; Special Therapeutics and Medicine ofInternal Diseases, including Mental Diseases; and SpecialSurgery. 3rd Part: Public and Private Hygiene; Medical.Jurisprudence; Clinical Medicine; Clinical Surgery ; examina-tion in Operative Surgery, consisting of some of the usualoperations on the dead subject-viz., Amputation, Ligatureof an Artery, &c.; Ophthalmology ; examination in Mid-

wifery, consisting in obstetrical operation on the mannikin(model of pelvis) ; and examination in Regional Anatomywith Dissection. The time required for the three- examinations seldom exceeds ten days, and is usuallyless. Candidates have the option of passing each partseparately, or of taking the three together, and the latter isthe usual course ; also of demanding a written examinationon payment of an additional fee of one guinea for eachpart, a rule of which candidates rarely or never avail them-selves. The examinations, which are vivd voce, begin on thefirst Tuesday in November, December, March, May, andmiddle June. Candidates should appear with their medicalregistration certificate or their diplomas at the Secretary’sOffice not later than 2 P.M. on the dav preceding the’examination. Most of the examiners speak English, and thosewho do not examine through the medium of an interpreter.Great importance is attached to practical knowledge, butcandidates must also possess sound theoretical knowledge,the standard required varying with the subject. Pathologicaland other specimens are not usually shown. There arein England at present over 600 graduates holding this

degree, and a British Association of Brussels MedicalGraduates has been in existence for many years. Appli-cations should be made to the Secretary, 14, Rue desSols, Brussels; or to Dr. Arthur Haydon. Secretary of the Brussels Medical Graduates’ Association, 23, Henrietta-street,Cavendish-square, London, W.

THE NAVAL, MILITARY, AND INDIANMEDICAL SERVICES.

THE conditions of service in the medical departments ofthe Army and Indian Army remain, with certain modi-fications, the same as for 1911; but the conditions ofmedical service in the Royal Navy have been further modified,chiefly in regard to improved professional training.An Order in Council was issued on August 8th, 1911,

based, it is understood, on the report of Sir John Durnford’sCommittee, appointed three years ago. This Order, wefear, was a disappointment to all but the senior officers Iof the Service. The old ranks of inspector and deputy in-spector-general became surgeon and deputy surgeon-general,as they used to be in the army. Pay was increased by 18. or2:. daily every year or two till 26 years’ service, when it is£1 15s. a day, and for fleet-surgeons does not rise any

higher. Deputy Surgeons-General now get £2 5s. daily.Senior medical officers of battleships and cruisers with com-plements of 650 and upwards get 3s. 6d. daily charge pay,which is very right and has often been asked for. Chargepay is now given more freely. The surgeon who passesthe staff surgeon’s examination at his first attempt maysecure 18 months’ earlier promotion by getting a specialcertificate (or 12 months’ if he only attains a first class), pro-vided the Admiralty thinks him deserving and the director-general does not reduce the period. A surgeon who has

passed this examination before eight years may, as at present,retire with a gratuity of S1000 if he so choose ; but if he hasnot passed at eight years he will be compulsorily retired onany gratuity the Admiralty thinks right, not exceeding f:500.We would strongly urge on the authorities the advisability

of removing the still existing legitimate grievances ; thereforms could for the most part be effected at the expense oflittle but tact and a consideration of what is justly due tothe naval medical officers. Every naval medical officer whohas written to our columns, and this is not a small number,has expressed dissatisfaction with the position in whichthe cabin question has been left by recent regulations.AlIGtment to the medical officer of cabin accommodationinferior to that to which he is entitled still takes place,and cannot, at any rate cannot always, be explained bythe eramped space on that elaborate box of tricks, a

modern man-of-war. Another innovation sadly wanted is aregulation to ensure that the senior medical officersin hospitals should have proper disciplinary power overtheir subordinates and patients. Other points, suchas the supply and use of boats, for example,might well be settled in accordance with the justdesires of the Naval Medical Service, for the Admiraltywill be prudent to aim at making the Service more

popular. And the same may be said of all threeservices. For that there is now no competition for com-missions in the Naval Medical Service and no keen com-

petition for those in the Army Medical Corps or the IndianMedical Service seems undeniable, and this is the more un-fortunate a position since fewer men are now entering themedical profession as a whole. It is no longer easy for allhospitals to obtain suitable residents, while assistants are

scarce and even junior partners are not to be found directlythey are wanted. The Services will therefore have to becareful to increase their popularity, and the point is thatit may be economical of them to do so now. Bysmall concessions they may be avoiding having laterto pay a heavy price to attract men. We would also

suggest that it is unwise to let any of these departmentsrun below the normal strength if it is possible to maintainthem at par.Though reform may be wanted in the Naval Medical

Service, its present state is not without material advan-

tages. At one time not so very long ago the Naval MedicalService was not looked upon as one in which an educatedgentleman could serve with dignity, while complaints wereheard of many of the conditions of service. But the oldorder of things is giving place to the new, and a com-

parison of the lot of the naval medical officer withthat of the civil practitioner will show that the trialsof the civil branch of the profession are greater thanthose of the naval branch, and probably when all thingsare considered the naval surgeon is in a far better posi-tion than the average lay professional man. In the

junior ranks of the Service the pay is better thanthe average income of the lay medical man of thesame age, and promotion is not always slow. WithZ20 a month the young naval surgeon can, if he isnot extravagant, get along very comfortably, though hewill require at the commencement of his career £50 or E60for outfit. A private income is certainly not necessary. After20 years of service a naval surgeon is entitled to a pensionof k365 a year, which compares very favourably with theprospects of many medical men on the civil side of the pro-fession, and in case of illness there is the half-pay rate,while pensions are provided for widows and children.In this way the young naval officer is relieved of the mostserious anxiety which can press upon a married man, buthe ought not to marry young without due consideration, awarning which, however, applies to most medical men.

With regard to the Medical Services of the Army and IndianArmy, a comparison with that of the Navy shows that

though the Army and Indian Service are better paid,