HWWE2005
Humanizing Work and Work Environment
Proceedings of the international Ergonomics Conference
December 10-12,2005
Edited by
Debkumar Chakrabarti
and
Abhijit Das
r%f
Department of DesignIndian Institute of Technology Guwahati
Guwahati-781 039, Assam, India
TECHNISCHEINFORMAT IOM 5 S i 61. Hjr\:
UNIVERSITATS8!BL;OTM'
HANNOVER
ALLIED PUBLISHERS PRIVATE LIMITED
NEW DELHI • MUMBAI • KOLKATA • CHENNAI • NAGPUR
AHMEDABAD • BANGALORE • HYDERABAD • LUCKNOW
CONTENTS
Preface
Conference Addresses
1. HWWE 2005 Inaugural AddressW. Selvamurthy
2. IEA Presidential Address
Pierre Falzon
Plenary Lectures
3. HWWE 2005 Presidential Address
P.K. Nag
4. Technological Advances and Ergonomics in Indian Office Environment
G.G. Ray
Keynote Addresses
5. Design Paradigm: A New Approach in Ergonomics StudyAmit Ray
6. Do Industrial Back Belts Reduce Back Injury Risk in Manual Material Handling
Arijit K. Sengupta and Ryan J. Brown
7. Effect of Spatial Factors on Isokinetic Push, Pull, Push-Up and Pull-Down
StrengthsBiman Das and Pornsiri Jongkol
8. Bending the Knees-+More than just Biomechanical Reasons in LiftingGarry T. Allison
9. Facilitation of Practical Workplace Improvements through ParticipatoryAction-Oriented TrainingKazutaka Kogi
10 Design and Human Factors in Recreational DivingNoemi Bitterman
11. A Hierarchy of Risk Control Measures for Prevention of Work-Related
Musculoskeletal Disorders (WMSDS)Wendy Macdonald
12. Ergonomical Intervention for Safety Management Systems in Steel Industries
D. Mahata
13. International Development of Ergonomics—AnIEA PerspectiveDavid C. Caple
14. Application of Ergonomics in Indian Industry—AScenerio Today 65
RC. Ghosh
15. Development of an Interdisciplinary Curriculum: Instructional Examples from 69
Usability Engineering and HCI Courses at IITG
Pradeep Yammiyavar
16. International Ergonomics Standards—A Status 79
Amitabha De
17. Upper Extremities and Low Back Pain Studies 86
Arun Garg
18. Can We Measure Localized Muscle Fatigue? 97
Shrawan Kumar
19. Human Performance Evaluation Methodology 103
Asis Goswami
20. Discovering SkeletaiJoe Median 112
Justin Magee, Brian MC Cleiland and John Winder
Session I
21. Bus Priority Traffic Signal Coordination for Sustainable Transport—An Analytical 121
ApproachAbhimanyu Godara and Joseph Fazio
22. Work Posture and Health: AStudy on Sri J.N.P.G. College Teachers, Lucknow 125
City, (U.P.)Alok Chantia
23. Discrimination and Violence Against Women 129
Sunil Saini and Sangeeta Trama
24. Design: AMode of Visual Language in Mughal Architecture 135
Meghali Goswami Nandi, Ha Gupta and P. Jha
25. An Approach to Specify Informal Sitting in Classroom 144
Sharmistha Banerjee, Kirti Meera Goel, Debkumar Chakrabarti andAbhijit Das
26. Designing a Vestibulator for Cerebral Palsy Children 149
S.A. Hosseini and G. G. Ray
27. Design of a Visual Choice Reaction Timer for Human Visual Response Detection 155
Suvankar Saha, N.K. Rana and GG. Ray
28. Visual-Field Superiority as a Function of Stimulus Type and Content with Respect 160
to Feedback of KnowledgeAnamitra Basu and Sonia Munjal
29. An Acoustical Enclosure for Noise Control of a Domestic Mixer Grinder 168
Yogesh Kumar Baghel and Dibakar Sen
