Date post: | 23-Jan-2017 |
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Outcomes Research
Ileana Miron-YeeMSN – 601
Research and Ethics in AP NursingProfessor: Dr. Catie Chung
Definition of Outcomes
• Traditionally - the end result of a process, treatment, or intervention.
• Healthcare - the responses, behaviors, feelings, or results of care provided.
Kleinpell, 2003
Classification of Outcomes
TYPE TIME
Care-related Patient-related
Performance-related
Short-termIntermediateLong-term
Schmidt & Brown, 2015
Positive Outcomes (PCOR)
Patients • Incorporate a wide variety of settings and diversity of participants to address individual differences and barriers to implementation and dissemination
• Include individual’s preferences, autonomy and needs, focusing on outcomes that people notice and care about such as survival, function, symptoms, and health- related quality of life
• Assess the benefits and harms of preventive, diagnostic, therapeutic, and palliative measures, or health delivery system
Healthcare professionals • Help people and their caregivers communicate and make informed
health care decisions
• Ensure diagnostic sand treatments are based on evidence-based practice
• Continually improve and adapt practice to obtain desired patient outcomes
• Identify processes that need improvement and ultimately ensure
that quality outcomes and best practices are achieved
PCORI, 2012
Negative Outcomes• When clinical research is sponsored by pharmaceutical companies, questions
concerning the validity of the research findings arise because of potential bias.
• Clinical research is increasingly sponsored by companies that make the products
being studied. The companies either directly perform the studies, or fully or partially fund them. Previous research has found that studies sponsored by pharmaceutical industry tend to favor the sponsors’ drugs much more than studies with any other sources of sponsorship. That suggests that industry-sponsored studies are biased in favor of the sponsor’s products.
Lundh, Sismondo, Lexchin, Busuioc & Bero, 2012
Outcomes Measurement Steps
1. Determine the measures of interest 2. Gather necessary data3. Aggregate and analyze the data4. Interpret the results and subsequent actions5. Make changes6. Measure again to evaluate the effectiveness
Kleinpell, 2003
Reference• Kleinpell, R. M. (2003). Measuring advanced practice nursing outcomes: strategies
and resources. Critical Care Nurse, 6-9.
• Lundh, A., Sismondo, S., Lexchin, J., Busuioc, O., & Bero, L. (2012). Industry sponsorship and research outcome. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 20 (12). doi: 10.1002/14651858.MR000033.pub2
• Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Definition Revision: Response to Public Input as of February 15, 2012. Retrieved from: http://www.pcori.org/news-release/pcori-adopts-definition-patient-centered-outcomes-research
• Schmidt, N.A. and Brown, J.M. (2015). Evidence-based practice for nurses: Appraisal and application of research. Jones & Bartlett Learning. Burlington, MA.