ICCROM Newsletter 28 - ICCROM.pdf

7/27/2019 ICCROM Newsletter 28 - ICCROM.pdf

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September 2002

ICCROMVia di San Michele, 13

I-00153 Rome, ItalyTelephone: +39-06585531

Fax: +39-06585533 [email protected]. iccrom.org

ICCROM, the International Centre for

the Study of the Preservation and

Restoration of Cultural Property, is an

intergovernmental organization (IGO),

and the only institution of its kind

dedicated to the protection and

preservation of cultural heritage

worldwide, including monuments and

sites, as well as museum, library and

archive collections. ICCROM fulfils its

mission through collecting and

disseminating information; co-

ordinating research; offering

consultancy and advice; providing

advanced training; and promoting

awareness of the value of preserving

cultural heritage. Founded in 1959,

ICCROM now has 104 Member States,

and 103 of the worlds leading

conservation institutions are Associate

Members.

INTERNATIONAL CENTRE FOR THE STUDY OF THE PRESERVATION AND RESTORATION OF CULTURAL PROPERTY

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Office of the Director-GeneralNicholas Stanley-Price, Director-General

P. Richard Lindo, Chief OperatingOfficer

Patrice Simonnet, Liaison Officer(seconded from France)

Pilar House, Personal Assistant tothe Director-General

Franoise Ghin, AssistantSecretary

Vincenzo Alibrandi, SwitchboardOperator/Registrar

Architecture andArchaeological Sites UnitAlejandro Alva Balderrama, UnitDirector

Maria Teresa Jaquinta, ProjectManager

Ernesto Borrelli, Laboratory Co-ordinator

Chiara Lesperance,Administrative Assistant

Rahel Wolde Mikael,Administrative Assistant

Collections UnitCatherine Antomarchi, UnitDirector

Monica Ardemagni, ProjectManager

Rocco Mazzeo, Project Manager

Katriina Simil, Project Manager

Isabelle dAilhaud De Brisis,

Clerk TypistHeritage Settlements UnitHerb Stovel, Unit Director

Joseph King, Senior ProjectManager

Kumiko Shimotsuma, ProjectManager (seconded from Japan)

Marie-France Adolphe,Administrative Assistant

Sonia Widmer, AdministrativeAssistant

Documentation, Library andArchivesMarie-Christine Uginet, Manager

Mara Mata Caravaca, Archivist

Edda Trettin, Librarian

Christine Georgeff, TechnicalAssistance Service/LibraryAssistant

Margaret Ohanessian, LibraryAssistant

Gianna Paganelli, LibraryAssistant

Nicolina Falciglia, Technical

AssistantOffice of Communication andInformationMnica Garca Robles, Head, Weband Data Management (onsecondment to the Government ofPeru)

M. Anna Stewart, Coordinator,Training Information andInternships

Elisa Ortiz, AdministrativeAssistant

Sabina Giuriati, InformationSystems Clerk

Administration and LogisticServicesP. Richard Lindo, Chief OperatingOfficer

Roberto Nahum, InformationSystems Administrator

Alessandro Menicucci, Head ofAccountancy

Anna Berardino, Financial ClerkSally Bolstridge, AccountancyClerk

Maurizio Moriconi, AccountancyClerk

Enrico Carra, Head of Logistics

Pietro Baldi, Logistics Assistant

Fabio Tosti, Messenger and Driver

ICCROM Staff

Academy of Cultural Heritage, Vilnius,Lithuania

Agency for Cultural Affairs, JapanAlvar Aalto Academy and Alvar Aalto

Museum, FinlandAmar Mahal Museum and Library, Jammu,

Jammu and Kashmir, IndiaAssociao Brasileira de Conservadores e

Restauradores de Bens Culturais(ABRACOR), B razil

Bavarian State Conservation Office, GermanyByfornyelse DanmarkCanadian Conservation Institute (CCI)The Catholic University of America,

Washington D.C., U.S.A.Centre de recherches et de restauration des

muses de France (CR2MF), Paris, FranceCentre de recherches sur la conservation

des documents graphiques (CRCDG),Paris, France

Centre International de la Construction en

Terre - Ecole dArchitecture de Grenoble(CRATerre-EAG), FranceCentro de Conservao Integrada Urbana e

Territorial (CECI), Universidade Federal d ePernambuco, Brazil

Centro Interdipartimentale di Scienza eTecnica per la Conservazione delPatrimonio Storico-Architettonico(CISTeC), Italy

Centro Nacional de Conservacin yRestauracin (CNCR), Chile

Centro Ricerche Archeologiche e Scavi diTorino per il Medio Oriente e lAsia(CRAST), Italy

City of Jyvskyl, FinlandConsejo Nacional de Patrimonio Cultural,

CubaConservation Study Institute, National Park

Service, U.S.A.Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR),

ItalyCultural Heritage Protection Co-operation

Office, Asia-Pacific Culture Centre forUNESCO (ACCU), Japan

Curso de Especializao em Conservao eRestaurao de Monumentos e ConjuntosHistricos (CECRE), Faculdade deArquitetura da Universidade Federal daBahia, Brazil

Department of Antiquities, MalawiDepartment of Antiquities, TanzaniaDepartment of Cultural Heritage Protection,

LatviaDiagnostic Center for the Research and

Study of Byzantine Hagiography, GreeceDirection des Muses, Sites et Monuments

du TogoDirection du Patrimoine Culturel du BninDirection du Patrimoine Culturel du Cte

dIvoireDirection du Patrimoine et des Muses du

NigerDirection Gnrale de la Culture, GabonDirection National des Arts et de la Culture

du MaliEcole du Patrimoine Africain (EPA), BeninEcole Nationale dArchitecture et

dUrbanisme (ENAU), TunisiaEcole Nationale du Patrimoine, Institut de

formation des restaurateurs duvresdart (ENP-IFROA), France

Escuela de Estudios Arabes, Granada, Spain

Euromed Heritage Programme, EuropeanCommission

EVTEK Institute of Art and Design,Department of Conservation Studies,Finland

Fondation Pgase, BelgiumFoundation for Scientific and Industrial

Research at the Norwegian Institute ofTechnology (SINTEF), Nor way

The Getty Conservation InstituteThe Getty Grant ProgramGhana Museums and Monuments BoardGroupe dEtudes et des Recherches sur les

Monuments Historiques (GERMH),Morocco

Hewlett Packard, ItalyHochschule fr Bildende Knste Dresden

Studiengang fr Knsttechnologie,Konservierung und Restaurierung,Germany

Hungarian World Heritage Committee

INCO-Med Programme of the EuropeanCommissionInstitut National des Sciences de

lArchologie et du Patrimoine (INSAP),Morocco

Institut Royal du Patrimoine Artistique (IRPA),Belgium

Institute of Archaeology, University CollegeLondon

Instituto de Capacitacin Municipal (ICAM),Quito, Ecuador

Instituto do Patrimnio Histrico e ArtsticoNacional (IPHAN), Brazil

Instituto Portugus de Conservao eRestauro, Lisbon, Portugal

International Blue Shield Committee (ICBS)International Council of Museums (ICOM)International Council on Monuments and

Sites (ICOMOS)International Institute for Conservation of

Historic and Artistic Works (IIC)Istituto Centrale per il Restauro (ICR), ItalyIstituto Universitario di Architettura di

Venezia, ItalyKatholieke Universiteit Leuven, BelgiumLaboratorio Nacional de Engenharia Civil

(LNEC), Port ugalMinistre de la Communication et de la

Culture, AlgeriaMinistry of Cultural Heritage, GreeceMinistry of Cultural Heritage, HungaryMinistry of Cultural Heritage, ItalyMinistry of Culture, Cameroon

Ministry of Culture, Department of CulturalHeritage Protection, Lithuania

Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Department forInternational Development Co-operation,Finland

Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Department ofDevelopment Co-operation, Italy

Ministry of Public Works and the Departmentof Antiquities, Cyprus

Modles et simulations pour larchitecture,lurbanisme et le paysage, Centre nationalde la recherche scientifique, Ministre dela culture et de la communication (UMR-MAP, Ecole dArchitecture de Mars eille),France

National Board of Antiquities, FinlandNational Commission for UNESCO, JordanNational Commission for UNESCO, LatviaNational Commission for UNESCO, Lebanon

The National Gallery, EnglandNational Heritage Board, Tallinn, EstoniaNational Heritage Board, SwedenNational Museums and Monuments of

ZimbabweNational Museum of HungaryNational Museums of KenyaNetherlands Institute for Cultural Heritage

(ICN)Norwegian Agency for Development Co-

operation (NORAD)Norwegian Institute for Cultural Heritage

Research (NIKU)Norwegian University of Science and

Technology (NTNU)Oficina Nacional de Patrimonio Monumental,

Dominican RepublicOld Town Renewal Agency (OTRA), LithuaniaOpificio delle Pietre Dure (OPD), ItalyOrganisation of World Heritage CitiesPacific Islands Museum Association (PIMA)

Parco Nazionale delle Cinque Terre, ItalyPrivate Committees for the Safeguarding of

VeniceProgramme for Museum Development in

Africa (PMDA), Mombasa, KenyaThe Rehabilitation Project Office, MaltaRiksantikvaren (Norwegian Directorate for

Cultural Heritage)School of Conservation, Royal Danish

Academy of Fine Art, Copenhagen,Denmark

SEAMEO-SPAFA (Regional Centre forArchaeology and Fine Arts), Thailand

Soprintendenza per i Beni Architettonici per ilPaesaggio e per il Patrimonio Storico,Artistico e Demoetnoantropologico diVenezia e Laguna, Italy

Soprintendenza Speciale per il Polo MusealeVeneziano, Italy

South African Rock Art Project (SARAP),South Africa

Swedish International Development Co-operation Agency (Sida), Sweden

Swedish University of Agriculture Sciences,Department of Landscape Planning (SLU)

Swiss Development Co-operation (SDC)Tokyo National Research Institute of Cultural

Property (TNRICP), JapanUNESCO Amman Office, JordanUNESCO Associated Schools Project

Network (ASPnet), Paris, FranceUNESCO, Division of Cultural Heritage, Paris,

France

UNESCO-PROAP (UNESCO Princip alRegional Office for Asia and the Pacific),Bangkok, Thailand

UNESCO Venice Office, ItalyUNESCO World Heritage Centre, Paris,

FranceUniversitat Autnoma de Barcelona, SpainUniversity of Aachen, GermanyUniversity of Bologna, ItalyUniversity of Delaware, U.S.A.University of MaltaUniversity of Oviedo, SpainUniversity of Paris III, Sorbonne Nouvelle

(Formation Continue), FranceUniversity of Perugia, ItalyUniversity of Rome La Sapienza, ItalyUniversity of Thessaloniki, GreeceUniversity of Urbino, ItalyThe World Bank, Washington D.C., U.S.A.

