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By: Afnan Es-sayyid, Aisha Afzal, Sheeba Khan, Mandy Watson
Childcare in India
Overview Indian population is 1.2 billion
Lots of diversity – culture, religion, family structure, and income
Video-http://
www.youtube.com/watch?v=fC39BsU5T-E&feature=related
HISTORY AND EVOLUTION OF CHILDCARE IN INDIA
What is Early Childhood Education?
1890- kindergarten was established
1953- the national government took measures.
HISTORY IN CANADA
Canadian day care was disorganized. Churches and charities cared for children in substantial facilities.
Wives took care of the domestic economy while husbands fought overseas.
1997- the province of Quebec introduced a day care for $5 a day.
The federal Liberal budget in 2005 included $5 billion over five years.
THE BAL SEVIKAS
In 1961, the thought of Bal Sevika (one who serves the child) came into place.
The programs are concentrated on health and nutrition, preschool education, and community organization.
INTEGRATED CHILD DEVELOPMENT SERVICES Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS).
The programs concentrate on
1. urban slums
2. tribal areas
3. and the more remote and backward rural regions of the country.
The initiative started with 33 modest projects reaching about 150,000 young children.
REGGIO AMELIA Same as Canadian philosophy of Emergent curriculum
Inviting, personal and aesthetic design
Teacher is a “learning partner”
Provocation, research and documentation used in all aspects of learning
MONTESSORI Very popular in India, compared to the very few Canadian Child Care
Centers using the Montessori approach
Attractive; specific areas for tasks
Child-sized furniture
Didactic materials and manipulative curriculum
BEHAVIOURIST APPROACH, THEMATIC APPROACH & CEREBUS CURRICULUM
Thematic Approach• Very structured• Each month, a new theme is selected by the teacher• Focus is more on the product, not the process
Cerebus Curriculum• Most of the learning is done in a playful manner• A special committee of experts analyzes and monitors
children• Specific curriculum designed for each child• Strengthen areas of interest and improve weaknesses
Behaviourist Approach• Most childcare centers in India follow this approach• Even if another philosophy is mainly used in the
curriculum, some aspects of behaviourist approach are still evident there
• Teachers establish direct instruction in small & large group settings
AVAILABILITIES/ACCESSIBILITY OF CHILDCARES
India
Provided in every city/area
Parents choices mostly informal childcare
All ages mostly infant – 12 yrs old
Disabilities & autistic children
Canada
•Provided in every neighbourhood
•Parents choices mostly formal childcare
•All ages infants – 12 yrs old
• Disabilities & autistic children
POPULAR CHILDCARES IN INDIA
Glendale Edufun – Ages 2-5 and optional daycare 5-7 yrs old
Kara Preschool & Daycare center – 2006; Preschool & childcare providers.
Euro Kids – 2001 to date, 30 schools by 2012. Preschool & kindergarten. Have 780+ preschools in 280 towns and cities across India.
ABC Montessori – Franchised (2006), has preschool and daycare
Mother’s Pride – 1st Branch in 1996, now 31 branches.
Aanganwaris childcare center – funded by government. Also, have six volunteer project sites over three regions of India.
CHILDCARE CENTERS IN INDIA
Many Childcare centers are franchised or funded by the government, and organizations/volunteer programs.
Names of cities/towns I found in India with childcare centers are: New Dehli, Chandigarh, Calcutta, Gandhidam, Bengalore, Hyderabad, Mumbai, Bhopal, and Vrundavan.
DIFFERENCE/SIMILARITIES
Difference:
• Family Structure
• Children rights
• Labour
• Prices
Similarities:
• Acceptance of all children
•Age
•Funded by the government
•Private childcares
ECE TRAINING
No official ECE program
Junior Teacher’s Training Certificate offered by Colleges/Universities
Some places ask for graduates of psychology or sociology having work experience with children under 5 yrs
Training workshops after teacher is hired by child care centerNo PRC, Health forms or CPR training required on employment
ROLE OF THE ECE Montessori and Emergent Teacher’s Roles are the same in
India as here in Canada
Most others teachers follow the directed learning approach
Teachers instruct and dictate more than nurture and guide the children
Program Structure
India - In the past it was always
Informal
- Recently Indian Population has been choosing Formal Child Care
- Structure- Policies/guidlines - Ratios
Canada- Formal / Informal
- Program structures & policies
- Health & Safety
- Specific adult child ratios
Thank You for Your time