Industrial Revolution Begins

Intro

The Industrial Revolution Changed WHERE and HOW people lived

TOP TEN INVENTIONS OF ALL TIME

INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION Chapter 5 and 6

• Industrial Revolution: A period of increased output of goods made by machines and new inventions. (It will change where an how and where people will live!)

• Where did it take place? • ENGLAND

• When? • 1750-1850

• WHY? • Because . . .

Because . . . • 1. Good resources (coal and water)

• 2. Great Britain has a great location

• 3. Great Britain has money

• 4. Great Britain has a population of workers.

• 5. Great Britain can produce enough food to sustain its population.

Inventions in the Industrial AgeTextiles

Steam Power

Steel/Iron

Electricity

Textile Industry• Textile Industry is the most

important industry in Britain in the 1700‘s.

• Most work is done at home.

• Work was usually combined with farming.

• Merchants who traveled on packhorses bought cloth from local farmers.

What led to the advancement of the British textile industry?

INVENTIONS that increased production and the creation of factories.

Why was the development of railroads important to industrialization?

They allowed factory owners to ship raw materials and products quickly over land , not just by water.

Part I: What was life like before the Industrial Revolution?

Eli Whitney Cotton Gin

• Separated the seeds from the cotton

– Previously done by hand

• Invented by Eli Whitney in 1793

Flying Shuttle

• In 1733 John Kay patented his flying shuttle.

• It dramatically increased the speed of weaving.

• It could produce a much wider cloth

Spinning Jenny

• James Hargreaves built the Spinning-Jenny in 1764.

• It used eight spindles to create eight threads at once

• Could only make thin thread

Water Frame

• Connected the water to the machinery via a wheel.

• Powered by a water wheel

• Built by Richard Arkwright

Spinning Mule

• In 1779 Samuel Crompton will combine the features of the

• Spinning Jenny and the water frame calling it the spinning mule.

Power Loom

• Edmund Cartwright invents the power loom.

• This machine was run by water.

Industrial Revolution

Part II Steam Power

• Steam power (steam engine) eventually replaced water power.

• First steam engines used to pump water from coal mines (1705)

• Later used to power textile factories

• Finally to power locomotives and ships

James Watt

• James Watt 1763 improved Newcomen’s Steam engine

– His engine could be used for turning wheels of textile machines

James Watt Steam Engine

Nuclear Model for Steam Power

Richard Trevithick•1804 Richard made an engine that was small but powerful that will lead to the invention of the first Railroad.

The Rocket: George Stevenson

• In 1829 Built the Rocket• Much faster locomotive

(30 MPH)– More powerful than 80

horses– It ran 27 miles.

Transportation• Canals- man-made

waterways used for transporting materials

– Good for heavy products (coal, iron)

– Slow, costly to build

Industrial RevolutionPart II

Result of Transportation Improvements

• Factory owners could transport raw materials quickly and cheaply

• Caused iron and steel industry to grow quickly

• Cost of products dropped

• Jobs working for railroads

• People could move more rapidly

Part III Henry Bessemer invents the Bessemer Process 1856 STEEL!

Internal Combustion Engine

Horseless Carriage• In 1769, the first self-propelled road vehicle it

was a steam-powered model.• Internal combustion engine (Nikolas Otto )

– Powered by gasoline, diesel, or kerosene

– Used by Daimler to make the first practical automobile 1886- sold in 1892 –KARL BENZ

Automobiles and Ocean Liners`

• HENRY FORD VIDEO

Henry Ford pioneered the ASSEMBLY LINE1818 first STEAM SHIP / 1870 first OCEAN LINER

1903 Wright Brothers: Wilbur and Orville Wright and the

Kitty Hawk (pg. 200)

First flight ever, this is real footage.

PART IV ELECTRICITY

THE BIG 3! GAME CHANGERS

• THOMAS EDISON: (p.199)

THE BIG 3! GAME CHANGERS

• ALEXANDER GRAHAM BELL:

THE BIG 3! GAME CHANGERS

• GUGLIELMO MARCONI: (p.201)

Which invention is most important?

Problems in Factories• Working hours (12-16)• Accidents• Pollution• Unclean Food• Abuse

THE END

1. Name ONE new ideas came about as a result of the Industrial Revolution? 2. One good question about what we

learned today.

Industrial Revolution and Beyond

Factories

• First factories were powered by water (rivers)

• 1790 there were 150 water-powered cotton spinning factories in Britain.

• Later steam engine was used

Lets talk about Cotton/WoolFour Stages of Making Cloth

1. Cleaning-separating the seeds and debris from the cotton fibers

2. Carding-fibers are disentangled and laid straight (parallel)

3. Spinning-process of spinning short fibers together to make thread or yarn

4. Weaving-interlacing the thread or yarn together to make cloth

DAY 2: Intro Questions• What was the Industrial Revolution? Machines and new inventions

• Where did it happen first and why? England: Location, rivers, capital, coal, technology

• What effects did it have on life in Great Britain? It changed WHERE and HOW people lived

• What new ideas came about as a result of the Industrial Revolution? That is what we will learn today!

Part III Steel