30. Economically Favorable Hospital Management Information System (HMIS) 174
in Government Hospitals of West Bengal: A Case StudyDevesh Mishra, Malancha Gupta, Sadhan Kumar De and Debasis Mullick
31. Ergonomic Considerations in Process Modification of a Continuous Mixer for 180
No-Bake Sand Mould Preparation for Metal Casting FoundryR.R. Kundu, R. Majumder, S.K. Sanyal, J. Saha, B.N. Lahiri and B.K. Basak
viii
32. Mapping of Glare Affected Region (GAR) on an Eyewear for Selective Glare 186
Protection in Night DrivingAshish Gupta and Dibakar Sen
33. Stressed Speech Analysis for Ergonomic Design 195
G. Senthil Raja and S. Dandapat
Session II
34. Parameters for Economically Fit Sewing Machine Work Station using Worker's 205
PerceptionsBalraj Singh, Chandandeep Singh and Kuideep Sareen
35. Absence of Ergonomics in a Hand-Cart 212
Ameya S. Khandekar
36. Haddon Matrix Approach for FaultAnalysis and CybemeticApproach to Identify 217
the Potential Variables for Operational Control: A Case Study
Atmadeep Mazumdar, K.N. Sen and B.N. Lahiri
37. Experimental Determination of Thumb Workspace 223
Amit Kumar Singh and Dibakar Sen
38. Measurement of Operator's Workplace and Control Locations of Some 229
Indian Tractors
Ashish Kumar Shrivastava, Atul Kumar Shrivastava,
C.R. Mehta and M.M. Pandey
39. Public Health Risks Associated with Ready-to-Eat Foods 235
Reefa Dwivedi, Sangeeta Tripathi and Mini Sheth
40. Effect of Environmental Stressors (Noise & Illumination) on Operators 240
Performing Manual Machining OperationsM. Muzammil, Fauzia Siddiqui and Faisal Hasan
41. Development of a Common Seat Mounting Device for Different Makes of 245
Tractor Seats and their Comparative StudyK.K. Jain, C.R. Mehta, A.K. Shrivastava and S. Pharade
42. Enabling Environments for the Mobility Impaired in Rural Areas 252
Gaurav Raheja, S.Y. Kulkarni and S.C. Handa
43. A Study on Workstation Design related Musculoskeletal Disorders of the 257
Goldsmiths in West Bengal, India
Tirthankar Ghosh and Somnath Gangopadhyay
44. Scope and Benefits of Dynamic Visual Interface on the Development of Web 263
Based Applications
Mayank Tiwari
45. Informational Ergonomics in Product Design: An Information Integrity 268
View
M.S. Mali, S.P. Kallurkar and V.V. Mandke
46. Modulating Play Environment to Induce Social Play for Children with 275
Autism
Divya Gupta, A. Bosnjak, R.M. Punekar and Shabina Ahmed
ix
Session III
47. A Critical Evaluation of the Probable Causes of Musculoskeletal Disorders 283
Prevalent among the Manual Material Handling Workers ofA Construction IndustryTamal Das and Somnath Gangopadhyay
48. Analysis of Causes Behind Iron Foundry Accidents in West Bengal, India 288
Goutam Ghoshal and Somnath Gangopadhyay
49. Ergonomic Study of Bus Conductor 293
Raja Kumar Kanajam
50. Comparative Study of Peak Expiratory Flow Rate among the Child Labour in 297
West Bengal, India
•Banibrata Das and Somnath Gangopadhyay
51. Mothers—The Committed and Unpaid Workers as Facilitators for Improving 305
Problem Solving Skills in Children
K. Madhavi Latha and C. Beena
52. Aerobic Capacity of Young Indian Adult Male 311
S. Ghosh, V. Sudharani, U. Dhar, C. Savanur, R. Salve and Amitabha De
53. Applicability of Borg's RPE Scale to Indian Adult Males 316