Editors:Christopher McDowallNicholas Stanley-Price

French edition:Franoise Vogel

Production assistant:Elisa Ortiz

Photo research:Mara Mata Caravaca

Design and layout:Giancarlo De Pol

Printed in Italy by:Stabilmento TipolitograficoUgo Quintily S.p.A.

ISBN 92-9077-176-3

ISSN 1010-2639

We tha nk the following forproviding photographs not inthe ICCROM Archive:Gal de G uichen, LazareEloundou, Mnica GarcaRobles, Antoni Gonzles

Moreno-Navarro, Elena IncertiMedici, Maria Teresa J aq uinta,Thierry Jo ffroy, Mara MataCaravaca , Katriina Simil,UNESCO Amman Office

Cover:ICCROM/CNCR Co urse onConservation of Library andArchives Collections, Santiagode Chile, Chile, 2001Photographs by Mara MataCaravacaCover design by Gianca rloDe Pol

Partners in ICCROMs programmes in 2002

ICCROM Newsletter, vol. 28,September 20 02


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ICCROM Newsletter, vol. 28, September 2002

From the Director-Generals desk

Official matters

General Assembly

New Member States

Internships and Fellows Programme

ICC ROM web s ite

Visitors to ICCROM

Sta ff news

Architecture and Archaeological Sites Unit

International Architectural Conservation Course (ARC)

The study a nd cons ervation of dec orated g la zed c eramics

applied to architecture

P rojec t TERRA

NAMEC P rog ramme

ICC ROM La boratory

Collections UnitHarmonizing thinking and policies

Encouraging synergies and co-ordinating efforts

Nurturing other learning strategies

Preparing tomorrows decision makers

Multicultura l, a third dimension for c ons ervation s cience

Unity, diversity... where does cultural heritage lie?

Heritage Settlements Unit

Dista nce lea rning programme for integra ted territoria l

and urban conservation

Monitoring for cultural heritageAFRICA 2009 enters a new pha se

Collaboration with Member States

Preservation of archives in Peru and at ICCROM

Standards in Conservation: a fable

Meetings and Events September 2002 - November 2003

Recent library acquisitions

Publications for sale at ICCROM

Partners in ICCROMs programmes in 2002

ICCROMNEWSLETTER

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CONTENTS

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1 6

2 1

2 3

I n s i d e b a c k c o v e r

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7

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1 5

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ICCROMNEWSLETTER

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FROM THE

DIRECTOR-

GENERALS

DESK

Nicholas Stanley-Price

The United Nations has declared 2002 the

Year for Cultural Heritage. UNESCO,

designated as the lead agency for the Year,

has stated that the biggest challenge is to

make the public authorities, the private

sector and civil society as a whole realize

that cultural heritage is not only an

instrument for peace and reconciliation but

also a factor of development.

Of course, both g oa ls c a rry with them potentia l

risks as well as benefits. As an instrument for

peace and reconciliation, cultural heritage can

promote better understanding of other cultures.

Conversely, it ca n be used to exc lude rather than

include (for insta nce, delibera te d es truction of

herita ge pla ce s in times o f civil conflict, w ith the

yea r 2002 s a dly providing further insta nces ). As a

factor of development, cultural heritage can

generate income and employment. But it is at risk

when subjected to over-exploitation, and thebeneficiaries suffer a loss of cultural identity as a

result of d evelopment s chemes suppose dly

la unche d in their favour. (The ye a r 2002 has a lso

been des igna ted b y the UN as the Yea r of Eco-

tourism, a concept that can raise similar issues).

The high profile tha t cultural herita ge now enjoys

is to be welcomed. At the same time, success

tends to raise expectations of continuing success,

a trajectory tha t ca nnot alwa ys b e susta ined. The

emergence of new education programmes, new

orga niza tions, a nd new media of disse minationtends to disguise the d isa ppea ra nce of existing

ones, or the subs ta ntial reductions in resources

allocated to long-established institutions. University

programmes in conservation cease to be offered;

national bodies s uffer severe funding cutba cks,

with cons erva tion s ometimes the function tha t

takes the heaviest cuts; and once-widely

disseminated publica tions stop production and

not bec a use they ha ve morphed into a n electronic

version ava ilable through the Internet. Moreover, a s

the definition of what constitutes heritage

continually expands, new topics tend to attractreso urces a wa y from existing ones .

My point in recalling the fluctuating provision of

resources devoted to cultural heritage is not to

temper enthusias m for promo ting it, but ra ther to

stress the need for comprehensive and reliable

sources of information.

Providing informationOne of ICC ROMs principal go a ls is to provide

information about the conservation of cultural

herita ge . This ta sk is in a cc orda nce w ith its firststatutory function established in 1959 as to

collect, study and circulate information

conc erned w ith s cientific, technica l and ethica l

issues relating to the conservation and restoration

of c ultura l property .

The da tab a ses currently ma intained by

ICC ROM and ma de a vaila ble through its w eb s ite

cover the following subjects: conservation

literature a cc es sioned by the ICC ROM libra ry (one

of the largest specialized libraries of its kind);

images of heritage sites held in ICCROMsarchives; opportunities worldwide for formal

education and training in conservation; and the


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ste a dily proliferating numb er of co nference s,

seminars and congresses devoted to

conservation. A new source of information added

in 2002 is a web links database which lists and

provides active hyperlinks to the web sites of

organizations relevant to the conservation field.

The libra ry of ICC ROM has for forty yea rs be en

systematically collecting conservation literature,

both published and unpublished. Unpublished

reports, ma teria l generated by course pa rticipants

and images taken during technical missions

constitute exceptional historical documentation of

places that have by now been substantially

trans formed or ac tually d estroyed (see illustrations

on this and the following p ages). This

do cumenta tion is included in the ICC ROM libra ry

catalogue or in the image archive that is gradually

being made available on-line through the web

site. (It is a lso a vaila ble in ha rd-co py forma t, g iven

that regular Internet access is still problematic for

la rge pa rts of the w orlds p opula tion.)

This w ork has bee n fac ilita ted by the

a ppointment in February 2002 of a n a rchivist, a

new post created thanks to the approval of a 4%

increase in Member State regular contributions at

the G enera l Assemb ly in Nove mb er 2001. The

sa me increas e has made possible the

appointment from October 2002, of a Publications

Manag er, under whos e g uida nce ICC ROMs

publications programme will be coordinated and

further d eveloped.

Preserving the originalDevelopments in information tec hnolog y provide

easier access to more data. But the very rate of

innova tion in this field a nd its extra ordina ry da ta

hand ling a bilities ha ve implica tions for herita ge

cons erva tion. One c oncerns the preservation of

pioneering d igital a pplica tions w hich a re nowcons idered a lrea dy to ha ve ac hieved heritag e

value. It may already be too late, for example, to

examine so me of the earliest w eb s ites to b e

pos ted on the Internet. Another is the risk tha t

successful digitization of archives leads to

disposa l of the ha rd-copy originals. In the c as e of

some wide-circulation printed papers whose

contents ha ve been digitized, there may now be

no original surviving c opy o f certa in iss ues.

S imila rly, the ea se w ith w hich virtua l

reconstructions of incomplete buildings can bemanipulated serves to emphas ize the importanc e

of preserving the original doc umenta tion.

Conservation has always had as a goal the

preservation of not only the information content but

a lso the vehicle or physica l support of a n object

(which contributes substantially to its information

content). C onservation ha s to ensure physica l

prese rvation while a lso promoting w ide a cc ess by

a va riety o f mea ns. The va lue of phys ica lly

prese rved s pecimens has been c onfirmed time a nd

ag ain as scientific resea rch a dvances as , forinsta nce, the DNA a nalysis o f archae ologica l

skeletal material kept in store has confirmed.

ICCROMNEWSLETTER

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State of conservation of the faade of the Church of SanFrancisco in Popayn, Colombia, on 5 April 1983, after theearthquake. Both drawings by J aime Moncada Calixto,Instituto Colombiano de Cultura, Colombia.

Faade of the Church of San Francisco in Popayn,Colombia, before the earthquake that took place on 31March 1983.


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In the face of mas s preservation needs , the

decision to dispose of material is often tempting.

Suc h dec isions freq uently c ome to be regretted,

as resea rch progresses a nd new q uestions a re

pos ed . Whate ver tec hnica l innova tions oc cur, the

cons erva tors respo nsibility to a chieve a ba la nce

betw een current ac ces s to material and its long-

term preservation remains as important as ever.

