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Common Dental Materials
Amalgam
Composite
Porcelain
Sealant
Veneer
Post
Fixed Partial Denture
Inlay
Onlay
Amalgam
An alloy that consists chiefly of silver mixed with mercury and variable amounts of other metals
Appears radiopaque radiographically
Composite
Also called a white filling
Typically consists of a resin-based matrix and an inorganic filler (which gives the composite wear-resistance and translucency)
May appear radiopaque radiographically (older ones may appear radiolucent)
Porcelain
Produced by mixing ceramic powder with distilled water
Appears radiopaque radiographically
Sealant
A tough, plastic material designed to bond to the tooth enamel
Clear or tooth-colored material that seals the pits and grooves
Not seen radiographically
Sealant Appearances
Clinical Radiographic
• Not seen but possibly a faint radiopacity on occlusal surface
Veneer A thin layer of restorative material
placed over a tooth surface, either to improve the aesthetics of a tooth, or to protect a damaged tooth surface
Two types of materials can be used in a veneer: composite and porcelain
Appears radiopaque radiographically
Post and Crown Often, only the root
portion is left to retain the crown.
A gold casting called a post and core
Common practice to cement a post about two-thirds of the way into a root canal
Core = the part of the post that protrudes from the root canal
Fixed Partial Denture (FPD) Designed to replace more than one missing natural
tooth Dentist attaches an FPD to natural teeth (abutments)
or roots by cementation Pontic = artificial tooth suspended from the retainer
casting, occupies the space formerly filled by the crown of a natural tooth
Unit castings are joined together by connectors. The units may be made entirely from metal,
combination of metal or resin, or from a combination of metal and porcelain.
Surface Restorations
Examples: O, B, L, DO, MO, MOD, MOB, OL, OB, MF, ML, DF, or DL
A dental restorative material used to artificially restore the function, integrity, and morphology of missing tooth structure
Appears radiopaque radiographically
How to Identify Dental Materials Clinically
Tactile detection:•Composite restorations have a distinct tactile
feel with the explorer that contrasts with a natural tooth or a ceramic or porcelain restoration.
•A black line of metal may be apparent when an explorer is used on the material.
Air:•Aesthetic restorations may reveal a dry, chalky
appearance when air is applied.
Charting Restorations Use blue ink and draw symbol for
existing restoration.
Place appropriate letter for restoration material (e.g. A, C, P, V) on facial or buccal aspect of chart, above/below root apices.
Place an “S” on the occlusal surface of the tooth that has a sealant.
More on Charting Restorations
For a bridge, mark missing tooth/teeth with straight line, outline the crowns of teeth, and fill in with diagonal lines. Draw 2 sets of parallel lines between crowns of teeth. Place appropriate letter representing type of material on facial or buccal.
Mark a straight line inside root areas(s) of affected tooth for a root canal therapy.
Answers 4 - “P” should be on the buccal, not the
lingual, aspect of the chart, above the apices.
14 – “S” should be on the occlusal surface rather than on the buccal aspect of the chart, above the apices.
31 – Blue, rather than black, ink should have been used.
More Answers You can use tactile detection and air. With tactile
detection, there will be a distinct difference in sound. There is more of a solid ringing noise when an explorer goes across a restoration and more of a jagged, scratching noise when an explorer runs along a tooth surface that has a stain, especially if the tooth surface has pits.
A composite will cover a surface whereas a sealant will cover a pit or groove.