INDIAN POWER SECTOR

Presentation Contents:

Power Sector Structure in India Transmission Planning Criteria RLDC’s Management System Restoration Procedures

INDIAN POWER SECTOR

POWER SECTOR STRUCTURE

IN INDIA

INDIAN POWER SECTOR

Growth of installed capacity for electricity in India

0

20000

40000

60000

80000

100000

120000

1990

-91

1991

-92

1992

-93

1993

-94

1994

-95

1995

-96

1996

-97

1997

-98

1998

-99

1999

-200

0

2000

-200

1

in MW

Fuel wise break-up of installed capacity in power sector

2.60% 1.40% 25%

71%

HydroThermalNuclearWind

Total installed capacity is 105,800 MW

Sector wise consumption of electricity in India

22%

29%

5%

35%

6%

3%

IndustryDomesticRailwaysAgricultureCommercialOthers

Power development - 16th EPS projections

975

719529507

Mar.'01 (act.) Mar.'02 (est.) Mar.'07 (est.) Mar.'12 (est.)

157107

1157058513278037

Peak requirement

in MW

Energy requirement

in BU

INDIA—GENERATING CAPACITY ADDITION

Capacity addition planned 2002-07 – 41,110 MWCapacity addition planned 2002-07 – 41,110 MW

ROURKELA

RAIPUR HIRMA

TALCHER

JAIPUR

NER

ERWR

NR

SR

B'SHARIF

ALLAHABAD

SIPAT

GAZUWAKA

JEYPORECHANDRAPUR

SINGRAULI

VINDHYA-

1000MW

500MW

LUCKNOW

CHICKEN NECK

KRISHNA

TEESTA

MISA

KATHAL-GURI

LEGEND

765 KV LINES

400 KV LINES

HVDC B/B

HVDC BIPOLE

EXISTING/ X PLAN

ZERDA

HISSAR

BONGAIGAON

DEVELOPMENT OF NATIONAL GRID

KOLHAPUR

NARENDRA

KAIGA

MANGALORE

PONDA

IX PLAN

MARIANI

N.K.

KAHALGAON

RANGANADI

SEONI

CHEGAON

BHANDARA

DEHGAM

KARAD

LONIKAND

VAPI

GANDHAR/

TALA

BANGLA

BALLABGARH A'PUR(DELHI RING)

BANGALORE

KOZHIKODE

COCHIN

KAYAMKULAM

TRIVANDRUM

PUGALUR

KAYATHAR

KARAIKUDI

CUDDALORE

SOUTH CHENNAI

KRISHNAPATNAM

CHITTOOR

VIJAYAWADA

SINGARPET

PIPAVAV

LIMBDI

KISHENPUR

DULHASTI

WAGOORA

MOGA

URI

BHUTAN

RAMAGUNDAM

RAVI

JULLANDHAR

DESH

NAGAR

VARANASI

/UNNAO

M'BAD

PURNEA

KORBA

NAGDA

SILIGURI/BIRPARA

TEHRI

MEERUT

BHIWADI

BINA SATNA

MALANPURSHIROHI

KAWAS

PHASE - II(By 2007)

SIRSI

CHAL

JETPURAMRELI

BOISARPADGHE

DHABOL

KOYNA

/BARH

G'PUR

HOSUR

Back

4850

23000

30000

0

5000

10000

15000

20000

25000

30000

35000

Plan

Cum

ulat

ive

Cap

acity

(MW

)

By 2002 By 2006-07 By 2011- 12

Growth of Cumulative capacity of Inter-regional linksGrowth of Cumulative capacity of Inter-regional links

HIERARCHICAL SETUP OF CONTROL CENTRES

RTU RTU RTU

SUB LDC SUB LDC SUB LDC

SLDC SLDC SLDC

ERLDC WRLDC NRLDC SRLDC NERLDC5 Nos.

NLDC

32 Nos.

141 Nos.

1160 Nos.

States were generally in the form of:

1.Vertically Integrated Utilities having- Own Generation- Own Transmission- Own Distribution

2.Having fixed shares in the Central Sector

3.Counting on Load-Generation Balance within the State

Indian Power Sector (Pre-Reforms)

Thrust areas and progress

1. State regulatory commissions (SERCs) constituted

2. SERCs have issued tariff orders

3. States have unbundled their SEBs

Indian Power Sector Reforms

Thrust areas and progress (contd/-)

4. States are in the process of privatising distribution

5. States have signed MoUs with the Ministry of Power

6. All around emphasis to provide 100% metering

Indian Power Sector Reforms

Indian Power Sector-Distribution

• Distribution originally with the State Electricity Boards (SEBs) with licenses given out for some areas to private.

• After unbundling of SEBs, separate (DISCOMS) formed at state level. Privatisation of DISCOMS already done in two states viz. Delhi and Orissa.

• Emphasis on metering, loss reduction at this level with the Central Govt. acting as a

catalyst through assistance under APDRP.

TRANSMISSION PLANNING CRITERIA

INDIAN POWER SECTOR

ISTS shall be capable of withstanding and be secured against the following outages without necessitating load shedding or rescheduling of generation during steady state operation.

Outage of a 132 kV D/C lineor

Outage of a 220 kV D/C lineor

Outage of a 400 kV S/C lineor

Outage of a single ICT

PLANNING CODE FOR ISTS

Planning Criteria :-

Continued …..

PLANNING CODE FOR ISTS Planning Criteria :-

or

Outage of one pole of HVDC bipole

or

Outage of 765 kV S/C line

The aforesaid contingencies would be superimposed over a planned outage

of another 220 kV D/C line or 400 kV S/C line in another corridor and not emanating from the same sub-station.

ISTS shall be capable of withstanding the loss of most severe single system infeed without loss of stability.

PLANNING CODE FOR ISTS

Planning Criteria :-

ANY ONE OF THE AFORESAID EVENTS SHALL NOT CAUSE

o loss of supply

o abnormal frequency on sustained basis

o unacceptable high or low voltage

o system instability

o unacceptable overloading of ISTS elements

OPERATIONAL CODE FOR REGIONAL GRIDS

SYSTEM SECURITY ASPECTS :-

Grid voltage should always be maintained within the operating range

NOMINAL(kV) MAX. (kV) MIN. (kV)400 420 360220 245 200132 145 120

PROBABLE REASONS FOR GRID CONTINGENCIES

EQUIPMENT FAILURE

WEAK TRANSMISSION SYSTEM

OPERATIONAL ERROR

GRID INDISCIPLINE

MULTIPLE OUTAGES DUE TO WEATHER

CASCADED TRIPPING DUE TO OVERLOAD

ISSUES OF IMPORTANCE

Provide adequate level of redundancy in transmission network

Generation to be augmented with load increase

Load regulatory measures by utilities in the event of shortages

Adequate reactive compensation to be provided at load end