ICCROM is attempting to strike this balance, both

for its ow n informa tion reso urce s a nd in its

approac h to co nserva tion educa tion a nd training.

ICCROMNEWSLETTER

4

Education and training at ICCROM

The information databases described above are crucial to the

function for which ICCROM is perhaps best known, namely the

mid-career education and training of conservation professionals.

Equally important is analysis of the numerous enquiries received

at ICCROM and of in-country situations observed during

technical visits. Together, they provide the information on which

are based the needs assessment, curricula and content of its

long-term programmes and regular courses.

Characteristic of ICCROMs long-term programmes are their

relatively long duration (up to ten years) and their objectives inbringing about transfer of experience for building up regional

institutions. The actual programme structure varies according

to local needs and appropriate response strategies (see report

on th e Afr ica 2009 programm e, page 18).

Those regular courses that do not form part of such

programmes are repeat events held either annually or every

other year. At present, regular repeat courses are organized

away from Rome and depend on close collaboration with

partner organizations. Collaboration ensures that those features

typical of ICCROM regular courses held previously in Rome are

retained in events organized with partners at a distance. Three

key elements in which ICCROM continues to play a strong

collaborative role (in addition to teaching) are: 1) course

curriculum design, 2) selection of participants, and 3) course

evaluation.

The regular repeat courses that follow this model are

currently the following: the technology of stone conservation

(Venice), wood conservation technology (Oslo), the conservation

of modern architecture (Helsinki), the conservation of Japanese

paper (Tokyo), and the conservation of lacquer (urushi) objects

(Tokyo). In 2002, a new regional course has been introduced on

the conservation of wooden structures in the Asia-Pacific

region. This course draws upon the vast experience available in

J apan and complements the wider focus of the regular course

organized for many years with the heritage authorities in

Norway. It represents the re-orientation of an existing

partnership with the ACCU Nara office and the Agency for

Cultural Affairs in Japan, towards meeting an evident need in

the region.

In addition to its long-term programmes and its regular

repeat courses, ICCROM contributes to professional

conservation education through organizing short courses at the

request of its member states or its fellow IGOs, and through

providing internship opportunities. For instance, in 2002,

ICCROM organized at the request of the UNESCO World

Heritage Centre two information courses aimed at quite

different audiences, one for officials of the Italian Government

and the other for older school children, and their teachers, from

the countries of J ordan, Lebanon and Syria (see page 20).

Finally, an Internship and Fellows Programme has been

launched in 2002. The new programme formalizes the handling

of the many requests that ICCROM receives, with a selection

committee meeting twice a year to choose the most deserving

candidates. The Fellows programme is designed to encourage

professionals to spend periods of time at ICCROM in order to

use its wealth of resources in furthering their own research. The

first appointments of interns and visiting fellows are listed on

pages 5 and 6.

Traditional construction of roofs in Japan using cypress bark

Conservation plan for San Nicola Oreano district ofThessaloniki, Greece, prepared in 1972 by P. Theocaridis,ICCROM ARC course.


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ICCROM GeneralAssembly, Rome,Italy - 21-23November 200 1The 22nd session of the ICCROMGeneral Assembly was inaugurat-

ed by Temporary President Mari-anne Lundberg (Sweden).Speeches were given by: NicholasStanley-Price, Director-General,ICCROM; Carleen Gardner, Assis-tant Director-General, General Af-fairs and Information Department,FAO; Mounir Bouchenaki, Assis-tant Director-General for Culture,UNESCO; Vittorio Sgarbi, Under-Secretary of State for the Ministry

of Cultural Heritage and Activi-ties, Italy; Francesco Aloisi deLarderel, Director-General for thePromotion of Culture and Cooper-ation, Ministry of Foreign Affairs,Italy; and Eugenio La Rocca, Di-rector of the Cultural Heritage De-partment, Rome City Council.

During the inaugural cere-monies, ICCROM Awards forservices to conservation were pre-

sented to Gal de Guichen and tognes Timr-Balzsy (posthumous-ly), and Media Save Art awards for

journalism to Ozolua Uhakheme(The Guardian - Nigeria) and OwenClegg (The Jordan Times). Delegateselected the President of the 22nd

session, Ana Cepero (Cuba), andthree Vice-Presidents, Anneli

Randla (Estonia), SirichaiWangchareontrakul (Thailand)and Zinsou Zancran (Benin). TheDirector-General presented re-ports on the implementation of the2000-2001 programme and thedraft programme for 2002-2003proposed to the General Assemblyby Council. These were approvedby delegates, as was a 4% increasein the regular contributions

payable by Member States. Theprogramme also included reportsby ICCROM staff members on cur-rent activities.

The new Council Memberselected by the General Assemblyare Orlando V. Abinion (Philip-pines), Ray Bondin (Malta),Nicholas Th. Cholevas (Greece),Blaine Cliver (USA), Erwin Em-merling (Germany), Bent Eshoj

(Denmark), Bertha M. Estela (Pe-ru), John Fidler (UK), Slim Khosrof(Tunisia), Jos Maria Losada

(Spain), Liliane Masschelein-Kleiner (Belgium), Gabriela Mo-roder-Krist (Austria) and HortenseZagbayou (Cte dIvoire). Theywill hold office until the 25th Gen-eral Assembly in 2005, joining the

twelve Council Members whoseterm of office continues until 2003.

Internship andFellows ProgrammeICCROM has recently initiated anInternship and Fellows Pro-gramme, open to candidates fromall its Member States interested inimproving their knowledge of cur-rent heritage preservation issues at

an international level.The Internship Programme isdesigned for graduates in archae-ology, architecture, art history,conservation/restoration, engin-eering, library science, public ad-ministration or urban planning.ICCROM will host a maximum offour interns per calendar year,who will be supervised by an IC-CROM staff member, each for a

period of two to six months. Twointernships were offered this year:Mr Nicolas Lopez, a graduate in

ICCROMNEWSLETTER

5

NEW MEMBER STATES

OFFICIAL

MATTERS

Four nations have joined

ICCROM since our last

Newsletter was published,

bringing total membership

to 104. ICCROM welcomed:

Georgia, December 2001

Azerbaijan, February 2002

Botswana, February 2002

Uruguay, March 2002


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international administration atParis II University, specializing inlegislation relating to internationalorganizations (July-Sept. 2002);and Ms Leticia Leito, an urbanconservation architect working atthe Angra do Herosmo WorldHeritage Site in Portugal (Sept.2002-Feb. 2003).

The Fellows Programme en-courages senior professionalsfrom institutions or organizationswithin Member States to under-take research in a field of study ofinterest to ICCROM. Applicantsmust hold a Master's degree orhave relevant working experiencein heritage conservation, either asteachers or practitioners. Fellow-ships for 2002-2003 have beenawarded to: Ms Emilia Petrova Ivanova

from the Archaeological Muse-um in Septemvri, Bulgaria to in-vestigate painted fragmentsfrom the Pisitros excavations in

southern Bulgaria (Sept.-Dec.2002); Mr Rohit Jigyasu from the Nor-

wegian University of Scienceand Technology in Trondheim,to research traditional skills forimproving post-earthquake re-construction (Oct.-Dec. 2002);

Dr Boguslaw Szmygin from theTechnical University of Lublinin Poland, to define the histori-

cal values of old towns (March-May 2003); Mr Jerry Podany from the J.

Paul Getty Museum, USA, tostudy the influence of Rome on20th century restoration of an-cient sculpture (July-Aug. 2003).

Two self-funded applicantshave been awarded the status ofVisiting Fellows:

Mr Randolph Langenbach fromthe Federal Emergency Man-agement Agency in the USA, to

study traditional constructionin seismic areas (Sept. 2002-June2003);

Prof William Logan fromDeakin University, Australia, toevaluate the cultural impact ofUNESCO and other internation-al organizations activities(April-June 2003).

For details of how to apply for ei-ther of these programmes, pleaseconsult the ICCROM web site un-der Training Opportunities or writeto:M. Anna StewartOffice of Communication and In-formation - ICCROMVia di San Michele, 1300153 Rome, Italye-mail: [email protected]

ICCROM web siteThe re-designed ICCROM web site(http://www.iccrom.org) was cre-ated by ICCROM staff and con-

sultants, particularly JenniferMolina, in collaboration with theEVTEK Institute of Art and Designin Finland, and launched in Marchthis year.

A valuable feature of the site isits information databases. Theseprovide access to: the catalogue ofthe library, an extensive collectionof resources on all aspects of cultur-al heritage conservation in various

languages; an image archive withover 2,100 digitized images fromICCROMs photographic collectionof heritage sites, which is constant-ly being added to; an index of train-ing opportunities worldwide; anextensive listing of conferences de-voted to cultural heritage; and alinks database, providing directlinks to the web sites of over 1000conservation organizations and na-

tional government agencies operat-ing in the cultural heritage sector.In order to keep these databases

up-to-date, ICCROM kindly re-quests users to inform them of anychanges or corrections that come totheir notice.

The other main menu headersprovide general information aboutICCROM, its current programmes

for 2002-2003, and the technicalservices it makes available. The IC-CROM bookshop may also be ac-cessed for purchase of ICCROMpublications and other selected ti-tles (see pages 30-32 of this newslet-ter).

The ICCROM news page is con-stantly being updated with reportsfrom the field, and announce-ments of ICCROM courses, meet-

ings and publications.