V. Sudharani, S. Ghosh, U. Dhar, C. Savanur and Amitabha De
54. A Study to Identify the Nature of Fatigue Among the Workers of Jewellery 322
Industries; Traditional Manufacturing Sector and Modern Manufacturing Sector
U. Dhar, C. Savanur, S. Ghosh, S. Want, R. Salve and Amitabha De
55. A Comparative Study of Musculoskeletal Disorders among Coal Mine Workers, 327
Cold Storage Workers and Office Workers
Sumanta Banerjee, Soudeep Kr. Sau, Annu Verghase,A.K. Ghosh and Prakash Dhara
56. Work Related Stress of Brick Making Workers 334
Soudeep Kr. Sau, Sumanta Banerjee and Prakash Ch. Dhara
57. Physiological Cost of Activities Performed by Women Farmer in Organic Farming 341
Kanak Chauhan, Veena Gandotera and Promila Sherma
58. Physiological and AHPAssessment of Improved Working Conditions of Certain 348
Occupation Related Musculo-Skeletal Disorders
Rajeev Kumar Upadhyay, Padam Das and P.K. Saxena
Session IV
59. To Study the Hazardous Manual Lifting Task through the Revised NIOSH Lifting 363
Equation 1991
,V.S. Dhyani and P. Sharma
60. Human Factors Issues in Selected Activity in Beauty Parlors 369
S. Paulomi Dalai and Manjari Acharya
61. Determination of Optimum Work Surface Heights for Kitchen Based on 371
Ergonomic PrinciplesNidhi Chaudhary and Deepa Vinay
x
62. Ergonomic Assessment of Bar Cutting Process in Construction 376
G. Swami Prasad and Venkatesh Balasubramanian
63. An EMG Based Ergonomic Evaluation of Chairs for Computer Related Works 381
K. Adalarasu and Venkatesh Balasubramanian
64. Ergonomic Assessment of Computer Workplace in ITES Establishment and 387
Educational Institution
S.K.M. Varadhan, G. Swami Prasad, 7.7. Narendran and
Venkatesh Balasubramanian
65. An EMG Based Muscle Fatigue Analysis of Computer Game Players 392
J. Srinivasan and Venkatesh Balasubramanian
66. The Importance of Correct Pencil Grip for Children of Age Group between 398
2-3 Years
Riddhi Jaydeo Chokhawala andAmit Ray
67. Occupational Burnout and Related Factors among Health Care Workers (HCWS) 403
Working In HospitalsSmriti Krishna and Veena Gandotra
68. Till the Last Drop: Ergonomic Issues of Handling Liquid Pouches for Domestic 409
Usage
Anindya Kastha and Amit Ray
69. Application of System Usability Scale (SUS) for Evaluation of Classroom Chairs 414
with Writing Tablets
C. Savanur, U. Dhar, S. Wani, R. Salve, C. Jadhav
A. Bhagavatula andAmitabha De
70. Redesign of Free Force Sensor Pinching Unit: GRASP 422
Aakash Kumar, Ruchin Chaudhary, Niels Smaby,Mary Elise Johanson, Eric Topp and Wendy Murray
71. HCI For Children-An Ergonomic Approach 427
Shibika Chaudhary and Amit Ray
72. Product-Service-Systems: The Im-materialistic Interaction Towards Sustainability 433
Sukanta Biswas, P.K. Patel and Ha Gupta
73. An Ergonomic Approach for Designing a Trowel, A Mason's Hand Tool 438
Subrata Dutta, Piyasi Pal, Soudeep Kr. Sau, Sumanta Banerjee and
Prakash Ch. Dhara
Session V
Design, HCI and Usability Engineering - I
74. Examining the Effect of Web Design Convention on Site's Persuasive Qualities 447
Achmad Syarief and Haruo Hibino
75. Interactive Learning Environments in Higher Education—A Critical Study 453
Abraham George and Susan Abraham
76. Computer Ergonomics: Relooking at Machines Vs. Environment 462
