HOW TO IMPROVE TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM? E X T R E M E E V E N T S

Amir MirmiranDean and Professor

College of Engineering and ComputingFlorida International University

Miami, FL

OUTLINE

INFRASTRUCTURE AND THE COMMUNITY

Natural Systems

Physical Infrastruc

ture

Human Services

UrbanCommunity

INFRASTRUCTURE SYSTEMSCritical

FacilitiesCommunicati

onOil and Gas

Power GridWater & Sewer

Transportation

SYSTEM INTERDEPENDENCIES

NEES WORKSHOP JULY 06NEES WORKSHOP JULY 06O’Rourke (2007)

MCDANIELS ET AL. (2007)

McDaniels et al. (2007)

Rinaldi, et al. (2007)

SOURCES OF STRESS ON INFRASTRUCTURE

Steady stressors Aging, fatigue and deterioration =>

Capacity Population growth and developments =>

Demand Transient stressors

Natural hazards Hurricanes, earthquakes, flooding, fire, etc.

Man-made hazards Terrorist attacks

AGING: FATIGUE AND DETERIORATION

HURRICANE IMPACT

EARTHQUAKE IMPACT

LOSSES FROM NATURAL HAZARDS Tornados and Hurricanes - $ 3.5B/yr (far

more after Katrina) – Population in hurricane prone coastal areas is increasing

Floods - $ 5B/yr – Development in flood plains and increase in heavy rains

Earthquakes - $ 4-5B/yr – 39 states and 75m people are exposed to earthquake hazard

IN SEARCH OF SOLUTIONS General approach

Performance-based design Consequence-based risk management

Specific methods Capacity building Hardening Health monitoring

PERFORMANCE-BASED DESIGN Resilience and sustainability measures Life safety versus functionality levels Total cost modeling Redundancy

PERFORMANCE-BASED DESIGN

Structures Magazine

CONSEQUENCE-BASED RISK MANAGEMENT

Stressor Level*Engineering Limit

StateSocio-Economic

Limit StateNo. Hurricane

Category

Gust Speed (mph)

Return Period (yr)

I 1 or T.S. < 100 < 30 Insignificant Damage Continued Operation

II 2 or 3 101 – 140 31 – 100 Repairable Damage Limited

Economic Loss

III 4 or 5 > 140 > 100 Extensive Damage Prevention

Life Loss Prevention

FULL-SCALE HURRICANE TESTING

INFRASTRUCTURE COMPONENT TESTING

Chowdhury/Bitsuamlak (FIU)

ADVANCED MATERIALS High performance materials (steel, concrete) Fiber reinforced polymers Engineered cementitious composites Shape memory alloys Self healing concrete

ADVANCED MATERIALS

Mirmiran et al. (2007)

NEXT GENERATION OF EQ-RES. BRIDGES

Saiidi (Nevada)

SYSTEMS - PROBLEM

SYSTEMS - SOLUTION Ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC)-

fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) tubes deck system. Component level analytical and experimental

investigation were performed. Simply supported single span beams with typical

width of 12 in. were designed and tested.

SELF HEALING CONCRETE

Victor Li (U. Mich.)

HARDENING

HARDENING

HEALTH MONITORING AT UCF/LEHIGH

HEALTH MONITORING AT MICHIGAN

CONCLUSIONS ASCE report card for infrastructure Challenges are at the interface of

capacity, demand, and expectations Resilience and sustainability are the goals

Research must be integrative rather than fragmental

Innovations will continue in materials, systems, and monitoring