Visitors to ICCROMICCROM is always pleased to wel-come individual visitors, delega-tions and student groups fromaround the world. In the past yearthese have included the followingofficials and delegations:

a delegation of 15 site managers

and urban planners from theChina Academy of Urban Plan-ning and Design, in October;

ICCROMNEWSLETTER

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ICCROM web site page


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Mr Gilbert Pwiti, Dean, Facultyof Arts, and Mr Webber Ndoro,Lecturer, Department of Histo-ry, University of Zimbabwe, todiscuss involvement in AFRICA2009 activities, in December;

Mr Blaine Cliver, Council Mem-ber, and Mr John Robbins, As-sistant Director, Cultural

Resources, National Parks Ser-vice, USA, in January; Ms Lee Minaidis, Deputy May-

or, Rhodes, Greece, Mr Paris Pa-patheodorou, Director, Officefor the Conservation of the OldTown of Rhodes, and Mr DenisRicard, Secretary-General,OWHC, to discuss organizationof the 2003 OWHC General As-sembly, in February;

Mr Walid Sharif, Director, Cul-tural Heritage, Palestinian Au-thority, and Ms Kholoud AbuDayyer Daibes, Centre for Cul-tural Heritage Preservation,Palestinian Authority, in March;

Mr Teruhisa Funato and Mr Hi-royasu Uchida, Agency for Cul-tural Affairs, Tokyo, Japan, inMarch;

Mr Alain Godonou, Director,

Ecole du Patrimoine Africain,Benin, and Mr TaoufickAminou, Vice-Rector, Universi-

ty of Benin, in April; Amb. Rusudan Lordkipanidze,

Embassy of Georgia to Italy, andMr Peter Metreveli, SecretaryGeneral, Georgian NationalCommission for UNESCO, inJune.

Student groups during the pastyear included:

Mr Jan Rosvall with 15 studentsfrom the University of Gte-borg, Sweden, in October andagain with 10 professors andstudents, in February;

Prof. Olivier Verheyden andProf. Nadine Govers with 5 pro-fessors and 20 students from theInstitut Suprieur des Beaux-Arts, Saint-Luc Lige, Belgium,in December;

Prof. Otto Makys, Head ofBuilding Renovation Depart-ment, with 30 postgraduate stu-dents and professors from the

Faculty of Civil Engineering,Slovak University of Technolo-gy and Academia IstropolitanaNova, Bratislava, Slovakia, inMay;

Prof. Antonio Mostalac, Direc-tor-General, Cultural Heritageof Aragn, Dr Jos ManuelLpez Gmez, Director, EscuelaTaller de Restauracin de Pintu-ra Mural de Aragn, Spain with

33 students and professors, inMay; Prof. Mariapia Sammartino,

with 13 students of Techniquesfor applied diagnosis in restora-tion and conservation of cultur-al properties at the Universityof Rome La Sapienza, Italy, inMay.

ICCROM staff news

Marie-Christine Uginet, Managerof Documentation, Library andArchives, completed thirty years

of dedicated service at ICCROMon 30 March this year. A receptionwas held at ICCROM to honourthe occasion.

Susan Inman, Administrative As-sistant, Office of the Director-Gen-eral, retired on 31 January 2002.She began work at ICCROM in1978. During her years with IC-CROM she gained the respect ofcolleagues and partners fromaround the world for her dedica-tion, commitment and the highquality of her work.

Mara Mata Caravaca, who gradu-ated in art history at the Universityof Granada, Spain, was appointedArchivist from February, 2002.Trained in restoration at Florenceand in archival preservation at theVatican, she has previouslyworked on ICCROMs archives asa consultant.

Dr Nobuko Inaba, Project Manag-er, Heritage Settlements Unit, sec-onded to ICCROM by theJapanese government, returned toJapan at the end of March aftertwo years. She has been promotedto Head of the Conservation Advi-sory Office of the Japan Centre forInternational Cooperation in Con-servation at the National ResearchInstitute for Cultural Properties,

Tokyo.

Dr Kumiko Shimotsuma has beenseconded by the Japanese govern-ment and holds a Masters andPhD in Engineering from TokyoUniversity. She is a senior special-ist for cultural properties at theAgency for Cultural Affairs andhas been an associate expert forUNESCO at the World Heritage

Centre in Paris and at the CulturalUnit in Bangkok.

ICCROMNEWSLETTER

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A four-month evaluation project ofthe Architectural ConservationCourse (ARC) has been complet-ed, having been designed to pro-vide ICCROM with strategicrecommendations for educationactivities in architectural conserva-

tion. The evaluation report, com-missioned from independentexternal consultants, has sincebeen reviewed by ICCROM staffand by members of Council.

The report draws attention to is-sues requiring re-examination: forexample, changes in the profession-

al and social contexts of architectur-al conservation training, the as-sumptions that underlay thecontinuous holding of the ARCsince 1965, the primacy of a uni-versalist conservation doctrine,and the current state of knowledge

and quality of practice in the field.It makes recommendations regard-ing the future role of ICCROM ineducational activities for conserva-tion, emerging and projected

needs, and the potential for univer-sity partnerships and specializedcurricula.

Other recommendations relateto laboratory and theoretical re-search and field-based initiatives,upgrading a conceptual frame-work beyond universalist ap-proaches to include regional topicsand issues, developing strategiesto train the trainers, and makingthe most of the ARC network offormer course participants.

The evaluation report has pro-vided an informed basis for mak-ing future decisions on ICCROMsrole in educational activities for ar-chitectural conservation.

The study andconservation ofdecorated glazedceramics applied toarchitectureThe ICCROM Architecture and Ar-chaeological Sites Unit has com-

pleted a project on the study,conservation and restoration ofdecorated glazed ceramics appliedto architecture. As a multidiscipli-nary project, one of its most inter-esting objectives has been toengage the broadest possible rangeof professionals from differentcountries and disciplines in identi-fying the problems and the short-comings in this field.

To this end, from November2001 to March 2002, an Internet Fo-rum on this issue was organizedby ICCROM in collaboration withthe Department of Crystallogra-phy, Mineralogy and Mineral De-posits of the Faculty of Geology,Barcelona University, and theSpanish Academy in Rome. Theoutcome was very successful.More than 37% of the over one

hundred ceramics professionalscontacted all over the world ac-tively participated in the Forum.

ICCROMNEWSLETTER

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ARCHITECTURE

AND

ARCHAELOGICAL

SITES UNIT

ARC84 visit to Trajans Column inRome, during restoration.

International Architectural ConservationCourse (ARC)An assessment of 32 years of architectural conservation

training at ICCROM


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Participants expressed their inter-est in pursuing and encouragingother projects of this kind. The Fo-rum had enabled them to learnfrom and debate successful experi-ences with other professionals inthe field and strengthened IC-CROMs fundamental role in fos-tering international initiatives ofthis kind.

The final meeting to draw con-clusions from the Forum was heldon 8-9 March 2002, at ICCROMand at the Spanish Academy inRome. The sessions examined theissues under six main headings: degradation and the pathologi-

cal processes undergone by ce-ramics applied to architecture;

problems relating to the theoryand criteria of intervention;

the current state of training inthis subject, and the launchingof specialized training courses;

current ceramic production inrelation to the architectural her-

itage; specific terminology problems; the problem of awareness-

building and dissemination.At the same time, ICCROM has

continued to conduct a range of re-search activities, creating a biblio-graphic database and proposing aresearch project on "Classifying,describing and studying the caus-es, mechanisms and morphologies

of the degradation of decorated ce-ramics applied to architecture", inco-operation with other interestedinstitutions.

ICCROM is now preparing apublication, in co-operation withthe Spanish Academy in Rome,containing the material generatedby this project. The aim is to pro-vide a multidisciplinary referencework for specialists in the conser-

vation and restoration of glazedceramics as part of the world's ar-chitectural heritage.

Project TERRAConservation of earthen

architecture

Within the context of collaborationactivities with CRATerre-EAG andthe Getty Conservation Institute(Terra Consortium and UNESCOChair), Project TERRA held an In-ternational Workshop: earthen archi-

tecture education in the world:

current status and future action.The meeting, which took place atthe Grenoble School of Architec-ture from 3-5 October 2001, set outto assess institutional educationalactivities in the field of earthen ar-chitecture throughout the worldand to formulate guidelines for fu-ture action. The meeting was at-tended by forty-two participantsfrom various institutions in the fol-

lowing countries: Argentina, Aus-tralia, Belgium, Benin, Brazil,Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Congo,

Egypt, France, Germany, Iran,Italy, Mexico, the Netherlands,Portugal, South Africa, Spain,Turkey, Uganda, Uruguay and theUSA. A CD-ROM of the proceed-ings is available on request.

NAMEC ProgrammeConservation training in the

Maghreb countries

The strengthening of institutionalcapacities for the conservation ofcultural heritage has been the ma-jor aim of the NAMEC project inAlgeria, Morocco and Tunisia.Since 1992, within the frameworkof multilateral collaboration withthe Italian Government Develop-ment Cooperation Directorate,NAMEC has benefited from addi-tional contributions from the GettyGrant Program, UNESCO, and theFrench Government (1993-1996).

During the development phase(1993-1998), based on the outcomesof the Synthse de lenqute sur le

Patrimoine culturel maghrbin(Draft, Rome, 1996), regional semi-nars and specialized conservationcourses were held. A consolidationphase (1997-2001) focused on trans-ferring responsibilities to host insti-tutions of the region. During1998-2000, the programme benefit-ed from funding by the EuropeanCommission through the pro-gramme Euromed Heritage.

The Institut National du Patri-moine and the Ecole Nationale duPatrimoine in Tunis managed thegraduate-level Architectural Con-servation Course at the Universityof Tunis. In addition, two othercourses for young professionalswere launched in the region: onein Algiers dealing with objects inan archaeological context (CoursdAlger de conservation et restaura-

tion des biens archologiques), man-aged by the Agence NationaledArchologie et de Protection des

ICCROMNEWSLETTER

9

Ceramic decoration of the south-eastminaret of the Holy Shrine of Al Abbasin Kerbala, Iraq.