K. Chandra Sekharaiah, Md. Abdul Muqsit Khan and Upakaram Gopal
77. Efficacy of a Redesigned Cycle Rickshaw 470
C.K. Pradhan, S. Thakur and A. Roy Chowdhury
xi
78. Holistic Ergonomic Design of Call Centers: A Case Study Approach 475
K. Kranthi
79. Estimation of Peak Pressure Points in a Normal Plantar Pressure Distribution 482
Using EMED SystemN.K. Rana and G.G. Ray
80. Ergonomic Product Design Model Based on a Quality Function Deployment 487
Design SystemTushar N. Desai
Session VI
Occupational Stress, Hazards, Safety and Health Management - I
81. Integrated System for the Health, Safety and Environment 497
Miroljub D. Grozdanovic, Evica I. Stojiljkovic and Dragutin M. Grozdanovic
82. Computer Work, Related Stressors and their Avoidance-A Study 502
Minakshi Grover, Sudesh Gandhi and Praveen Sardana
83. Optimization of Quality of Life of Brick-Kiln Workers Sufering from 507
Non-Communicable Diseases
Sanjay Srivastava and Yogesh Kumar Anand
84. Occupational Disorders among Fish Processing Industry Workers: A Cross 512
Sectional StudyE. S. Samuel
85. A Study on Work-Stress and Factors of Dissatisfaction of the Blacksmiths 518
Resulting due to the Difference in Technology Level with the Upper Links of the
Production Chain in Surgical Instrument Industry of West Bengal.
Jisnu Basu, Somnath Gangopadhyay, Tirthankar Ghosh,Goutam Ghoshal and Tamal Das
86. Health Care Practices of Middle Class Indian Households 526
Neerja Jaiswal and Sarjoo Patel
87. Occupational Health Problem of Beedi Workers in India and Ergonomic Intervention 531
R. Iqbal and P. C. Ghosh
Session VII
Women at Work, Home and Society -1
88. Physical Assessment of Punjabi Women for Safe Manual Handling of Domestic, 543
Agricultural and Allied Tasks
P. Sandhu, M. Sidhu and Harshpinder
89. Physical and Mental Health Needs of Women Workers in Informal Sector 549
Santosh Tikoo
90. Job Stress of Urban and Rural Employed Women 554
H.L, Sarambekar and M.S. Kulkarni
91. Functional Clothes for Pregnancy 557
Medha B. Ukalkar and Irfana Siddiqui .
92. Ergonomic Evaluation of Selected Light, Moderate and Heavy Domestic Work 562
for Young Punjabi Women
M. Sidhu, R. Bakhshi and P. Sandhu
xii
93. Occupational Stess and Encountering Coping Strategies used by Working 570
Women of Ludhiana
R. Bakhshi, Nitika Sudha and P. Sandhu
94. Manually Operated Groundnut Decorticators and Work Load of Farm Women: 576
An Ergonomic Assessment
Suma Hasalkar, Rajeshwari Shivalli and Shilpa Nandi
Session VIII
Environmental Ergonomics
95. Study of Workstations from the View of Air Pollutants in (Iran National Steel 585
Industrial Group) Beam Rolling Mills FactoryMasoud Rafiee, A. S. Gadgil, V. S. Ghole, N. Jaffarzadeh and H. Tabesh
96. Ergonomics of Lighting for Reading 591
Sushma Goel
97. Evaluation of Ambient Impulsive Noise Produced by Bursting Variety of 596
Firecrackers
D. Chatterjee and S.K. Dave
98. Assessment of Natural Light and Light from Artificial Sources in Different Zones 603
of Selected Houses in Ludhiana
P. Sandhu, Shweta and Harpinder
99. Effect of Ergonomic Parameters while Watching Television on School Going 612
Children
KavitaDua,BinooSehgalandlnduGrover
100. Carbogen Breathing System for Protection Against Noise Induced Hearing Loss 616
