Industrial RevolutionBegins

Revolution in Great Britain1700s = change in technologyenergy source changed from human &

animal power to machinery Industrial Revolution occurred when use

of power-driven machinery was developed

this started in Great Britain

Factors for Successin Great Britainexploration and colonialismpower of the seapolitical stabilitygovernment supportgrowth of private investment

Agricultural Factors1701 Jethro Tull invented seed drill landowners bought up small farms and

consolidated them in the enclosure movement

Factors of Production: LandGreat Britain had great natural

resources coal for fuel iron for steel & machinery waterways (rivers & canals) to generate

power and transport raw materials and goods

Factors of Production: LaborGreat Britain’s population grew because

of greater food supplyenclosure movement took land away

from small farmers resulted in surplus of available workers

Factors of Production: Capitalcapital is the money or property a

business needs to stay in businesscapital can be money, machines, or

people people who specialized in one area had

abilities and skills to their advantages

A Revolution in Textilesa cottage industry is an occupation in

which you make a craft and it is done in your home

making cloth had been a cottage industry

cloth was made mostly with wool

A New Way of Making Clothcloth was now made from wool and

cotton more sheep could be raised due to the

enclosure movement cotton came to Great Britain from the

coloniesnew inventions helped the process of

cloth making

Cotton Gin invented by Eli Whitney removed seeds from raw cotton

Spinning Jenny invented by James Hargreavesspun multiple threads at one time

threads were still thick and broke easily

Spinning Frame invented by Richard Arkwrightsimilar to the spinning jenny

spun stronger, thinner threads

“Flying Shuttle” invented by John Kaypushed thread back and forth on loom

automatically had been done by the weaver pushing the

shuttle back and forth allowed for looms to be wider than arm’s

width

Power Loom invented by Edmund Cartwright in 1785automated the weaving process

Cloth Making Outside the Homenew inventions to speed up the cloth

making process were big machinesmachines needed a special place to

house themcloth now made

in FACTORIES

Steam Powers the Revolutionsteam is created when water is heated

to the point of vaporizingwater vapors expand when hotsteam engines were invented in 1712

by Thomas Newcomen

Newcomen Steam Engine

Development of the Steam Engine

James Watt innovated Newcomen’s steam engine to be more efficient Watt’s engine was better suited for factories

1802 Richard Trevithick put a steam engine in first locomotive

1807 Robert Fulton developed the first steamship

Coal for British Steam Enginescoal mining industry in northern and

western England grewby 1800, Great Britain produced 80% of

Europe’s coalmining was dangerous

explosions coal dust collapsing shafts hard labor

Exit TicketWhat are the three factors of production

that we discussed? What is an example of each of these

factors that Great Britain had? How did the early inventions help the

textile industry change from a cottage industry to an industry performed in factories?