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Sites et Monuments Historiques

(ANAPSMH); and the Rabatcourse on museum collections(Cours de Rabat de conservation-restauration des collections de muses

au Maroc), organized in collabora-tion with the Direction du Patri-moine Culturel (DPC).

The third of the two-year TunisCourses ended in July 2000 andnow continues to be offered inde-pendently of the NAMEC pro-gramme. Both the Algiers and theRabat courses ended in August2001.

During the eight-year pro-gramme, training activities weredesigned with a skills-based ap-proach. The specific aim of theproject was to create a group ofprofessionals in the field of con-

servation/restoration, focusing ondeveloping management capaci-ties and encouraging flexibility,innovation and individual initia-tive.

The didactic programmes of thedifferent courses, especially be-tween 1998 and 2001, were organ-ized in collaboration withEuropean partners. The contribu-tion of the European teachers in-fluenced and was influenced bythe experience of participating inthe programme in Algeria, Moroc-co and Tunisia comprising theCours du Patrimoine du Maghreb. Itis important to stress that both forteachers and students, this collab-oration allowed a mutual ex-change through experience ofdifferent Mediterranean contexts

and environments. This helpedidentify different coexistingphilosophies in the field of conser-vation/restoration and in the safe-guard of cultural heritage.

Training, in general, was carriedout through seminars and confer-ences, particularly in the Rabatand Algiers courses, and includedspecific case studies. To facilitatethe transfer of responsibilities at alocal level, the significant presenceof lecturers from Mediterraneancountries ensured better commu-nication in pedagogical terms aswell as continuity of relations withparticipants.

Interest was expressed duringthe programmes in Algeria andMorocco in achieving a technicalqualification. The Tunis course,which focused on architecturalconservation issues, proposed amore general kind of training, tofacilitate entry to the heritageprofession. The procedure for en-

suring the equivalence of diplo-mas among the different countriesis currently under discussion.

A preliminary study of the im-pact of the NAMEC programme inthe region, in which both donorsand beneficiaries were involved,has been carried out by externalassessors.

ICCROM Laboratory

How the laboratory supportsconservation

Over the years the ICCROM labo-ratory has become a point of refer-ence for conservation professionals,offering technical advice and facili-tating contacts and networkingamong conservators. Numerous re-quests for assistance and informa-tion from individual professionals,

ICCROMNEWSLETTER

10

Algiers Course 2000-2001 - Tamenfoustarchaeological site - practical activitieson survey and excavation techniques.


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students and institutions aroundthe world arrive at the laboratoryalmost every day. The above piecharts respectively illustrate theprovenance and nature of these re-quests between March 2001 andApril 2002.

Analysis of these requests al-lows us to monitor needs and

trends in conservation,both in terms of regionaldistribution and the typeof enquiries. Further-more, they give an indi-cation of current levels ofconservation knowledge.

It is significant thatover 50% of the requestsfor information comefrom Europe while therest are fairly evenly dis-tributed among the otherregions, with the excep-tion of Africa. As the re-quests arrive almostexclusively by e-mail, onepossible explanationcould be the limitedavailability of these facili-ties in certain countries.With regard to the natureof the requests, there is amuch more even distri-bution of topics althoughthose asking for technical

advice are predominant.At the same time, di-rect access to the laboratory takesplace in the form of theme-basedspecialized courses for conserva-tion professionals, and throughhosting interns and university un-dergraduates. Finally, we are de-lighted to receive a large numberof visitors interested in our labora-tory activities and facilities (stu-

dent groups, experts, official dele-gations, etc.). The third chart illus-trates their countries of origin forthe same period.

Current research

As part of a combined programme,the ICCROM laboratory and CIS-TeC (Interdepartmental Centre forthe Science and Technology of His-torical and Architectural Conserva-tion, University of Rome LaSapienza) have been conductingresearch aimed at improving ourknowledge of the characteristicsand applicability of silicon prod-ucts in the field of heritage conser-vation/restoration.

First developed as part of an ex-perimental graduate thesis onDefining the chemical and physical

parameters that influence the stability

of polysiloxane polymers over time

(T. Falcinelli), this led to the pres-entation of three papers at the In-ternational Congress on Silicates

in Conservation studies, experi-ence, evaluations for consolidatinghistorical masonry in Turin, inFebruary 2002. One of these enti-tled Silicon consolidants: the last oronly resource? (E. Borrelli, T. Fal-cinelli, M.L. Santarelli) examinedthe different products used in con-servation over the last twentyyears. Silicon polymers are becom-ing more and more widely used in

conservation and have graduallyreplaced those of a different chem-ical nature. The many differenttrade names used, often to de-scribe the same chemical composi-tion, make choosing the mostappropriate product a difficulttask. The results of this analysisare now available on a CD-ROMfrom ICCROM.

ICCROMNEWSLETTER

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Requests for informationMarch 2001-April 2002

(countries)

Europe

52%

Near and

Middle East

6%

Central

and South

America

12%

Oceania

2%

North

America

12%Asia16%

Requests for information

March 2001-April 2002(topics)

Lab activities10%

Networking17%

Materials17%

Safety rules3%

Lab design3% Environmental

monitoring3%

Technicaladvice25%

Conservationtechniques22%

VisitorsMarch 2001-April 2002

(countries)

Asia9%

Internationalgroups6%

Africa12%

NorthAmerica9%

Europe58%

Centraland SouthAmerica

6%


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An international organizationsuch as ICCROM embraces anamazing variety of heritage, socialand economic situations, and cul-tural approaches. One of our fun-damental challenges is to use thisto advantage to establish stronglinks between people, communi-ties and nations, in our efforts tostrive for peace and the develop-ment of humanity.

ICCROMs work is inspiringwhen it celebrates pluralism.Working with heritage collectionsand their preservation offers a per-fect opportunity to improve our

human and professional expertisein understanding, respecting andenjoying the other.

The movable character of collec-tions implies that objects producedand used within one context cansuccessfully exist and be con-served in a completely differentone. Again, professionals are chal-lenged when making decisions totake into account the meaning and

characteristics of a given environ-ment and the possible impact onthe message and long-term preser-vation of related collections andobjects.

ICCROM is a good platform todiscuss and advance thinking inthis area but it must also designand provide the appropriate toolsto ensure that all who deal withheritage and conservation, both in-

stitutions and individuals, can ef-fectively integrate this thinkinginto their daily work.

We have asked a few of ourpartners to reflect on some of theactivities currently developed atICCROM, and are happy to pres-ent their comments, in the hopethat this will encourage furtherideas and suggestions.

Pluralism in progress

Marie Berducou, from the InstitutNational du Patrimoine in Paris,which is actively involved with IC-CROM in the series of SharingConservation training courses,writes:

Harmonizing thinking and

policies

The seminars where conservationprofessionals come from far andwide to meet at ICCROM are al-ways exceptionally rich moments.Everyone rediscovers his/her ownpractices, comparing them to thoseof others. Certain points in com-mon emerge, revealing needs thathad scarcely been identified before.All in all, emulation gives rise toprojects that no-one could havethought up on their own.

More recent gatherings in Romehave underlined the fundamentalneed to re-inject the cultural val-ues of our heritage into all conser-vation activities. This intangiblecontent, conveyed by the materialsubstance of cultural properties, isessential to their understanding,preservation and relevance withinsociety. It pulverizes the conven-ient, yet artificial boundariescreated between movable and im-

ICCROMNEWSLETTER

12

COLLECTIONS

UNITCollections, a perfect way of learning to dealwith pluralism...

Participants at the ICCROM Collections seminar (26-27 November 2001) came

from Belgium, Brazil, Canada, Chile, Denmark, France, Italy, Kenya, Thailand

and the USA. While they recognized that progress in professional

development had been made, they also proposed projects that would further

strengthen capacities of partner institutions in contributing to conservation.

Other discussions included the need to develop not only training activities but

also conservation fieldwork and research activities, with emphasis on a

unified approach to heritage and an increase in community involvement in all

conservation activities.

Collections Seminar 2001. From left to right: (standing)Solange Zuniga,ABRACOR; Mubiana Luhila, PMDA; Bertrand Lavedrine, CRCDG; HugoHouben, CRATerre-EAG; Catherine Antomarchi, Rocco Mazzeo, ICCROM;Catheline Perier-DIeteren, Universit Libre de Bruxelles; Rosalia Varoli-Piazza,ICR; Luiz Souza, CECOR; Marie Berducou, IFROA; (sitting)Charles Costain,

CCI; Patcharawee Tunprawat, SPAFA; Katriina Simil, ICCROM; Ann Seibert,Library of Congress; Paloma Mujica, CNCR.

^


15/34

movable property, tangible and in-tangible heritage. It obliges us toextend beyond the simplisticframework of purely technicalproblems to a broader conceptionof conservation, in which thestakes are political, social and eco-nomic. It invites us to enter into di-alogue, first among ourselves asprofessionals from different disci-plines, and also with communitiesthat own or use the heritage inquestion.

The ideas that arise from ourfervent exchanges enable IC-CROM and its partners to har-monise their respective goals andstrive together to meet commonchallenges: to make interdiscipli-nary dialogue a central tool in theeducation of conservators and cu-rators alike; to integrate communi-cation with the public as a naturaldimension of professional activity;and to develop awareness, throughthe history of conservation, of the

multiplicity of cultural approachestowards heritage.

!!!