N. Kapoor, A. P. Singh, R.K. Sharma, N. Sadhu and K. Munshi
101. Assessment of the Effect of Noise on the Employees of Academic Institutions 625
Working in Machine Laboratories
M. Muzammil, S. Imran Shafiq and S. Noorul Hasan
102. Eco-Friendly Wool Dyeing with Pipal Bark Extract 630
Sunita Kale and Sangita Naik
103. Influence of Pressure Regulator on Biogas Utilization 637
Vijaya Nambiar and P. Manjula
Session IX
Design, HCI, and Usability Engineering - II
104. Subjective Versus Objective Usability Measuring - Comparison of Two Different 645
Approaches to Assess Ergonomic Quality in Medical Device DesignClaus Backhaus and Wolfgang Friesdorf
105. A Computer Aided Decision Support System to Rate Undergraduate Classrooms 649
D. Ratna Kumari and S. Renuka
106. Innovative Approach for Ergonomic Issues 655
Sumer Singh
107. Ideal Design Guidelines for Undergraduate Classrooms 661
D. Ratnakumari and S. Renuka
xiii
108. Vehicle Design Driven by Packaging and Ergonomics 667
Anindya Deb
109. Apen-TheFolkArtof Uttaranchal 679
Ha Gupta
110. Interface and Accessibility for Visually Handicapped 686
Krishnakant Mane
111. Design Evaluation of Existing Hoe and Basket Used by the Salt Workers 692
Subir Das
112. A Pilot Ergonomics Study on Fabric Washing in Textile Hand Block Printing in 698
JaipurPrabir Mukhopadhyay and Subir Das
Session X
Occupational Stress, Hazards, Safety and Health Management - II
113. Ergonomics Intervention in Soaking Pit during OHSAS: 18001 Certification at 707
Slabbing Mill of Bokaro Steel Plant
T. Pachal, R.K. Pathak and B.S. Sastri
114. Study on the Prevalence of Musculoskeletal Disorders using Poscher Reba 714
Method in the Dentists of Mazandaran Province Central Cities
M.A. Heidari Gorgi, A. Tirgar, H.A. Orimi, A.M. Heidari,N. Nazari Taloki and M. Majidi
115. The Role of Individual Factors on Work Injuries in Mines 720
J. Maiti
116. Laparoscopic Instruments Need User Friendly Handles 725
B.B. Borthakur, P. Nepali, D.K. Shah and M. Borthakur
117. Nutritional Imbalance: A Hidden Cause of Occupational Health Hazards among 731
Women Construction Workers
Deepa Vinay, Suneeta Sharma, Tripali Mandape and Shailija Joshi
118. A Comparative Study on Circadian Variation of Different Physiological 738
Parameters in Female Daytime Workers and Shift Workers
Aparajita Chatterjee and Devashish Sen
Session Papers XI
Anthropometry and Workplace Design
119. Anthropometric and Strength Survey of IndianAgricultural Workers 755
LP. Gite and J. Majumder
120. Assessment of Video Display Terminal (VDTs) Workstation Design of Selected 761
Organizations and its Impact on Health of Users
Suman Singh, Jyoti Wadhwa and Sushma Sinwal
121. Anthropometric Data for Designing Work Surface and Seat Dimensions for 767
Architecture Students
Vrushali Datar and Veena Gandotra
xiv
122. Estimation ofAnthropometric Dimensions Using Multiple Regression Analysis 777
and Artificial Neural Network
Prasanna KumarG.V., K.N. Dewangan, V.S. Deka and M. Deb Barma
123. Body Dimensions and Classroom Furniture Mismatch 783
Shriram Sane, Harshad Mutha and Hemant Bhansali
124. Anthropometry ofAgricultural Workers of Meghalaya 789
R.K.P. Singh, K.N. Agrawal and K.K. Satapathy