Patcharawee Tunprawat is a proj-ect specialist at SEAMEO-SPAFARegional Centre for Archaeologyand Fine Arts, Bangkok, actively in-

volved with ICCROM in the devel-opment of a regional strategy forcollections in Southeast Asia. Shecomments:

Encouraging synergies and

co-ordinating efforts

The ICCROM-SPAFAworkshop onConservation Strategies for Collec-tions in Southeast Asia gatheredcollections professionals togetherfrom all over the region. Efforts tobring both private and governmentorganizations together to collabo-rate as a team as well as share anaction plan have never been madebefore, as most organizations workin isolation or collaborate only withtheir own contacts.

The first step was to send outnumerous announcements to allthe different museums and organi-zations, both public and private,concerned with collections in theregion, and promote the event aswidely as possible. A question-

naire was enclosed with the an-nouncement to provide us with anoverview of current collectionsand staff in their charge.

Offering this opportunity to amuch wider audience was an in-novative approach for SPAFA,where participants in courses areusually nominated by each coun-

try. Sixty questionnaires werecompleted and returned by appli-cants from all levels ranging fromprivate organizations to govern-ment museums and universities.The positive response indicatedtheir appreciation of the impor-tance of regional strategies andsharing their experience with oth-ers. Other institutions inside andoutside the region such as IN-TACH in India, the Thai Fine ArtsDepartment and UNESCO also ex-pressed interest in the project.

!!!

Bob Ferguson, from the Institute ofEducation, University College Lon-don, is actively involved in steeringthe design and development ofCollections teaching activities, inparticular, Generation 2. He writes:

Nurturing other learning

strategies

For the last twenty years or more,ICCROM has been the home of vi-brant and innovative educationaland training programmes. Theapproaches taken have varied,but there has been one importantunifying element. The work hasinvolved the respect for a varietyof cultures and the developmentof approaches to teaching andlearning appropriate for specific

purposes and contexts. There hasalso been an emphasis on theways in which education andtraining can be culturally sensi-tised and made relevant to partic-ular cultural, educational andeconomic realities.

Courses developed for specificpurposes have tried with consider-able success to produce a new gen-eration of trainers and educators. In

all this process ICCROM staff haveplayed a pivotal role. But there arenow new and exciting challenges

ICCROMNEWSLETTER

13

Participants proudly sign the bannerthey prepared for the PreventiveConservation Strategies workshop inBangkok.

The banner spells out the wordsPrevent ive conservat ionin nine of themany languages spoken in SoutheastAsia.


16/34

before us. We are now moving to anera where today's 'teachers' will bethe new producers of educationalmaterials, of appropriately de-signed courses, and the developersof suitable and useful approachesto teaching and learning.

Emphasis needs to be placed onthe multicultural heritages withwhich we deal and the multiplecontexts in which such heritagesare experienced, mediated andpassed on. Our attention must fo-cus not only on building educa-tional and training resources, butalso on the skills and knowledgeto produce and develop such re-sources. Here the new media will

be crucially important, but so willrespect for more established andoften less technically sophisticat-

ed approaches to teaching andlearning.

We need to develop our knowl-edge of educational and trainingstrategies along one path, whichrespects diversity in cultures andpedagogies. ICCROM is uniquelyplaced to undertake this excitingand challenging task.

!!!

Zaki Aslan, ICCROM consultantfor the World Heritage skills de-velopment training course held in2002 at Petra (see also page 20 of thisnewsletter), writes:

Preparing tomorrows

decision m akers

For many years ICCROM has beenexploring ways of involvingyoung generations in the gigantictask of preserving cultural her-itage. This year for the first time inan Arab country, a new

initiative, in collaborationwith UNESCO, wasstaged at the magnificentcultural landscape of Pe-tra in Jordan. School stu-dents and teachers fromArab countries were in-vited to explore variousaspects of heritage con-servation. Participantsgained insight into

preservation work at Pe-tra through hands-on ses-sions of conservation inprogress.

The workshop gaveyoung people from the re-gion the chance to under-stand their own heritageand voice their concernsabout the future of her-itage sites in the Arab

world. Asked to com-ment, students recom-mended establishing

heritage youth forums and on-sitesummer conservation courses, cre-ating information channels forheritage education, and develop-ing a schools network in the re-gion. They also proposed aheritage working day, where eachschool could adopt a monument.

Undoubtedly, the lively and in-teractive approach of such work-shops will contribute to mouldingtomorrows decision-makers to re-spond to the continuing threatsfacing cultural heritage and theworld in general.

!!!

Judith H. Hofenk de Graaff, for-mer head of Department of Conser-vation of the Netherlands Institute

ICCROMNEWSLETTER

14

Students watching a demonstration ofstone cleaning and restoration at Petra,

J ordan.

Thanks to the Getty Grant

Program, ICCROM is now able to

make further headway in teaching

skills development. Targeted for

African museums and

professionals,Generation 2 is

gaining international recognition. It

has developed eight sets of

teaching and learning materials on

preventive conservation,

documentation, storage, fund-

raising and partnerships, mounts

and supports, deterioration of

collections, museum enlivening

skills and pest control. The project

is currently producing a manual

for course producers, designed

for any professional wishing toreview or develop course

programmes and materials.

Generation 2 - Mapping thePreventive Conservation Course.


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for Cultural Heritage, is actively in-volved in the design and teachingof ICCROM Collections coursesand contributed the following com-ment:

Multicultural, a third

dimension for conservation

science

During preliminary discussionsfor the CURRIC programme to de-fine a curriculum for conservationscientists, it became clear thatopinions on the content of conser-vation science were and are di-verse. Likewise, duringpreparations for the ICCROM/INP Sharing Conservation Sciencecourse for equal numbers ofyoung, qualified conservator/re-storers and scientists held in Parisin 2001, differences in interpreta-tion became evident. In decidingon course content, the tutors wereasked to define terms such as sci-ence, scientific investigation, sci-

entific examination, scientificresearch and conservation science.This was not an easy task, but ap-peared to provide a better under-standing of the scientific activitiesof both conservator/restorer andscientist and thus bridge the gapbetween them. Considerable effortwas put into developing skills anddesigning research programmesin which both professions could

work together and yet demon-strate their specializations at thesame time. As ICCROM coursesbring not only different disci-plines together but also diversecultural backgrounds, the courseachieved an even broader dimen-sion. To me as a frequent contribu-tor to ICCROM courses, themulticultural aspect is always afascinating experience. The cours-

es are not only interdisciplinarybut also multicultural. Scientifical-ly speaking, they are not two-di-

mensional but three-dimensional.I hope the definitions developedduring the course will not onlygive conservator/restorers andscientists a common language butwill also help them understanddifferent cultural approaches toconservation.

!!!

Alain Godonou, Director of the

Ecole du Patrimoine Africain(EPA), Porto-Novo, Benin, writes:

Unity, diversity where

does cultural heritage lie?

Our experience at EPA has taughtus that any hard and fast distinc-tion between tangible and intangi-ble heritage is the fruit ofmisunderstanding. This was the

case with our work on the ancientsacred forest of Porto-Novo, trans-formed into a natural, botanicalgarden. Royal ceremonial site, con-servatory of essences, handbook ofnature, this forest was also a colos-sal stake in the power game. It washere that the colonial administra-tion took root, and built the Gov-ernment Palace, the symbol of itssettlement.

The study of the rehabilitationof the ancient city of Porto-Novo,which started in September 2001,distinguishes royal, lineage, Afro-Brazilian, colonial, religious andlandscape heritage. Royal palacesare not just architecture, but courtmusic and codified ceremonies.The lineage habitat is a sort of or-ganization-occupation of spacewhere empty spaces (courtyards,plots) are more important thanthose filled with buildings. Nei-ther is Afro-Brazilian, colonial andreligious heritage mere architec-

ture, but events, carnivals, eatinghabits, beliefs, etc. Landscape in-volves the codified placing of mar-kets, sacred groves, etc. Thespecial flavour of cultural heritageis found in this inseparable mix-ture of tangible and intangible;two sides of the same coin.

ICCROMNEWSLETTER

15

Botanical garden, Porto-Novo, Benin

The Sharing Conservation series

is a direct outcome of these

seminars. These one-month

courses focus on objects (whether

movable like painted glass from

the Cte dIvoire or immovable like

Chartres Cathedral). Conservation

issues are analysed and discussed

with teams of curators,

conservators and scientists to

encourage participants to develop

and refine their own

methodologies.


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Currently, the Heritage Settle-ments Unit manages three distinctprogrammes, and is involved witha number of technical conserva-tion initiatives carried out withand by partners (Venice stone con-servation course, Norwegianwood conservation course, Mod-ern architecture conservationcourse). The three programmes

are: Integrated Territorial and Ur-ban Conservation (ITUC), inte-grating concern for heritagevalues in the management of ter-ritorial and urban entities.

Living Heritage Sites, strength-ening capacity to manage her-itage sites embodying stronglinks with living communitiesand traditions.

Africa 2009, concerned withbuilding the capacity of heritageprofessionals working with thebuilt heritage in sub-SaharanAfrica.

The experiences of the HeritageSettlements Unit in 2000-2001 gaveemphasis to two important emerg-ing issues in programme work: theneed to explore use of innovative

training strategies (such as dis-tance learning) to extend the effec-tiveness of our training efforts and

the need to improve our ability tomonitor heritage. Both issues areexamined in detail below.

Distance learningprogramme forintegrated territorialand urbanconservationIn spring 2000, one of the most in-

novative conservation training pro-grammes in Latin America,launched by the Centro de Conser-vao Integrada Urbana e Territori-al (CECI), was initiated: thedistance learning programme forintegrated territorial and urbanconservation.

CECI, which was established byProf. Silvio Zancheti at the FederalUniversity of Pernambuco, Brazil,

and functions as the Latin Ameri-can arm of ICCROM's ITUC pro-gramme, brings togetherprofessors in architecture and ur-ban planning, interested in inte-grated conservation. Developmentof the programme, which began inDecember 2000, has involved com-pressing material for 100 originallectures into 25 complete modules.

Thirty-two participants were se-

lected for the programme, whichwas launched in March 2002. ItsInternet component was complet-

ed in early September, to be fol-lowed by a four-week practicaltraining course in November inRecife on preparing sectoral man-agement plans for the World Her-itage city of Olinda.

This first fully comprehensivedistance learning education pro-

gramme in urban conservation inLatin America has elicited enthusi-astic response across Latin Americaand in Europe. The accompanyingbilingual (Spanish-Portuguese) textGesto do Patrimonio Cultural Inte-

grado is the first in a planned seriesof ITUC curricula materials to beproduced over the next couple ofyears as part of ICCROM's efforts

ICCROMNEWSLETTER

16

HERITAGE

SETTLEMENTS

UNITThe Heritage Settlements Unit is designed tostrengthen the capacity of managers,administrators and professionals to care forhuman settlements of heritage value, large orsmall, urban or rural, and their varioussignificant heritage elements and features.

Valletta, Malta: Monitoring for WorldHeritage Cities workshop, 21-24 May,2000. Organised by ICCROM withsupport from the World HeritageCommittee and the VallettaRehabilitation Projects Office, Ministry

of the Environment, Malta.

Vilnius, Lithuania: The headquarters of

OTRA, the Old Town Renewal Agency,actively collaborating with ICCROMsITUC programme in developingmeaningful indicators for monitoring.


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to disseminate thinking in thisarea.

Monitoring forcultural heritageIn a world that is simultaneouslyreducing government expenditurefor public benefit and privatisingmany sectors and initiatives, it hasbecome increasingly important todemonstrate how conservationbrings substantial benefits to com-munities and citizens. This is evi-dent in the efforts of lendinginstitutions such as the WorldBank to develop economic argu-ments for the retention of culturalheritage. Once questions are posedabout measuring quality, bene-fits or impact, attention is neces-sarily focused on monitoring toolsand methods.

At an international level, an in-terest in monitoring arose in theWorld Heritage arena in the early1990s, when concern was first ex-

pressed over the consequences ofinscription on the World HeritageList, and the World HeritageCommittee began to examine thestate of conservation of already-inscribed sites. These explorationswere led by the Committees ad-visory bodies (ICCROM, ICO-MOS and IUCN), who organiseda number of important interna-tional meetings on monitoring for

World Heritage Sites.ICCROM, among others, hasembraced this issue in its own ac-tivities. In September 1999, it helda three-day symposium on meas-uring the non-economic value ofheritage (i.e. those values thatcannot easily be measured in dol-lar terms). The Heritage Settle-ments Unit, through its ITUCprogramme, addressed monitor-

ing issues for historic cities in aninternational workshop held inMay 2000, in Malta. ICCROM also

participated in a further meeting,held by ICOMOS in Israel in Feb-ruary 2002, to look at monitoringof archaeological sites.

ICCROM and ICOMOS arecurrently collating the results ofthis work in a Monitoring Refer-

ence Manual for the World Her-itage Committee. This manual hasbeen envisaged as an importanttool for national authorities andsite managers participating in theCommittees regional PeriodicReporting exercise.

The search for better monitor-ing tools and methods has con-firmed a number of principles ofsound heritage monitoring prac-

tice:

Mon i t o r i n g i s no t an end i n

i t s e l f , b u t a m eans t o l e ad t o

co r r e c t i v e a c t i o n .

Fundamentally, monitoringis anactivity that involves both meas-uring and evaluating change. Inthe heritage sector, as in all fields,monitoring is undertaken to gaininformation that allows for

course correction. For example,monitoring assessments may re-sult in decisions targeted at reduc-

ing pollution in the air around astone monument or in proposedimprovements in maintenanceregimes. Monitoring practicesneed to be integrated within themanagement systems they serverather than developed for theirown sake.

Mon i t o r i n g t o o l s shou l d be

se r van t s o f t h e pu r p o se s

t h e y se r ve , no t t h e con t r a r y.

Too often, monitoring projects aredriven by fascination with fash-

ionable monitoring tools, such asGlobal Information Systems orsets of trendy indicators. It is im-portant that the t ools and indica-torschosen are those that willbest meet the defined purpose ofthe monitoring activity within thecontext of available resources andapplicable constraints.

E f f e c t i v e mon i t o r i n g

s y st em s f o r cu l t u r a l he r i t a g e mu s t be des i g ned

t o t a ke a w i d e r ange o f

i n t r i n s i c and ex t r i n s i c

f a c t o r s i n t o a c coun t .

Too often, monitoring pro-grammes focus on only one facetof a particular situation. For some,monitoring is about measuringdimensional change in a buildingor structure; for others, it is direct-

ed towards understanding demo-graphic trends and the changingsocial pressures within a historic

ICCROMNEWSLETTER

17

Vilnius, Lithuania: Effective monitoringrequires looking beyond surfacechanges. Has extensive publicinvestment in faade painting in VilniusOld Town improved conditions forconservation or the contrary?Monitoring helps frame the debate

around such options in managingheritage sites.


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city; and for yet others, it is part ofthe management planning cycle,providing feedback on planned ac-tions for improvement. Effectivemonitoring requires a comprehen-sive framework measuring physi-cal change in the heritage itself; theexternal pressures or conditionsaffecting the heritage; and the ef-fectiveness of conservation actionsor strategies.

The ke y f o cu s i n mon i t o r i n g

cu l t u r a l he r i t a g e i s t h e

deg r ee t o wh i c h he r i t a g e

va l u e s a r e i n t a c t and l i e a t

t h e hea r t o f de c i s i o n -mak i n g

fo r a s i t e .

While it is important that the moni-toring framework established for aproperty is drawn widely to ensurethat all conditions significant for itsconservation are assessed, the cen-tral question is the degree to whichthe heritage values of a site havebeen affected by time and circum-

stances.Generally, the presence of astat ement of si gnifi cance, describ-ing the relationship between thetangible and intangible values of asite, is a reliable indicator thatthese values are described clearlyenough to measure the impact ofproposed property developmentor conservation actions on thesevalues.

Ob j e c t i v it y i n de f i n i n g

he r i t a g e va l u e s r equ i r e s t h e

app l i c a t i o n o f s c i e n t i f i c

me t h o d t o e f f o r t s t o e n s u r e

t h a t t h e va l u e s id en t i f i e d a r e

w i d e l y sha r ed .

Objectivity in evaluating heritagevalues is often more elusive forcultural heritage than for naturalheritage. Many natural heritage

values reflect understandings inthe natural sciences, and permitrelatively accurate scientific meas-

urement (e.g. the rarity of a partic-ular species). Cultural heritagevalues are based on perceptions offactors in human developmentthat may appear important at agiven point in time, and their eval-uation lies primarily in the realmof the humanities.

Optimizing objectivity for cul-tural heritage requires both a sys-tematic effort to identify the natureof the potential contributions ofthe property to our understandingof aesthetic, historic, archaeologi-cal, scientific and technological de-velopment, and consultationprocesses that seek general agree-ment among concerned citizens orgroups about where value lies.

ICCROM continues to develop these

experiences within the Heritage Set-

tlements programmes. A two-day

workshop on monitoring issues will be

held in Vicenza in conjunction with

the World Heritage Convention 30th

anniversary celebrations on 11-12 No-vember, 2002. For further informa-

tion, contact Herb Stovel:

[email protected]

AFRICA 2009 entersa new phaseThe AFRICA 2009 programme, apartnership of African cultural her-itage organizations, ICCROM, theUNESCO World Heritage Centre,

and CRATerre-EAG, successfullycompleted its pilot phase at the endof 2001 and has now moved into anew consolidation phase.

As in past years, the main activi-ty in 2001 at the regional level (Pro-

jet Cadre) was the Regional Courseon Conservation and Managementof Immovable Cultural Heritageheld in Mombasa, Kenya, in part-nership with the Programme for

Museum Development in Africa(PMDA) and the National Muse-ums of Kenya. The course in Eng-

lish, which was attended by 22 par-ticipants from 18 countries in theregion, focused on a two-month,hands-on exercise to develop man-agement plans for two sites in theOld Town of Mombasa.

The first thematic seminar inFrench, attended by 20 partici-pants from 18 countries, took placein Sgou, Mali, in November 2001.

The seminar, a partnership withthe National Department for Artsand Culture of the Ministry of Cul-ture of Mali, was entitled WhatArguments for Creating Aware-ness of Conservation of Immov-able African Cultural Heritage?

Two research projects were also

carried out in 2001. The first result-ed in the publication of a report onTraditional Conservation Practices

ICCROMNEWSLETTER

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Site visit to Djenne in Mali during the2001 Thematic Seminar

Participants of the 2001 RegionalCourse at the J umba la Mtwanaarchaeological site in Kenya


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in Africa (the programme is cur-rently examining the possibility ofissuing a more formal publicationof this material). The second, apartnership with the SouthernAfrican Rock Art Project (SARAP),led to the compilation of a CourseManual for Rock Art Documenta-tion, which was piloted on theCOMRASA-2001 course held inKasama, Zambia.

The second annual AFRICA2009 Newsletter was published inJune, 2002. A redesigned web site(www.iccrom.org/africa2009) andan e-mail news list also help dis-seminate information about theprogramme and aid African pro-fessionals in monitoring activity inthe region.