125. Comfort Characterization Using Artificial Neural Networks on GSELF-Propelled 798
Rice Transplanter OperationsV.K. Tewari, K.N. Dewangan, K.P. Vidhu, T. Patel and Sourabh Dubey
Session XII
Agricultural Ergonomics -1
126. Development of Scale for Assessing Occupational Health Hazards Among 807
Farm Women
Suman Singh and Sushma Sinwal
127. An Ergonomic Slide Rule 811
V.K. Tewari, K.N. Dewangan and P. Biswas
128. Ergonomics of Rural Women for Manual Threshing Operations of Paddy in 817
Orissa
S.K. Mohanty and G.C. Satapathy
129. Researches in Ergonomics to Humanize Agriculture: An Analysis 823
Sucheta Singh, V. Gandotra and P. Sharma
130. Ergonomic Evaluation of Self-propelled Reapers in Rice Crop with Respect to 827
Safety of OperatorsG.C. Satapathy, S.K. Mohanty and S. Swain
131. Ergonomic Assessment of Cashew Nut Shelling in Orissa: A Case Study 833
S.K. Swain, J.P. Gupta and S.K. Mohanty
132. Ergonomics of Female Workers for Pedal Operated Diaphragm Pump in Orissa 839A.P. Sahu, K.N. Sharma and S.K. Mohanty
133. Occupational Health Hazards Among Indian Agricultural Workers 843
Rekha Vyas and Suman Singh
Session XIII
Posture, Gait and Biomechanics
134. Assessment of Muscular Stress among School Children with the Help of EMG 851
Nirmai Kaur and Deepa Vinay
135. Ergonomic Assessment of Postures Assumed by Workers in Tea Cultivation 856
Nandita Bhattacharyya, Ruplekha Borah,Subhash C. Baruah and Panchami Bhagawati
136. EMG Study of Flight Induced Fatigue of Chetak Helicopter Pilots 862Ashwani Dutt, Shobhit Rai, S. Karthik and Venkatesh Balasubramanian
xv
137. EMG Study of Neck Muscies while Using Standard Issue Helicopter Air
Crew HeadgearShobhit Rai, Ashwani Dutt, S. Karthik and Venkatesh Balasubramanian
138. Electromyography Studies of Workers Involved in Wheat Bundles and Bhusa
Lifting Activities
Ranjit Singh and Kapil Maheshwari
Session XIV
Ergonomics Issues in SSI and Cottage Industries
139. Small Business and Human Factors: Tailoring the Intervention to Suit the Scale
Mark S. Andrew
140. Low-cost Ergonomic Intervention to Improve Occupational Health in MalaysianSmall and Medium Industries (MSMIS)Isa Halim and Abdul Rahman Omar
141. Physiological Stress of Women Engaged in Handloom WeavingRuplekha Borah, B. Bhuyan and M. Kalita
142. Consumer's Behaviour and Attitude towards Products Manufactured by SSI Units
in East Sikkim
Anindita Adhikary and Bedanta Bora
143. Musculoskeletal Problems of Small Scale Industrial Workers in Madurai—
A Situational AnalysisP. Parimalam, N. Kamalamma and A.K. Ganguli
144. Self-Help Groups and Socio-Economic Transformation of Women in East Sikkim
Bedanta Bora
145. Impact of Technological Intervention on the Members of Self-Help GroupsD. Murali, M. S. Kulkarni and H. L Sarambekar
Session XV
Sports and Work Physiology
146. Failed Lower Limb Loading Syndrome—The Mechanisms Underlying Lower Limb
Injuries in Athletes
Garry T. Allison
147. The Effect of Drop Squats (Quadriceps Eccentric Muscle Training) on the
Functional Tests of Knee in Basketball and Volleyball Players: A Controlled
Randomized StudyPavas Jaiswal, R.K Marya, and Jaspal S. Sandhu
148. Effect of Training on Physiological and Biochemical Variables of Young Indian