In addition to these regular ac-tivities, the AFRICA 2009 SteeringCommittee initiated an independ-ent assessment process of the pro-gramme since it was launched in1998. The first step was an assess-

ment report, which presented avery positive view of the accom-plishments to date and indicatedhow the programme could be im-

proved in the future. The findingsof the assessment team were then

discussed at a bilingual DirectorsSeminar held in Mombasa at theend of September. A number of theproposals were adopted and a

draft programme wasdrawn up for the consol-idation phase (2002

2005). Several new activities, in-cluding national seminars, short

technical courses and a pro-gramme of internship and cross-border exchange, will beintroduced as a result of the as-sessment.

AFRICA 2009 would like tothank its financial partners duringthe pilot phase. Funding for theProjet Cadre has come from Sida,NORAD, the Finnish, Italian andNorwegian Ministries of Foreign

Affairs, the World Heritage Fundand ICCROM, who have all indi-cated their willingness to reaffirmtheir support during the consoli-dation phase. Funding for the Pro-

jets Situs has come from the WorldHeritage Fund, French Embassiesin individual countries, the WorldMonuments Fund, NORAD, localand national heritage agencies,and private companies.

ICCROMNEWSLETTER

19

Projets Situs (Site Projects)

Site projects, a vital element of AFRICA 2009, ensure that regional activities are based on

realistic methods for management and conservation of African heritage sites. They also

allow the programme to work with

professionals, artisans and

communities that it would not

otherwise be able to reach. Projets

Sit usin 2001-2002 have includedwork on James Island in the Gambia,

the Kondoa Irangi Rock Paintings site

in Tanzania, the Askia Tomb in Mali,

the Asante Traditional Buildings World

Heritage Site in Ghana, Agadez in

Niger, and the Habitat Btammarib

in Togo. The Kasubi Tombs site in

Uganda, the subject of a Projet Situ

in 1998 and 2000, was recently added

to the UNESCO World Heritage List as

a direct result of work carried out

within the AFRICA 2009 programme.

Above: Askia Tomb in Mali

Left: Interior of the Kasubi Tombsin Uganda

Focus on Management Planning

One of the main focuses of AFRICA 2009 since its inception has been the

management planning process. Bolstered by work on several Pro jet s Sit us

and the hands-on management planning exercise that is a part of the regional

courses, the programme has begun to build on these experiences. As a first

step, a workshop was held in March 2002 in Grenoble, France, at the

CRATerre-EAG premises. The programme brought together former participants

and resource persons of AFRICA 2009 courses, partners in Proj et Sit us, and

staff members from CRATerre-EAG, ICCROM and the UNESCO World Heritage

Centre. The resulting work will be

used to fine-tune the 2002 regional

course and will eventually lead to

the creation of didactic materials

and a publication on the

management planning process in

Africa.

Baba Ceesay (Gambia) andSouayibou Varissou (Benin),participants of the Management

Planning Workshop


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ICCROMNEWSLETTER

20

GEORGIAOn 25 April, 2002, a severe earth-quake hit Tbilisi, the capital ofGeorgia, resulting in loss of lifeand property. The historic area ofTbilisi is of significant heritagevalue and has been nominated forinclusion in UNESCO's WorldHeritage List. ICCROM was thefirst international organisation torespond to an appeal for assis-tance from the Georgia Depart-ment of Cultural Heritage andorganised a mission, entrusted to

Mr Ray Bondin, on 16-19 May,2002, to document the impact ofthe earthquake, and recommendthe relevant conservation expert-ise to assess the stability of dam-aged buildings. Preliminaryconclusions emphasized the ur-gency of the situation, noting 150buildings in immediate danger ofcollapse, and the very limited fi-nancial resources within Georgia

to respond to it.

ITALYTwenty-two officials from threeItalian Ministries took part in aninformation course on World Her-itage nomination and periodic re-porting procedures, organized byICCROM in collaboration with theUNESCO World Heritage Centreon 6-8 March, 2002, in Rome. Theaim of the course was to familiar-ize participants with World Her-itage Convention implementationprocedures to enable them to un-dertake missions on behalf of the

World Heritage Centre.

JORDAN, LEBANON,SYRIASixteen young students and fiveteachers, from Jordan, Lebanonand Syria, participated in theWorld Heritage Skills Develop-ment Training Course in Petra,Jordan, organized by UNESCOs

World Heritage Centre (WHC)and the Associated Schools Pro-ject Network (ASPnet) in close

collaboration with their AmmanOffice, the UNESCO Jordan Com-mission and ICCROM. The aim ofthe course, held in Arabic, was toestablish a model of co-operationbetween schools and site heritagemanagers and to develop new ed-ucational approaches to introduceworld heritage into school curric-ula. The four-day course, whichincluded practical activities onsite, focused on raising youthawareness of the dangers threat-ening cultural heritage, and en-couraging local communities tore-discover their own heritage asa means of ensuring its protection

(see page 14).

LEBANONICCROM organized a trainingworksite in October 2001 on theconservation of mural paintingsat the 18th century Maronitechurch of Qannoubine in theQadisha Valley of northernLebanon in collaboration with theGeneral Direction of Antiquities

of the Ministry of Culture inLebanon and the National Com-mission for UNESCO. TheQadisha Valley was declared aWorld Heritage Site in 1998. Thenine participants were introducedto basic theory and techniques inmural painting conservation andwere able to assist practically inthe cleaning and consolidationtreatment of the paintings in the

central and lateral apses of thechurch.

COLLABORATION

WITH MEMBER

STATESSome recent examples

Wall paintings in Maronite church,Qannoubine, Lebanon.

Houses in the medieval centre ofTbilisi, Georgia, after the earthquake.

Course participants on study visit atthe Appia Antica Regional Park, Rome,

Italy, March 2002.


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Mnica Garca Robles was second-ed from ICCROM to the PeruvianMinistry of Foreign Affairs in Octo-ber 2001 to undertake a project intheir Historical Boundary Archive.She reports:

The PeruvianArchive ProjectSince 1999, the Peruvian Ministryof Foreign Affairs has been givingpriority to its archives. The initia-tive started with the launch of anintegrated archival project that in-

cluded introducing a computer-ized document managementsystem to facilitate the flow of day-to-day documentation, as well asreorganizing the extensive docu-mentation that the Ministry hasproduced or gathered over theyears.

The project was led by a Peru-vian archivist, Yolanda Bisso, sup-ported by seventeen archivists,

who set up a system that managesinternal, incoming and outgoingdocumentation. It is now headingtowards information managementthrough e-government.

At the same time, the Ministrywas centralizing its archives in asingle building across the streetfrom Torre Tagle, the historicbuilding where they had beenhoused since 1921. Rehabilitationof the new headquarters, a formerten-storey bank building datingfrom the 1970s, included design-ing an appropriate archival space,two floors below ground level,where the bank vaults were locat-ed. The archive floor has been di-vided into two separate areas: a

new section built specifically forthe Central Archives with a read-ing room and offices and the reno-vated area, with its huge vaultsand round metal doors, housingthe Treaties Archive, the HistoricalArchive of Peruvian Boundaries,and the conservation and book-binding laboratories.

When construction ended inMay 2001, the Central Archives

had a total storage capacity of7,900 linear meters. The 11,000

boxes containing documentationsince 1821 were transferred to theirnewly furnished and climate-con-trolled home. It took over thirtypeople a whole month to moveeverything into place. The reno-vated area was completed in De-cember 2001. After streamliningthe document flow system, thenext phase was to tackle the Min-istrys historical archives.

The Historical Boundary

Archive (Archivo Histrico de

Lmites AHL)

The documentation held in theAHL is unique. Not only is it con-sidered the most comprehensiveresource for the study of Peru andits territorial development, but it isalso an important decision-makingtool (the last treaty was signed in1998 with Ecuador). Its special fea-ture is that it contains collectionsof all types of documents from dif-ferent archives and various peri-

ods of time, and not simply thedocuments produced by a giveninstitution. The archive currentlycomprises more than 10,200 docu-ments (70% colonial), some 4,000maps (10% colonial) and a small li-brary of about 500 books and 150atlases.

Two historians, Camilo Vicenteand Jos Luis Lenci, have been incharge of this collection for fifteen

years, and the main users to datehave been diplomats, engineers,geographers and geologists fromthe Direccin de Lmites, who of-ten consult the holdings.

The Boundary Archive

Project

After a preliminary study of thecollections and with the patronageof the Vice-Minister of Foreign Af-

fairs, Ambassador Manuel Ro-drguez Cuadros, it was decided tofocus on the map collection, which

ICCROMNEWSLETTER

21

Preservation of

archives in Peru

and at ICCROM

Reorganizing maps and inputting datain the Map Archive, Lima, Peru


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had not had a printed cataloguesince 1957. The documents had re-ceived more attention, as theywere all microfilmed and properlystored in the late 1980s. They hadalso fared better than the mapsduring the renovation works: allthe document boxes were tem-porarily transferred to the new cli-mate-controlled area of the CentralArchives, whereas the map collec-tion remained exposed.

The project aims were to imple-ment a preservation programmeas an integrated part of thearchival administration, to ensurefuture continuity of the project,and to facilitate access to the col-lection by all users.

In January 2002, when the workswere completed, the area was pro-vided with suitable environmentalcontrol for storage and use of itsholdings. Dust generated by theworks, however, made it necessaryto clean shelves, furniture and the

maps inside the drawers. This taskwas performed with the archivestaff, a volunteer and the invalu-able help of Larry Ivan Mendoza,the Ministrys paper conservatorand a former ICCROM participant(2001 Archival ConservationCourse in Chile), who also instruct-ed the team on appropriate han-dling techniques for large-formatcollections. The storage area was

reorganized to make space for ad-ditional, custom-made furniture foroutsize maps. All the maps are nowbeing rearranged according to sizeand material.

An important feature of thisproject has been the involvementof users at all levels in the preser-vation programm

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