Hockey PlayersIndranil Manna, Prakash Chandra Dhara and Gulshan Lai Khanna
149. Physiological Evaluation of Workload of a Group of Underground Drillers and
Trammers—A Comparative StudyN.C. Dey A. Samanta and R. Saha
150. Physiological Strain in BaggingPrabir K. Sarkar and Amalendu Samanta
xvi
151. Physiological Strain in River Fishing Task 954
Rajib Biswas and Amalendu Samanta
152. Physical Strain in Sweet Making Activities 959
Prasenjit Saha, Rajib Biswas and Amalendu Samanta
153. Modification of Queen's College Step Test for Prediction of Cardirespiratory Fitness 963in Male and Female University Students—A Comparative StudyA. Bandyopadhyay, S. Chatterjee and P. Chatterjee
154. Effect of Load on Physiological Responses of Bullocks 968D. Behera, A.K. Mohapatra, B.K. Behera and S. Swain
155. Effect of Protein-Carbohydrate Supplementation and Whole Body Resistant 971Exercise on Protein Status of Body Builders
V. Kandpai and K. Sen Ray
Session XVI
Ergonomics Analysis, Assessment and Evaluation
156. Review of Methods for Hazard Assessment 979
Evica I. Stojiljkovic and Miroljub D. Grozdanovic
157. Work Assessment of Concreting Job in Building Construction Female Workers' 985
Activities in India
Rina Maiti
158. Ergonomic Evaluation of Modified Wheel Chair cum Stretcher 996
M.J. Sheikh, U.D. Gulhane and A.M. Fulambarkar
159. Ergonomic Evaluation of Manual Load Lifting in a Lock Manufacturing Industry 1000
M. Muzammil, Saman Ahmad and Faisal Hasan
160. Fuzzy Dominance for Various Ergonomic Parameters for Task Selection in an 1006
Industrial Environment
Rajeev Kumar Upadhyay Padam Das, S.K. Gaur and D.S. Mishra
161. Ergonomic Assessment of Women using Pick Bag in Cotton Picking 1013
Sudesh Gandhi, M. Dilbaghi and Bimla
162. Inspection Activities in Hydraulic Supply Module for Calculating Time and 1019Man Power Analysis: By MOSTTechnique in Mahindra and Mahindra Ltd.,NagpurN. S. Pawar and I. K. Chopde
Session XVII
Agricultural Ergonomics - II
163. An Ergonomic Study for Designing a Manually Drawn Land Leveler 1031
Prakash C. Dhara, Sanjit K. Kar, Soudeep Kr. Sau and Sumanta Banerjee
164. Effect of Work Station Adjustment on Working Posture and Physiological Cost 1037
of Pedal Operated Paddy Thresher Operation for Agricultural Workers of
MeghalayaK.N. Agrawal, E.V. Thomas andK.K. Satapathy
xvii
165. Hand Ridger for Women Workers and Physiological Work Load During its
OperationS.P. Singh, LP Gite and N. Agarwal
166. Drudgery Reduction of Farm Women through Technology Intervention
Chhaya Badiger, Suma Hasalkar and Shobha Huilgoi
167. Reduction of Vibration in Self-Propelled Vertical Conveyor ReaperV.K. Tewari, K.N. Dewangan, B. Sarkar, K.P. Vidhu and T.Patel
168. Ergonomic Evaluation of Newly Developed Weeding Tools
J.P. Zend, S.H. Umrikar, S.N. Yeole and D. Murali
169. Ergonomic Evaluation and Design Modification of Push-Pull Type Weeders
B.K. Behera and S. Swain
170. Ergonomic Evaluation of Maize Cultivation under Hilly ConditionR.K.P. Singh, K.N. Agrawal, K.K. Satapaty and M.M. Selvan
171. Nasa-Task Load Index as a Tool for the Measurement of Workload During PCBased Ground Tasks and Simulated FlyingK.K. Tripathi, C.R. Mukundan, and T. Lazar Mathew
Author Index
Organizing Committee
Advisory Committee
xviii